Assessing the Impact of General Anesthesia and Bronchial Intubation in Conjunction with Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block on Cellular Immunity and Surgical Management in Tuberculous Pyothorax Patients

Objective:This study aims to investigate the impact of combining general anesthesia with bronchial intubation and thoracic paravertebral nerve block during surgery for patients with tuberculous pyothorax.Methods:Eighty patients diagnosed with tuberculous pyothorax,admitted to the hospital between January 2023 and September 2023,were randomly selected for this study.The patients were divided into control and study groups using a numerical table method.The control group underwent general anesthesia with bronchial intubation,while the study group received general anesthesia with bronchial intubation in conjunction with thoracic paravertebral nerve block.Subsequently,the patients were monitored to assess mean arterial pressure,heart rate variations,and adverse reactions to anesthesia.Results:The study group exhibited significantly lower mean arterial pressure and heart rate levels during the post-surgical incision,immediate end of surgery,and immediate extubation periods compared to the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the Ricker and Ramsay scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined use of general anesthesia via bronchial intubation and thoracic paravertebral nerve block has been found to stabilize mean arterial pressure and heart rate while providing effective sedation for surgical treatment in patients with tuberculous septic thorax.

Ultrasound-guided sphenopalatine ganglion block for effective analgesia during awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation: A case report

BACKGROUND Awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation(AFNI)is the preferred airway ma-nagement strategy for patients with difficult airways.However,this procedure can cause significant physical and psychological distress.This case report explores the application of a sphenopalatine ganglion(SPG)block as an alternative anal-gesic modality to mitigate the discomfort associated with AFNI.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female with a history of right maxillary osteosarcoma underwent craniotomy for a suspected malignant brain lesion.The patient’s medical history included prior surgery,chemotherapy,and radiation therapy,resulting in signi-ficant jaw impairment and limited neck mobility.Considering the anticipated air-way challenges,AFNI was planned.A SPG block was performed under real-time ultrasound guidance,providing effective analgesia during nasotracheal intuba-tion.CONCLUSION The SPG block represents a promising analgesic approach in AFNI,offering po-tential benefits in alleviating pain involving the nasal and nasopharyngeal regions as well as improving patient cooperation.

General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation ensures the quick removal of magnetic foreign bodies:A case report

BACKGROUND The incidence of ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract has been increasing year by year.Due to their strong magnetic attraction,if multiple gastrointestinal foreign bodies enter the small intestine,it can lead to serious complications such as intestinal perforation,necrosis,torsion,and bleeding.Severe cases require surgical intervention.CASE SUMMARY We report a 6-year-old child who accidentally swallowed multiple magnetic balls.Under timely and safe anesthesia,the magnetic balls were quickly removed through gastroscopy before entering the small intestine.CONCLUSION General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation can ensure full anesthesia under the condition of fasting for less than 6 h.In order to prevent magnetic foreign bodies from entering the small intestine,timely and effective measures must be taken to remove the foreign bodies.

Effects of dexmedetomidine + propofol intervention during general anesthesia induction on endotracheal intubation

Objective:To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine + propofol intervention during general anesthesia induction on endotracheal intubation.Methods: A total of 218 patients receiving tracheal intubation general anesthesia in the hospital between January 2017 and December 2017 were divided into the control group (n=109) and the dexmedetomidine group (n=109) by random number table method. Control group underwent routine propofol anesthesia induction and dexmedetomidine group underwent dexmedetomidine anesthesia induction on the basis of propofol. The differences in the severity of inflammatory response and stress response were compared between the two groups of patients after general anesthesia induction (T0), 1 min after endotracheal intubation (T1), 5 min after endotracheal intubation (T2) and 10 min after endotracheal intubation (T3).Results:At T0, there was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of inflammatory factors and stress hormones between the two groups. At T1, T2 and T3, serum inflammatory factors CRP, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels of dexmedetomidine group were lower than those of control group;serum stress hormones ACTH, Cor, NE, AngⅠ and AngⅡ levels were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine + propofol general anesthesia induction can effectively reduce the inflammatory stress response caused by endotracheal intubation.

Study on Effect of Laryngeal Mask Anesthesia and Endotracheal Intubation Anesthesia on Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gallbladder Surgery

Objective:To analyze the effect of laryngeal mask anesthesia and endotracheal intubation anesthesia in elderly laparoscopic gallbladder surgery.Methods:100 subjects of the experiment came from elderly patients with gallbladder stones admitted from September 2016 to September 2019 in our hospital.There were group A and group B of 50 cases each,and were used tube anesthesia and laryngeal mask anesthesia,then comparing the anesthesia effect.Results:Statistical significance(P<0.05):Air pressure and end-respiratory carbon dioxide partial pressure index changes when immediately after insertion,immediately after removal,3 minutes after removal;heart rate,mean arterial pressure,airway pressure,and end-expiratory carbon dioxide index changes when 3 minutes after insertion and immediately before removal;blood glucose and cortisol changes when after insertion,immediately before removal and min after removal.No statistical significance(P>0.05):Changes in heart rate,mean arterial pressure,airway pressure,and endexpiratory carbon dioxide indexes before insertion;changes in blood glucose and cortisol indexes before insertion.Conclusion:It is more ideal for elderly patients with abdominal cavity and gallbladder surgery to have laryngeal mask anesthesia,which can effectively keep blood circulation stable and have promotion value.

The incidence of oxygen desaturation during rapid sequence induction and intubation

BACKGROUND: Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII) is an emergency airway management technique for patients with a risk of pulmonary aspiration. It involves preoxygenation, administration of predetermined doses of induction and paralytic drugs, avoidance of mask ventilation, and laryngoscopy followed by tracheal intubation and keeping cricoid pressure applied till endotracheal tube cuff be inflated. Oxygen desaturation has been seen during RSII. We assessed the incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII.METHODS: An institution-based observational study was conducted from March 3 to May 4, 2014 in our hospital. All patients who were operated upon under general anesthesia with RSII during the study period were included. A checklist was prepared for data collection.RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 91.6%. Appropriate drugs for RSII, equipments for RSII, equipments for diffi cult intubation, suction machine with a catheter, a monitor and an oxygen backup such as ambu bag were not prepared for 41(26.8%), 50(32.7%), 51(33.3%), 38(24.8%) and 25(16.3%) patients respectively. Cricoid pressure was not applied at all for 17(11.1%) patients and 53(34.6%) patients were ventilated after induction of anesthesia but before intubation and endotracheal cuff inflation. A total of 55(35.9%) patients desaturated during RSII(SPO2<95%). The minimum, maximum and mean oxygen desaturations were 26%, 94% and 70.9% respectively. The oxygen desaturation was in the range of <50%, 50%–64%, 65%–74%, 75%–84%, 85%–89 % and 90%–94% for 6(3.9%), 7(4.6%), 5(3.3%), 10(6.5%), 13(8.5%) and 14(9.2%) patients respectively.CONCLUSION: The incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII was high in our hospital. Preoperative patient optimization and training about the techniques of RSII should be emphasized.

EFFECTS OF ALFENTANIL AND ESMOLOL ON HEMODYNAMIC AND CATECHOLAMINE RESPONSE TO TRACHEAL INTUBATION

Objective.To compare the effects of alfentanil and esmolol on hemodynamic and catecholamine response to tracheal intubation. Methods.Thirty five adult patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups,Group A(control group),Group B(esmolol group)and Group C(alfentanil group).The patients received either 2 mg/kg esmolol(in Group B)or 30 μg/kg alfentanil(in Group C)before intubation.Tracheal intubation was performed with 4 mg/kg thiopental and 0 1 mg/kg vecuronium and 3% isoflurane.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),mean blood pressure(MBP),heart rate(HR),norepinephrine(NE),epinephrine(E)and dopamine(DA)were measured before and after intubation. Results.The control group had a baseline SBP of 149±23 mmHg while Groups B,C had a baseline SBP of 148±23,and 150±21mmHg,respectively(P>0 05).Three min after tracheal intubation,the control group SBP increased to 160±30 mmHg and Group B remained at the baseline level,147±5 mmHg,and Group C significantly decreased to 91±22 mmHg(P<0 01).Two min after intubation HR in Group B increased significantly but 3 min after intubation HR in Groups B and C were significantly lower than that of control group(P<0 05).NE in Groups A and B increased significantly to 5 75±3 51 and 6 75±3 30 nmol/L 3 min after intubation(P<0 01).In Group C,3 min after intubation NE was not significantly different from the baseline but E decreased significantly(P<0 01). Conclusion.2 mg/kg esmolol can moderate the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation to a certain extent and 30μg/kg alfentanil can completely attenuate the hemodynamic and catecholamine responses.

Techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation at a university teaching hospital

BACKGROUND: Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII) is a medical procedure involving a prompt induction of general anesthesia by using cricoid pressure that prevents regurgitation of gastric contents. The factors affecting RSII are prophylaxis for aspiration, preoxygenation, drug and equipment preparation for RSII, ventilation after induction till intubation and patient condition. We sometimes saw diffi culties with the practice of this technique in our hospital operation theatres. The aim of this study was to assess the techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation.METHODS: Hospital based observational study was conducted with a standardized checklist. All patients who were operated upon under general anesthesia during the study period were included. The techniques of RSII were observed during the induction of anesthesia by trained anesthetists.RESULTS: Altogether 140 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 95.2%. Prophylaxis was not given to 130 patients(92.2%), and appropriate drugs were not used for RSII in 73 patients(52.1%), equipments for diffi cult intubation in 21(15%), suction machines with catheter not connected and turned on in 122(87.1%), ventilation for patients after induction and before intubation in 41(29.3%), cricoid pressure released before cuff inflation in 12(12.1%), and difficult intubation in 8(5.7%), respectively. RSII with cricoid pressure was applied appropriately in 94(67.1%) patients, but cricoid pressure was not used in 46(32.9%) patients.CONCLUSIONS: The techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation was low. Training should be given for anesthetists about the techniques of RSII.

Digital Intubation without Stylet: Myth or Reality? Case Report

Digital intubation was discovered as one of the first methods to face a difficult airway without direct laryngoscopy. From the very beginning, this technique has been surrounded by much controversy, mainly because it required to be performed by an expert. Nowadays, it remains a useful technique when treating patients with difficult airways, so it is of utmost importance all personnel involved with airway management must know and perfect this technique when scenarios where conventional laryngoscopy or rescue devices for difficult airway are not available or contraindicated. The present work’s main objective is to suggest digital intubation as a safe and effective technique for the management of patients with difficult airways when there are no other devices available. The authors present a successful case of digital intubation on a patient with a difficult airway, demonstrating this technique is useful when performed by expert practitioners and when there is no other equipment available.

Obstetric Anesthesia Practice Significantly Evolved: A Field for Cesarean Delivery Parturient for the Provision of Safe Anesthesia in Urgent Circumstances

General anesthesia and Obstetric Anesthesia is the gold standard for a cesarean section but there are some cases where general anesthesia is unavoidable. The use of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery has decreased in recent years due to the widespread use of neuraxial techniques. The choice of anesthesia techniques for cesarean delivery depends on several factors, including the patient’s psychology and the attending physician’s experience. It is chosen because of its safety profile and its benefits to the mother and fetus. It may be indicated due to emergency, maternal refusal of regional techniques, or regional contraindications. Major complications include failed intubation, gastric content aspiration, and increased bleeding risk. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a newly launched team on obstetric anesthesia practice.

Double balloon enteroscopy examinations in general anesthesia

AIM:To demonstrate that the double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) can be safely performed in general anesthesia with intubation.METHODS:We performed a retrospective examination between August 2005 and November 2008 amongpatients receiving intubation narcosis due to DBE examination.The patients were grouped based on sex,age and physical status.Anesthesia records includedduration of anesthesia,quantity of medication usedand anesthesia-related complications.We determinedthe frequency of complications in the different groupsand their relation with the quantity of medication usedand the duration of anesthesia.RESULTS:We compiled data for 108 cases of general anesthesia with intubation.We did not observeany permanent anesthesia-related complications;themost frequent side effects of anesthesia were hypo-tension(30.55%),desaturation(21.29%),and apnea(17.59%).These complications were significantly more frequent among patients with multiple additional diseases [hypotension(23.1% vs 76.9%,P = 0.005),desaturation(12.3% vs 69.2%,P < 0.001) and apnea(7.7% vs 53.8%,P = 0.001)],however,their incidence was not proportional to the quantity of medication used or the duration of anesthesia.CONCLUSION:General anesthesia with intubation is definitely a viable option among DBE methods.It is highly recommended in patients with multiple additional diseases.

Anesthesia management in a pediatric patient with complicatedly difficult airway:A case report

BACKGROUND Reports on perioperative anesthesia management in pediatric patients with difficult airways are scarce.In addition to relatively more difficulties in the technique of endotracheal intubation,the time for manipulation is restricted compared to adults.Securing the airways safely and avoiding the occurrence of hypoxemia in these patients are of significance.CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy with spastic cerebral palsy,severe malnutrition,thoracic scoliosis,thoracic and airway malformation,laryngomalacia,pneumonia,and epilepsy faced the risk of anesthesia during palliative surgery.After a thorough preoperative evaluation,a detailed scheme for anesthesia and a series of intu-bation tools were prepared by a team of anesthesiologists.Awake fiberoptic intubation is the widely accepted strategy for patients with anticipated difficult airways.Given the age and medical condition of the patient,we kept him sedated with spontaneous breathing during endotracheal intubation.The endotracheal intubation was completed on the second attempt after the failure of the first effort.Fortunately,the surgery was successful without postoperative complications.CONCLUSION Dealing with difficult airways in the pediatric population,proper sedation allows time to intubate without interrupting spontaneous breathing.The appropriate endotracheal intubation method based on the patient’s unique characteristics is the key factor in successful management of these rare cases.

Anesthesia of a patient with congenital cataract,facial dysmorphism,and neuropathy syndrome for posterior scoliosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital cataract,facial dysmorphism,and neuropathy(CCFDN)syndrome is an extremely rare multiorgan disorder.Characteristics include congenital cataracts,facial deformation,extremity deformities,and demyelinating neuropathy.CCFDN syndrome is associated with increased risk during anesthesia including rhabdomyolysis or epileptic seizures.There is a lack of published information about difficult airways in these patients.Difficult airways during intubation represent one of the most dreaded anesthesia complications:A"can not intubate,can not oxygenate"scenario.Presented herein is the first described successful endotracheal intubation of a CCFDN syndrome patient.CASE SUMMARY We report the anesthetic management of a 13-year-old girl with CCFDN syndrome scheduled for posterior neuromuscular scoliosis correction surgery.The patient suffered from extensive progressive neuromuscular scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 83°.Her limitations included neuropathy and a scoliotic curve.This condition negatively impacted her quality of life.This case reflects the potential anesthetic complications for posterior scoliosis correction and CCFDN syndrome.The challenge for our anesthetic team was the limited amount of data about anesthetic management of this condition.In total,one case report without any data about endotracheal intubation of patients with this condition was available.Endotracheal intubation in our case was uncomplicated.Another focus of our case was the prevention of possible complications associated with this syndrome,including rhabdomyolysis and seizures.Rhabdomyolysis can be triggered by some types of anesthetic agents like suxamethonium or volatile anesthetics,especially in patients with certain types of myopathies.CONCLUSION Adequate understanding of the anesthetic management of CCFDN syndrome can reduce perioperative complications and improve patient outcome after surgery.

Clinical Observation of Double Tube Laryngeal Mask in Fast-Track Anesthesia for Limb Orthopedic Surgery in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Objective: To compare and analyze the effect and safety of double tube laryngeal mask and endotracheal intubation general anesthesia in fast track anesthesia for limb orthopaedic surgery in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: 78 children with cerebral palsy undergoing limb orthopedic surgery were randomly divided into laryngeal mask group and intubation group, with 39 cases in each group. The perioperative hemodynamic indexes, anesthesia effect related indexes, anesthesia related complications or adverse reaction rates of the two groups were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: When the two groups of children entered the room, there was no significant difference in MAP and HR (P > 0.05);MAP and HR of children in the intubation group were higher than those in the laryngeal mask anesthesia group (P Conclusion: Laryngeal mask is used to establish the airway of intravenous general anesthesia in limb orthopaedic surgery of children with cerebral palsy, which is conducive to the stability of children’s circulatory and respiratory system, to reduce the impact of narcotic drugs on children, to reduce the incidence of postoperative anesthesia related complications, and to improve the anesthetic effect. It meets the requirements of fast track anesthesia, and can be widely used in clinical practice.

小型猪气管插管时异氟醚半数有效剂量的探索

目的本研究拟探讨小剂量舒泰(1.5 mg/kg)肌注复合异氟烷吸入用于保留自主呼吸的小型猪气管插管时50%和95%有效的异氟烷最小肺泡气浓度(50%and 95%minimum alveolar concentrations effective inhaled,MAC EI50and MAC EI95),为小型猪提供安全的麻醉插管方法。方法44例全身麻醉的巴马小型猪,肌注舒泰镇静后,面罩吸入异氟烷进行麻醉诱导,监测心率、血压、呼吸、体温、氧饱和度、呼末二氧化碳浓度和呼末异氟烷浓度。初始呼末异氟烷浓度设置为2.0%,采用Cooper’s评分评价气管插管满意度,采用Dixon’s改良序贯法测算剂量-效应关系。Probit回归法计算MAC EI50和MAC EI95及95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)。结果小剂量舒泰复合异氟烷吸入诱导直接喉镜气管插管时,小型猪肺泡气浓度的MAC EI503.10%(95%CI 2.79%~3.56%),MAC EI953.77%(95%CI 3.41%~6.42%);在做好监测和气道管理预案的基础上,肺泡异氟烷浓度3.10%~3.75%,均能保证小型猪生命体征稳定。结论舒泰复合异氟烷吸入用于保留自主呼吸的小型猪气管插管是建立小型猪经口气道较好且安全的麻醉方法,具有推广价值。

PBL与SimMan3G模拟教学相结合在麻醉专科护士气管插管培训中的应用

目的:探讨PBL与SimMan3G模拟教学相结合在麻醉专科护士气管插管培训中的应用效果。方法:以麻醉专科护士为研究对象,随机分为LBL组、PBL组、PBL+SM组,培训结束前进行理论与操作考核,并对授课效果及满意度进行问卷调查。结果:PBL+SM组和PBL组理论成绩高于LBL组,PBL+SM组气管插管技能成绩高于LBL组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);问卷调查显示授课效果,PBL+SM组高于PBL组和LBL组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);护士更认可PBL结合SimMan 3G模拟教学的模式,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:PBL结合SimMan 3G模拟教学模式有助于提高麻醉专科护士学习热情,巩固其基础知识,掌握插管技术。

瑞马唑仑、丙泊酚在气管插管全身麻醉老年腹部手术患者中的应用比较

目的:探究瑞马唑仑、丙泊酚在气管插管全身麻醉老年腹部手术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1—10月厦门大学附属第一医院收治的110例老年腹部手术患者作为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为瑞马唑仑组和丙泊酚组,每组55例。瑞马唑仑组用瑞马唑仑进行麻醉诱导及麻醉维持,丙泊酚组患者用丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导及麻醉维持。观察两组不同时间点血流动力学[心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)]及术中相关药物使用情况(去甲肾上腺素用量、多巴胺用量)、不同时间点呼吸抑制情况[呼吸频率(RR)、经皮动脉血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))]和微循环灌注情况(血乳酸浓度),以及术后苏醒质量[苏醒时间、Richmond躁动-镇静评分(RASS)]。结果:两组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时的SpO_(2)及T_(2)、T_(3)时的RR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);瑞马唑仑组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时的HR、MAP及T_(1)时的RR均高于丙泊酚组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);瑞马唑仑组去甲肾上腺素用量、多巴胺用量均少于丙泊酚组,血乳酸浓度低于丙泊酚组,苏醒时间短于丙泊酚组,平静率高于丙泊酚组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:瑞马唑仑应用于气管插管全身麻醉老年患者腹部手术中,较丙泊酚对血液流动学及呼吸抑制的影响更小,术后苏醒质量更高。

甘草预防气管插管致呼吸道损伤的有效成分筛选

背景术后咽喉痛(POST)是全身麻醉后常见的轻微但令人不悦的术后并发症之一。研究发现甘草能有效降低POST的发生率,但其有效成分尚不清楚。目的筛选甘草预防气管插管致呼吸道损伤的有效成分。方法2021年4月—2022年7月将60只SPF级Wistar大鼠依据随机数字表法分为对照组、气管插管组、利多卡因组、总多糖组、总皂苷组、总黄酮组,每组10只。除对照组外,其余组制备气管插管模型,插管前各治疗组按1 mL/100 g(按体质量计)分别经口喷入1%利多卡因、总多糖、总皂苷、总黄酮,浸润悬雍垂及软腭周围组织,对照组和气管插管组经口喷入等体积0.9%氯化钠溶液。机械通气2 h后拔除气管导管,深麻醉下收集大鼠咽部黏膜组织和血液标本,通过苏木精-伊红染色法(HE染色)和免疫组化(IHC)观察大鼠咽部黏膜病理变化和Toll样受体2(TLR2)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达水平;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素(IL)-2、IL-4、IL-10]、氧化应激[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)]及应激激素[皮质醇(Cor)、肾上腺素(E)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)]表达水平。结果HE染色显示气管插管组可见黏膜脱落,黏膜下结构严重破坏并伴有大量炎性细胞浸润,总皂苷组大鼠咽部黏膜组织破坏较轻,炎性细胞明显减少。ELISA结果显示:与对照组相比,气管插管组大鼠血清中的TNF-α、IL-2水平升高,IL-4、IL-10水平降低(P<0.05);与气管插管组相比,总皂苷组大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-2水平降低,IL-4和IL-10水平升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,气管插管组大鼠血清中MDA水平升高,SOD和T-AOC水平下降(P<0.05);与气管插管组相比,总皂苷组和总黄酮组大鼠血清中MDA水平降低,SOD和T-AOC水平升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,气管插管组大鼠血清Cor、E和NE水平升高(P<0.05);与气管插管组相比,总皂苷组大鼠血清Cor、E和NE水平降低(P<0.05)。IHC结果显示:气管插管组大鼠咽部黏膜组织TLR2和TLR4表达的平均光密度(AOD)高于对照组(P<0.05)。与气管插管组相比,总皂苷组大鼠咽部黏膜组织TLR4表达的AOD降低(P<0.05)。结论甘草预防全身麻醉气管插管致呼吸道损伤的主要有效成分为总皂苷。

全身麻醉气管插管病人术后咽喉疼痛危险因素的研究进展

对国内外全身麻醉气管插管术后咽喉疼痛危险因素进行综述,总结术后咽喉疼痛的危险因素主要包括病人自身因素、气管导管因素、麻醉因素和手术因素,旨在为围术期气道管理提供理论依据,加强临床护士对术后咽喉疼痛的重视程度,提高对高危病人的识别能力,降低术后咽喉疼痛发生率,促使病人快速康复。

瑞马唑仑复合瑞芬太尼行非插管全身麻醉在下肢深静脉血栓AngioJet机械血栓清除术中的安全性及有效性研究

目的:探讨瑞马唑仑复合瑞芬太尼行非插管全身麻醉用于下肢深静脉血栓AngioJet机械血栓清除术的安全性及有效性。方法:纳入2021年10月至2023年10月于临沂市人民医院行下肢深静脉血栓AngioJet机械血栓清除术的患者120例,采用随机数字表法分为非插管全身麻醉组(n=60)与清醒镇静组(n=60)。非插管全身麻醉组患者行瑞马唑仑复合瑞芬太尼非插管全身麻醉,清醒镇静组患者行清醒镇静麻醉。比较两组患者入室(T_(1))、靶血管穿刺(T_(2))、喷洒药物(T_(3))、喷洒药物后15 min(T_(4))、吸栓(T_(5))、手术结束5 min(T_(6))、术后1 h(T_(7))、术后4 h(T_(8))、术后12 h(T_(9))时的血流动力学指标,包括收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心排血量(CO)、外周血管阻力(SVR)、每搏输出量、心率。记录并比较两组患者术中和术后抗高血压药使用情况、血红蛋白尿及不良事件发生情况、靶血管穿刺时间、患者满意度评分及医师满意度评分。结果:(1)T_(1)—T_(9)时,两组患者的SBP、DBP组内比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组患者的SBP、DBP均在T_(3)时开始升高,T_(9)时恢复正常。非插管全身麻醉组患者在T_(2)—T_(5)时的SBP、DBP较清醒镇静组显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(2)T_(1)—T_(6)时,两组患者的SVR、CO组内比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。T_(3)—T_(6)时两组患者的SVR逐渐升高,T_(2)—T_(5)时两组患者的CO逐渐降低。在T_(2)—T_(6)各时间点,非插管全身麻醉组患者的SVR较清醒镇静组显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在T_(3)—T_(6)各时间点,非插管全身麻醉组患者的CO较清醒镇静组显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)非插管全身麻醉组的医师满意度评分、患者满意度评分较清醒镇静组显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(4)非插管全身麻醉组患者术中抗高血压药使用率、体动发生率、术中严重高血压及高血压亚急症发生率均较清醒镇静组显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:瑞马唑仑复合瑞芬太尼行非插管全身麻醉在下肢深静脉血栓AngioJet机械血栓清除术中具有较好的安全性及有效性。