To verify the effectiveness of digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN in the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkles.A total of 115 subjects were recruited,the facial images of the subjects were collected...To verify the effectiveness of digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN in the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkles.A total of 115 subjects were recruited,the facial images of the subjects were collected by digital optical 3D image analyzer and manual camera,the changes of crow’s feet with age were analyzed.Pictures obtained by manual photography can be directly used for observation and preliminary grading of wrinkles.However,the requirements for evaluators are high,and the results are prone to errors,which will affect the accuracy of the evaluation.Therefore,skilled raters are needed.Compared with the manual photography method,the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN can realize three-dimensional extraction of wrinkles,and obtain the change trend of crow’s feet with age.20~30 years old,wrinkles begin to appear slowly;wrinkles will increase rapidly at the age of 30~50;The length of 50~60 year old wrinkles is basically fixed,the wrinkles develop longitudewise,gradually widen and deepen,and the area,depth and volume increase is obvious,and the skin aging condition is intensified.the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN realizes the 3D extraction of wrinkles,quantifies the circumference,area,average depth,maximum depth and volume of wrinkles,realizes the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkle state,is more accurate in the measurement of wrinkles,and provides a new instrument and method for the evaluation of wrinkles.it is a perfect and supplement to the traditional evaluation methods,and to a certain extent,it helps the research and development and evaluation institutions of cosmetics to obtain more abundant and three-dimensional data support.展开更多
To avoid the complicated motion compensation in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture(InISAR)and achieve realtime three-dimensional(3 D)imaging,a novel approach for 3 D imaging of the target only using a single e...To avoid the complicated motion compensation in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture(InISAR)and achieve realtime three-dimensional(3 D)imaging,a novel approach for 3 D imaging of the target only using a single echo is presented.This method is based on an isolated scatterer model assumption,thus the scatterers in the beam can be extracted individually.The radial range of each scatterer is estimated by the maximal likelihood estimation.Then,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference is derived by using the phase comparison technology for each scatterer,respectively.Finally,by utilizing the relationship among the 3 D coordinates,the radial range,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference,the 3 D image of the target can be reconstructed.The reconstructed image is free from the limitation in InISAR that the image plane depends on the target's own motions and on its relative position with respect to the radar.Furthermore,a phase ambiguity resolution method is adopted to ensure the success of the 3 D imaging when phase ambiguity occurs.It can be noted that the proposed phase ambiguity resolution method only uses one antenna pair and does not require a priori knowledge,whereas the existing phase ambiguity methods may require two or more antenna pairs or a priori knowledge for phase unwarping.To evaluate the performance of the proposed method,the theoretical analyses on estimation accuracy are presented and the simulations in various scenarios are also carried out.展开更多
Depth discontinuity edge affects the visual quality of synthesized images in 3D image warping.However,it suffers from accuracy degradation when up-sampled from low-resolution depth maps,especially at large scaling fac...Depth discontinuity edge affects the visual quality of synthesized images in 3D image warping.However,it suffers from accuracy degradation when up-sampled from low-resolution depth maps,especially at large scaling factors.To preserve the accuracy of depth discontinuity,a novel joint bilateral depth super-resolution with intensity guidance method is proposed.Particularly,the fast local intensity classification is exploited to estimate depth coefficients in joint bilateral up-sampling for depth maps,so as to eliminate depth discontinuity edge misalignment.Additionally,the proposed method is accelerated on graphic processing units(GPUs)to meet the requirement of realtime application.Experiments demonstrate that our method can preserve the accuracy of depth discontinuity edges after super resolution,leveraging the visual quality of synthesized image in 3D image warping.展开更多
This Letter proposes a high bit-depth coding method to improve depth map resolution and render it suitable to human-eye observation in 3D range-intensity correlation laser imaging. In this method, a high bit-depth CCD...This Letter proposes a high bit-depth coding method to improve depth map resolution and render it suitable to human-eye observation in 3D range-intensity correlation laser imaging. In this method, a high bit-depth CCD camera with a nanosecond-sealed gated intensifier is used as an image sensor; subsequently two high bit-depth gate images with specific range-intensity profiles are obtained to establish the gray depth map and finally the gray depth map is encoded by an equidensity pseudocolor. With this method, a color depth map is generated with higher range resolution. In our experimental work, the range resolution of the depth map is improved by a factor of 1.67.展开更多
To decipher the organizational logic of complex brain circuits,it is important to chart long-distance pathways while preserving micron-level accuracy of local network.However,mapping the neuronal projections with indi...To decipher the organizational logic of complex brain circuits,it is important to chart long-distance pathways while preserving micron-level accuracy of local network.However,mapping the neuronal projections with individual-axon resolution in the large and complex primate brain is still challenging.Herein,we describe a highly efficient pipeline for three-dimensional mapping of the entire macaque brain with subcellular resolution.The pipeline includes a novel poly-N-acryloyl glycinamide(PNAGA)-based embedding method for long-term structure and fluorescence preservation,high-resolution and rapid whole-brain optical imaging,and image post-processing.The cytoarchitectonic information of the entire macaque brain was acquired with a voxel size of 0.32μm×0.32μm×10μm,showing its anatomical structure with cell distribution,density,and shape.Furthermore,thanks to viral labeling,individual long-distance projection axons from the frontal cortex were for the first time reconstructed across the entire brain hemisphere with a voxel size of 0.65μm×0.65μm×3μm.Our results show that individual cortical axons originating from the prefrontal cortex simultaneously target multiple brain regions,including the visual cortex,striatum,thalamus,and midbrain.This pipeline provides an efficient method for cellular and circuitry investigation of the whole macaque brain with individual-axon resolution,and can shed light on brain function and disorders.展开更多
Fabric pilling evaluation has been considered as an essential element for textile quality inspection. Traditional manual method is still based on human eyes and brain, which is subjective with low efficiency. This pap...Fabric pilling evaluation has been considered as an essential element for textile quality inspection. Traditional manual method is still based on human eyes and brain, which is subjective with low efficiency. This paper proposes an objective evaluation method based on semi-calibrated near-light Photometric Stereo(PS). Fabric images are digitalized by self-developed image acquisition system. The 3D depth information of each point could be obtained by PS algorithm and then mapped to 2D grayscale image. After that, the non-textured image could be filtered by using the Gaussian low-pass filter. The pilling segmentation is conducted by using global iterative threshold segmentation method,and then K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) is finally selected as a tool for the grade classification of fabric pilling. Our experimental results show that the proposed evaluation system could achieve excellent judging performance for the objective pilling evaluation.展开更多
文摘To verify the effectiveness of digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN in the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkles.A total of 115 subjects were recruited,the facial images of the subjects were collected by digital optical 3D image analyzer and manual camera,the changes of crow’s feet with age were analyzed.Pictures obtained by manual photography can be directly used for observation and preliminary grading of wrinkles.However,the requirements for evaluators are high,and the results are prone to errors,which will affect the accuracy of the evaluation.Therefore,skilled raters are needed.Compared with the manual photography method,the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN can realize three-dimensional extraction of wrinkles,and obtain the change trend of crow’s feet with age.20~30 years old,wrinkles begin to appear slowly;wrinkles will increase rapidly at the age of 30~50;The length of 50~60 year old wrinkles is basically fixed,the wrinkles develop longitudewise,gradually widen and deepen,and the area,depth and volume increase is obvious,and the skin aging condition is intensified.the digital optical 3D image analyzer EvaSKIN realizes the 3D extraction of wrinkles,quantifies the circumference,area,average depth,maximum depth and volume of wrinkles,realizes the objective and quantitative evaluation of wrinkle state,is more accurate in the measurement of wrinkles,and provides a new instrument and method for the evaluation of wrinkles.it is a perfect and supplement to the traditional evaluation methods,and to a certain extent,it helps the research and development and evaluation institutions of cosmetics to obtain more abundant and three-dimensional data support.
基金supported by the Science and Technique Commission Foundation of Fujian Province(2018H6023)。
文摘To avoid the complicated motion compensation in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture(InISAR)and achieve realtime three-dimensional(3 D)imaging,a novel approach for 3 D imaging of the target only using a single echo is presented.This method is based on an isolated scatterer model assumption,thus the scatterers in the beam can be extracted individually.The radial range of each scatterer is estimated by the maximal likelihood estimation.Then,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference is derived by using the phase comparison technology for each scatterer,respectively.Finally,by utilizing the relationship among the 3 D coordinates,the radial range,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference,the 3 D image of the target can be reconstructed.The reconstructed image is free from the limitation in InISAR that the image plane depends on the target's own motions and on its relative position with respect to the radar.Furthermore,a phase ambiguity resolution method is adopted to ensure the success of the 3 D imaging when phase ambiguity occurs.It can be noted that the proposed phase ambiguity resolution method only uses one antenna pair and does not require a priori knowledge,whereas the existing phase ambiguity methods may require two or more antenna pairs or a priori knowledge for phase unwarping.To evaluate the performance of the proposed method,the theoretical analyses on estimation accuracy are presented and the simulations in various scenarios are also carried out.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61572058)
文摘Depth discontinuity edge affects the visual quality of synthesized images in 3D image warping.However,it suffers from accuracy degradation when up-sampled from low-resolution depth maps,especially at large scaling factors.To preserve the accuracy of depth discontinuity,a novel joint bilateral depth super-resolution with intensity guidance method is proposed.Particularly,the fast local intensity classification is exploited to estimate depth coefficients in joint bilateral up-sampling for depth maps,so as to eliminate depth discontinuity edge misalignment.Additionally,the proposed method is accelerated on graphic processing units(GPUs)to meet the requirement of realtime application.Experiments demonstrate that our method can preserve the accuracy of depth discontinuity edges after super resolution,leveraging the visual quality of synthesized image in 3D image warping.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61205019 and 61475150
文摘This Letter proposes a high bit-depth coding method to improve depth map resolution and render it suitable to human-eye observation in 3D range-intensity correlation laser imaging. In this method, a high bit-depth CCD camera with a nanosecond-sealed gated intensifier is used as an image sensor; subsequently two high bit-depth gate images with specific range-intensity profiles are obtained to establish the gray depth map and finally the gray depth map is encoded by an equidensity pseudocolor. With this method, a color depth map is generated with higher range resolution. In our experimental work, the range resolution of the depth map is improved by a factor of 1.67.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Project2015CB755602)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61721092,61890953,31871088,and 81871082)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B030335001)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-014)the Director Fund of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics。
文摘To decipher the organizational logic of complex brain circuits,it is important to chart long-distance pathways while preserving micron-level accuracy of local network.However,mapping the neuronal projections with individual-axon resolution in the large and complex primate brain is still challenging.Herein,we describe a highly efficient pipeline for three-dimensional mapping of the entire macaque brain with subcellular resolution.The pipeline includes a novel poly-N-acryloyl glycinamide(PNAGA)-based embedding method for long-term structure and fluorescence preservation,high-resolution and rapid whole-brain optical imaging,and image post-processing.The cytoarchitectonic information of the entire macaque brain was acquired with a voxel size of 0.32μm×0.32μm×10μm,showing its anatomical structure with cell distribution,density,and shape.Furthermore,thanks to viral labeling,individual long-distance projection axons from the frontal cortex were for the first time reconstructed across the entire brain hemisphere with a voxel size of 0.65μm×0.65μm×3μm.Our results show that individual cortical axons originating from the prefrontal cortex simultaneously target multiple brain regions,including the visual cortex,striatum,thalamus,and midbrain.This pipeline provides an efficient method for cellular and circuitry investigation of the whole macaque brain with individual-axon resolution,and can shed light on brain function and disorders.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61876106)。
文摘Fabric pilling evaluation has been considered as an essential element for textile quality inspection. Traditional manual method is still based on human eyes and brain, which is subjective with low efficiency. This paper proposes an objective evaluation method based on semi-calibrated near-light Photometric Stereo(PS). Fabric images are digitalized by self-developed image acquisition system. The 3D depth information of each point could be obtained by PS algorithm and then mapped to 2D grayscale image. After that, the non-textured image could be filtered by using the Gaussian low-pass filter. The pilling segmentation is conducted by using global iterative threshold segmentation method,and then K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) is finally selected as a tool for the grade classification of fabric pilling. Our experimental results show that the proposed evaluation system could achieve excellent judging performance for the objective pilling evaluation.
