Method of reverberation ray matrix for static analysis of planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko beam members

Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.

New Factor to Characterize Mechanism of “Strong Column-Weak Beam” of RC Frame Structures

Most reinforced concrete(RC)frame structures did not achieve the "strong column-weak beam" failure mode in recent big earthquakes, resulting in a large number of casualties and significant property loss. To deal with this serious problem, a new column-beam relative factor was proposed to characterize the relative yield situation of column ends and beam ends. By limiting the column-beam relative factor, RC frame structures could achieve the "strong column-weak beam" failure mode under the excitation of strong ground motions. The limit values of column-beam relative factor were calculated, analyzed and verified by using structural simulation models for corner columns in the bottom story of structures, which are destroyed most seriously in earthquakes. The results show that the limit values should be analyzed under bi-directional ground motion and with different axial compression ratios of columns. The peak ground acceleration(PGA)of ground motions has no significant effect on the limit values, while the type of strong ground motions has a significant effect on the limit values.

A New Non-uniform Beam Element and Its Application to Buckling Analysis for Framed Structures

The non-uniform beam components are commonly used in engineering,while the method to analyze such component is not too satisfactory yet. A new non-uniform beam element with high precision was developed based on the non-linear analysis and the static condensation. Based on the interpolation theory, the displacement fields of the three-node non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam element were constructed at first: the quintic Hermite interpolation polynomial was used for the lateral displacement field and the quadratic Lagrange interpolation polynomial for the axial displacement field. Then,based on the basic assumptions of non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam whose section properties were continuously varying along its centroidal axis, the linear and geometric stiffness matrices of the three-node non-uniform beam element were derived according to the nonlinear finite element theory. Finally,the degrees of freedom ( DOFs) of the middle node of the element were eliminated using the static condensation method, and a new two-node non-uniform beam element including axial-force effect was obtained. The results indicate that each bar needs to be meshed with only one element could get a fairly accurate solution when it is applied to the stability analyses.

A Comparative Study on the Truck Frame Stiffness with Solid and Beam Element FEA Models

Truck frames should be designed and fabricated with enough rigidity to avoid excessive deflections. Finite element analysis (FEA) plays an important role in all stages of frame designs. While being accurate, 3D solid element FEA models are built upon frame configuration details which are not feasible in the preliminary design stage, partially because of limited available design data of frames and heavy computation costs. This research develops 1D beam element FEA models for simulating frame structures. In this paper, the CAD model of a truck frame is first created. The solid element FEA analysis, which is adopted as the baseline in this study, is subsequently conducted for the stiffness of the frame, Next, beam element FEA analysis is performed for validating the feasibility of the beam element FEA model by comparing the results from the solid and beam element FEA models. It is found that the beam element FEA model can predict the frame stiffness with acceptable accuracy and reduce the computation cost significantly.

Effects of edge beams on mechanic behavior under lateral load in reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structure

In order to get the formulae for calculating the equivalent frame width coefficient of reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structures with edge beam,the finite element structural program was used in the elastic analysis of reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structure with different dimensions to study internal relationship between effective beam width and the frame dimensions.In addition,the formulas for calculating the increasing coefficient of edge beam were also obtained.

Influence of the column-to-beam flexural strength ratio on the failure mode of beam-column connections in RC frames

The column-to-beam flexural strength ratio(CBFSR)has been used in many seismic codes to achieve the strong column-weak beam(SCWB)failure mode in reinforced concrete(RC)frames,in which plastic hinges appear earlier in beams than in columns.However,seismic investigations show that the required limit of CBFSR in seismic codes usually cannot achieve the SCWB failure mode under strong earthquakes.This study investigates the failure modes of RC frames with different CBFSRs.Nine typical three-story RC frame models with different CBFSRs are designed in accordance with Chinese seismic codes.The seismic responses and failure modes of the frames are investigated through time-history analyses using 100 ground motion records.The results show that the required limit of the CBFSR that guarantees the SCWB failure mode depends on the beam-column connection type and the seismic intensity,and different types of beam-column connections exhibit different failure modes even though they are designed with the same CBFSR.Recommended CBFSRs are proposed for achieving the designed SCWB failure mode for different types of connections in RC frames under different seismic intensities.These results may provide some reference for further revisions of the SCWB design criterion in Chinese seismic codes.

钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能

目的 研究钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能,为工程应用提供设计依据。方法 应用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对比钢管混凝土键连接与现浇连接梁墙的结构受剪性能,分析前者受剪机理及不同因素对受剪性能的影响。结果 钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构承载力和延性系数较现浇结构分别提高约10%和34%;钢材强度从Q235到Q390,初始刚度增加8.44%;截面高度从100 mm到120 mm,延性系数提高17.73%;截面厚度每增加2 mm,承载力提高约15%;截面长度和混凝土强度等级对承载力、初始刚度和延性系数的影响均小于15%,纵向距离对其受剪性能几乎无影响。结论 采用钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构总体受剪性能优于现浇结构;钢材强度和截面厚度分别是影响初始刚度和承载力的主要因素。

基于转动摩擦铰阻尼器的干式装配梁-柱节点抗震性能试验

基于转动摩擦铰阻尼器(RFHD),提出了转动摩擦耗能干式装配梁-柱节点(DRFDBJ)。为了验证DRFDBJ结构对于实现预期力学性能的可行性和合理性,以施加在摩擦片表面的螺栓预紧力(P_(c))为变量,开展了2个工况下的DRFDBJ试件低周往复拟静力试验研究。结果表明:DRFDBJ结构的力学性能主要由RFHD提供并控制,试验中节点呈现了稳定的承载力和理想的变形、耗能能力,并实现了预期的损伤集中;2个不同P_(c)水准下节点承载力的试验值与理论值误差不超过5%,通过调整P_(c)可实现节点承载力的调控,为DRFDBJ结构承载力的可调控提供了支撑。

杭州电竞中心结构设计重难点概述

杭州电竞中心内圈主体结构采用钢框架-支撑结构,外圈采用“大倾角梭形斜柱+多段钢折梁框架”,是集承重与抗侧力于一体的结构体系,屋盖采用车辐式索承网格自平衡结构形式。详细介绍了地下结构、中央场馆结构的设计要点,门厅处利用建筑造型空间设计为多段钢折梁与跨层桁架相结合的结构形式;室内二层至三层楼面设计一浮空弧形人行桥,截面形式为薄壁钢箱梁,桥宽2.2m,跨度57m,采用“上挂下支”的稳定结构形式。对整体结构进行了静力弹性、动力弹塑性、振动台试验、典型节点有限元、整体稳定以及局部稳定等系列分析与试验。结果表明:结构在静力荷载和地震作用下强度和刚度均满足规范要求;典型节点极限承载力为荷载设计值的4.17倍;结构整体稳定性安全系数为3.79;斜柱局部稳定安全系数为2.52。合理的设计保证了结构的安全、经济和实用性。

装配式型钢混凝土叠合框架梁连接节点构造设置与安全分析

住房和城乡建设部印发《“十四五”建筑业发展规划》提出大力发展装配式建筑、推动生产和施工智能化升级的主要任务。而国内目前采用的预制叠合框架梁存在着跨度大自重大吊装成本高、预制梁柱节点位置易发生钢筋碰撞吊装定位难度大等问题,限制了装配式建筑结构的发展。结合实际工程项目,提出一种新型的装配式型钢混凝土叠合框架梁,并对该叠合梁的构造设置、连接方式及安全性进行分析,从而为装配式框架结构、框架—剪力墙结构等装配式建筑中框架梁的深化设计提供一种新的拆分方案。

功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展

钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)混合框架结构以其结合了混凝土优异的抗压性能及钢材优异的抗弯性能而受到广泛关注,而可恢复功能结构以其震后快速恢复使用功能的能力,也成为地震工程界研究的新热点。功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构可以在弯矩较大的梁端和柱脚部位设置可更换构件,实现结构的功能可恢复能力。文中简述了近年来功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展,重点关注各类型功能可恢复钢梁、功能可恢复摇摆柱脚的构造研究,介绍了功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构性能分析研究进展。最后,对功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构仍需深入研究的问题进行了展望。

地震作用下掉层钢框架结构抗倒塌能力分析

采用PERFORM-3D程序对掉层钢框架结构进行了抗震倒塌能力研究。考虑不同的掉层情况和结构措施,设计了2个普通钢框架结构模型和4个掉层钢框架结构模型(其中2个模型带拉梁加强),利用增量动力分析方法对上述钢框架模型进行了易损性分析和抗震倒塌能力评估。结果表明,掉层钢框架结构的抗震倒塌能力与掉层数关系不大;采用拉梁加强的掉层钢框架,上接地侧的抗震倒塌能力和抗震倒塌安全储备性能有所提高,但掉层侧的抗震倒塌能力和抗地震倒塌安全储备降低;增加拉梁的数量对该类结构影响不大,但会改变其破坏模式;上接地侧倒塌模式下,上接地一层是上接地侧最薄弱的楼层;掉层侧倒塌模式下,上接地二层是掉层侧最薄弱的楼层。

钢框架-偏心支撑结构消能梁暗置侧向支撑设计

在钢框架-偏心支撑结构中,针对钢结构住宅等建筑中不能接受常规消能梁侧向支撑的情况,设计了一种在消能梁段端部的楼板内设置型钢连接件及暗梁组成的暗置侧向支撑。有限元模拟分析表明,在规范规定的消能梁段下翼缘侧向水平荷载的作用下,该消能梁暗置侧向支撑能显著减小消能梁的扭转变形和侧向弯曲变形;在考虑消能梁上局部楼板失效的情况下,暗置侧向支撑也能提供消能梁合适的扭转约束刚度。通过某工程的原位静荷载试验,验证了该暗置支撑对消能梁发挥的预期侧向支撑作用。

钢结构梁柱加固节点框架损伤演化过程数值模拟分析

为研究不同因素对钢结构梁柱加固节点框架演化过程损伤的影响,选择4个钢结构梁柱加固节点框架试件作为实验对象,在其他条件不变基础上,改变试件轴压比、钢盖板厚度以及混凝土强度,用ABAQUS软件对钢结构梁柱加固节点框架进行模拟,观察损伤演化过程的应力云图情况,并对屈服位移与峰值位移进行统计。结果表明:轴压比以及钢盖板厚度对受力性能影响不大,混凝土强度对受力性能影响较大,并且随着混凝土强度的增加,钢结构梁柱加固节点框架的承载力也在增加,在节点框架设计时,应适当增加混凝土强度,提高节点框架承载力。

可恢复功能装配式钢框架梁柱节点力学性能研究

装配式钢结构具有施工快、工期短、污染小的优点。基于此,提出一种由方钢管柱、H型钢梁、保险丝、高强螺栓和现浇楼板组成的可恢复功能装配式钢框架梁柱节点,并变换保险丝处梁间缝隙宽度、保险丝长细比和保险丝屈服强度三个参数,共建立了13个有限元模型进行分析。研究结果表明:保险丝能够实现损伤控制,保护主体结构免受损伤;保险丝处梁间缝隙宽度大于5mm时,可以保证梁段不发生碰撞,损伤集中在保险丝处,工程应用中建议采用10mm的缝隙宽度;保险丝长细比为43时,能够保证可恢复功能装配式钢框架梁柱节点具有足够的承载能力;当主体结构选用Q345B钢材时,保险丝宜采用Q235B钢材,以实现保险丝的损伤控制。

RCS混合节点抗剪承载力计算方法对比研究

为研究适用性强的钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)混合节点抗剪承载力计算方法,对近年来的RCS节点剪切破坏试验数据进行了统计,将试验结果与中国规程方法、Nishiyama方法、Parra方法和ASCE指南方法计算结果进行了对比,并对各方法的参数适用性进行了讨论。对比结果表明:4种方法均具有工程实用价值,其中Parra方法结果离散性最小,中国规程方法计算最为简便。参数分析表明:4种方法对不同配箍率和不同位置节点均有较好适用性,但对小轴压比节点(轴压比0~0.2)与柱贯通节点预测均偏于保守;中国规程方法对于混凝土强度高于60 MPa的节点预测结果偏于危险,同时对有直交梁节点承载力预测偏于保守。建议在公式中引入混凝土强度系数和直交梁约束系数,用以考虑两者对承载力的影响。

高铁大跨双肢墩连续刚构桥减震系梁地震易损性分析

为了解地震作用下减震系梁对高铁大跨双肢墩连续刚构桥的减震效果,以某主跨180 m的山区高铁双肢墩连续刚构桥为背景,分别建立采用钢筋混凝土(RC)系梁、2种新型减震系梁(可屈服钢系梁与斜交筒式黏弹性阻尼器系梁)方案的全桥有限元模型,对比分析不同系梁方案下的结构损伤、桥面平顺性指标等。结果表明:2种新型减震系梁均不会在地震作用下出现负刚度,新型减震系梁方案较RC系梁方案能有效降低系梁和主墩的结构损伤概率,主墩最大压应变降低83.3%;但减震系梁对震后桥面平顺性指标无明显改善,需采用更具针对性的技术措施。

深圳京基东滨时代大厦超限高层塔楼结构设计

深圳京基东滨时代大厦塔楼为框架-核心筒结构,结构高度194.35m,属于超B级高度的超限高层建筑,四角及南北两侧均设有L形墙或一字形墙与框架梁平面外相接。为满足建筑功能需求,2层取消了大量楼板和外框架与核心筒相连的框架梁,形成跃层柱。41层东西两侧外框柱均往内收进,需设置托柱转换梁。以上难点增加了结构设计难度。采用性能化设计,有针对性地对关键部位采取相应的加强措施,并对特殊部位进行专项分析,如L形墙或一字形墙等特殊墙体、跃层柱、托柱转换梁等。通过弹塑性动力时程分析考察整体结构的抗震性能。计算结果表明:该结构抗震性能均能达到设计的预期目标。

分体式全灌浆套筒连接在装配式框架结构梁柱节点中的应用

装配式框架结构是国际上公认的最适合装配的结构形式之一,但由于传统的梁柱节点内梁筋连接方法存在诸多难点,一定程度上限制了装配式框架结构在国内的发展。介绍了一种适用于小空间梁柱节点内钢筋对接连接的新型分体式全灌浆套筒,并在装配式框架结构项目中进行了应用实践,总结了分体式全灌浆套筒连接应用过程中节点深化设计、构件生产及安装施工的要点等。项目实施结果表明,分体式全灌浆套筒连接可有效缩短所需的安装操作空间,可以实现构件标准化设计、方便构件生产、加快现场安装速度。

梁端铰接钢管混凝土框架-核心筒结构的减震研究

梁端铰接钢管混凝土框架-核心筒结构很好地解决了传统双重抗侧体系由于节点焊接而带来的系列问题,但不可避免地对结构抗震性能产生影响,因此,亟需针对此类结构的消能减震研究。本文以30层梁端铰接的钢管混凝土柱-混凝土核心筒结构为研究对象,通过引入不同构造形式的消能黏滞阻尼伸臂形成减震层,利用OpenSees有限元软件对结构进行弹塑性时程分析,优选出最佳构造形式,并据此对比设置一道及两道减震层时,结构在罕遇地震下减震性能及黏滞阻尼器的阻尼系数和速度指数变化对设置一道减震层结构抗震性能的影响分析。研究结果表明:竖向斜撑型减震层对结构顶点位移、层间位移角、基底剪力的控制效果及自身的耗能效果最佳,而两道减震层结构的综合性能要略优于一道减震层结构,但一道减震层结构对减震层位置变化更敏感,且当减震层位于结构1/3 H层高时减震效果最佳;阻尼系数与速度指数过大或过小均会对结构产生不利影响,而速度指数能有效降低结构的层间位移角,但应注意所带来的位移突变和基底剪力增大问题。