Iterative Learning Fault Diagnosis Algorithm for Non-uniform Sampling Hybrid System

For a class of non-uniform output sampling hybrid system with actuator faults and bounded disturbances,an iterative learning fault diagnosis algorithm is proposed.Firstly,in order to measure the impact of fault on system between every consecutive output sampling instants,the actual fault function is transformed to obtain an equivalent fault model by using the integral mean value theorem,then the non-uniform sampling hybrid system is converted to continuous systems with timevarying delay based on the output delay method.Afterwards,an observer-based fault diagnosis filter with virtual fault is designed to estimate the equivalent fault,and the iterative learning regulation algorithm is chosen to update the virtual fault repeatedly to make it approximate the actual equivalent fault after some iterative learning trials,so the algorithm can detect and estimate the system faults adaptively.Simulation results of an electro-mechanical control system model with different types of faults illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this algorithm.

Optimal Bayesian Sampling Plans Based on Hybrid Type-Ⅱ Censored Samples

The Bayesian sampling plans for exponential distributions are studied based on type-Ⅱ hybrid censored samples. The optimal Bayesian sampling plan is derived under a general loss function which includes the sampling cost, time-consuming cost, salvage value,and decision loss. It is employed to determine the Bayes risk and the corresponding optimal sampling plan. An explicit expression of the Bayes risk is derived. Furthermore,for the conjugate prior distribution,the closed-form formula of the Bayes decision rule can be obtained under either the linear or quadratic decision loss.

A Hybrid Importance Sampling Algorithm for Estimating VaR under the Jump Diffusion Model

Value at Risk (VaR) is an important tool for estimating the risk of a financial portfolio under significant loss. Although Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool for estimating VaR, it is quite inefficient since the event of significant loss is usually rare. Previous studies suggest that the performance of the Monte Carlo simulation can be improved by impor-tance sampling if the market returns follow the normality or the distributions. The first contribution of our paper is to extend the importance sampling method for dealing with jump-diffusion market returns, which can more precisely model the phenomenon of high peaks, heavy tails, and jumps of market returns mentioned in numerous empirical study papers. This paper also points out that for portfolios of which the huge loss is triggered by significantly distinct events, naively applying importance sampling method can result in poor performance. The second contribution of our paper is to develop the hybrid importance sampling method for the aforementioned problem. Our method decomposes a Monte Carlo simulation into sub simulations, and each sub simulation focuses only on one huge loss event. Thus the perform-ance for each sub simulation is improved by importance sampling method, and overall performance is optimized by determining the allotment of samples to each sub simulation by Lagrange’s multiplier. Numerical experiments are given to verify the superiority of our method.

Decentralized PD Control for Non-uniform Motion of a Hamiltonian Hybrid System

In this paper, a decentralized proportional-derivative （PD） controller design for non-uniform motion of a Hamiltonian hybrid system is considered. A Hamiltonian hybrid system with the capability of producing a non-uniform motion is developed. The structural properties of the system are investigated by means of the theory of Hamiltonian systems. A relationship between the parameters of the system and the parameters of the proposed decentralized PD controller is shown to ensure local stability and tracking performance. Simulation results are included to show the obtained non-uniform motion.

FAST ALGORITHM FOR NON-UNIFORMLY SAMPLED SIGNAL SPECTRUM RECONSTRUCTION

In this paper, a fast algorithm to reconstruct the spectrum of non-uniformly sampled signals is proposed. Compared with the original algorithm, the fast algorithm has a higher computational efficiency, especially when sampling sequence is long. Particularly, a transformation matrix is built, and the reconstructed spectrum is perfectly synthesized from the spectrum of every sampling channel. The fast algorithm has solved efficiency issues of spectrum reconstruction algorithm, and making it possible for the actual application of spectrum reconstruction algorithm in multi-channel Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR).

基于电压-电流采样轨迹的混合直流输电线路纵联保护方法

为提高混合直流输电系统线路保护的抗干扰能力和适用范围,提出一种基于电压-电流采样轨迹的直流输电线路保护方案。首先,从理论上分析了直流线路故障时测量电压与测量电流之间的关系,揭示了区内/外故障时的电压-电流线性度差异。然后,以区外故障时电压-电流所服从的线性模型作为假设模型,将实测数据得到的采样轨迹与假设模型对应的直线进行比对,引入拟合优度指标作为特征量来量化并放大实测数据与假设模型的差异,并进一步给出直流输电线路保护方案。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC中建模并仿真分析了多种因素对所提保护方案的影响,结果表明所提保护方案能够可靠、快速地识别直流输电线路故障,在高阻和强噪声的场景下仍可适用,且无需提取特征频带,无需双端数据严格同步,对于保护装置的采样率要求较低,易实现工程应用。

一种新型可靠性抽样设计方法——基于经济优化视角

混合截尾可以看作是一型截尾及二型截尾的拓展,常用于可靠性试验。然而,在规定时间上限内,当产品失效数远小于截尾数时,现有的可靠性抽样方案可能存在推断偏误。因此,结合已有研究,立足混合截尾,基于经济视角设计出混合截尾下一种新型可靠性抽样方案。通过一系列对比分析,发现新方案可在保留原方案小样本量优点的同时增强判定的可靠性。从缩减企业检验成本的角度出发,应在试验前使检验时间上限尽可能小、截尾度尽可能大。从科学性及实用性角度综合考虑,该方案展现出较优的性质,值得推广使用。

基于多目标PSO混合优化的虚拟样本生成

受限于检测技术难度、高时间与经济成本等原因,难测参数的软测量模型建模样本存在数量少、分布稀疏与不平衡等问题,严重制约了数据驱动模型的泛化性能.针对以上问题,提出一种基于多目标粒子群优化(Multi-objective particle swarm optimization, MOPSO)混合优化的虚拟样本生成(Virtual sample generation, VSG)方法.首先,设计综合学习粒子群优化算法的种群表征机制,使其能够同时编码用于连续变量和离散变量;然后,定义具有多阶段多目标特性的综合学习粒子群优化算法适应度函数,使其能够在确保模型泛化性能的同时最小化虚拟样本数量;最后,提出面向虚拟样本生成的多目标混合优化任务以改进综合学习粒子群优化算法,使其能够适应虚拟样本优选过程的变维特性并提高收敛速度.同时,首次借鉴度量学习提出用于评价虚拟样本质量的综合评价指标和分布相似指标.利用基准数据集和真实工业数据集验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性.

基于拉丁超立方体的改进白骨顶鸡算法

针对白骨顶鸡算法求解工程问题时收敛速度慢,易陷入局部最优等不足,提出一种基于拉丁超立方体的改进白骨顶鸡算法。使用拉丁超立方体抽样增强初始种群的均匀性和多样性;引入非线性决策因子和自适应动态边界机制,提高算法全局搜索和局部开发能力;利用柯西变异对最优解进行扰动,帮助算法跳出局部最优。在16个基准函数、高维函数和工程问题进行仿真,其结果验证,该算法收敛速度和寻优精度良好,在工程问题上具有可行性和有效性。

基于混合采样深度Q网络的水面无人艇逃脱策略

[目的]针对敌方船舶采用合围战术,研究我方无人艇(USV)被敌方船舶包围情况下的逃跑策略规划问题。[方法]提出一种混合采样深度Q网络(HS-DQN)强化学习算法,逐步增加重要样本的回放频率,并保留一定的探索性,防止算法陷入局部最优。设计状态空间、动作空间和奖励函数,通过训练获得最优的USV逃跑策略,并从奖励值和逃脱成功率方面与DQN算法进行对比。[结果]仿真结果表明,使用HSDQN算法进行训练,逃脱成功率提高2%,算法的收敛速度提高了20%。[结论]HS-DQN算法可以减少USV无效探索的次数,并加快算法的收敛速度,仿真实验验证了USV逃跑策略的有效性。

基于ICEEMDAN多尺度熵与NGO-HKELM的转子故障诊断

针对电机转子故障信号非平稳、敏感的故障特征不能有效提取,传统分类器参数智能优化算法存在优化速度慢、调整参数多、易陷入局部最优等问题提出基于ICEEMDAN-MSE-KPCA与NGO-HKELM优化的转子故障诊断方法。首先,采用改进的自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解(improved complete empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,ICEEMDAN)方法对转子振动信号进行分解和重构;计算重构信号的多尺度样本熵(multiscale sample entropy,MSE),形成特征向量,通过核主成分分析(kernel principal component analysis,KPCA)方法对高维的特征向量进行降维;最后,将降维后的特征向量输入北方苍鹰算法(northern goshawk optimization,NGO)优化的混合核极限学习机(hybrid extreme learning machine,HKELM)进行转子故障分类。研究结果表明,基于ICEEMDAN-MSE-KPCA与NGO-HKELM优化的转子故障诊断模型,平均识别准确率可达97.7273%,平均寻优时间为1.0681 s,收敛速度快、准确率高以及分类效果好。

基于边界强化混合采样的两阶段电力系统暂态稳定评估

受制于样本固有的不平衡性,基于数据挖掘的暂态稳定预测方法不易用于工程实践,为此,提出一种基于边界强化混合采样的两阶段暂态稳定评估模型。在第1阶段,利用预训练的级联卷积神经网络模型确定边界和非边界样本集,利用条件生成对抗网络合成边界集失稳样本,并对非边界集稳定样本进行欠采样,以实现边界强化;在第2阶段,利用混合采样后的重构样本集再训练卷积神经网络模型,以更好地挖掘失稳样本的隐含特征,并采用改进后的焦点损失函数加强模型对边界集样本的学习能力。新英格兰39节点系统与南方某省级电网的仿真结果表明,所建模型有效降低了对失稳样本的漏判率,提高了整体预测精度,在样本极不平衡的情况下仍有良好的评估性能。

Use of models in large-area forest surveys： comparing model-assisted, model-based and hybrid estimation

This paper focuses on the use of models for increasing the precision of estimators in large-area forest surveys. It is motivated by the increasing availability of remotely sensed data, which facilitates the development of models predicting the variables of interest in forest surveys. We present, review and compare three different estimation frameworks where models play a core role： model-assisted, model-based, and hybrid estimation. The first two are well known, whereas the third has only recently been introduced in forest surveys. Hybrid inference mixes design- based and model-based inference, since it relies on a probability sample of auxiliary data and a model predicting the target variable from the auxiliary data.We review studies on large-area forest surveys based on model-assisted, model- based, and hybrid estimation, and discuss advantages and disadvantages of the approaches. We conclude that no general recommendations can be made about whether model-assisted, model-based, or hybrid estimation should be preferred. The choice depends on the objective of the survey and the possibilities to acquire appropriate field and remotely sensed data. We also conclude that modelling approaches can only be successfully applied for estimating target variables such as growing stock volume or biomass, which are adequately related to commonly available remotely sensed data, and thus purely field based surveys remain important for several important forest parameters.

Hierarchical hybrid testability modeling and evaluation method based on information fusion

In order to meet the demand of testability analysis and evaluation for complex equipment under a small sample test in the equipment life cycle, the hierarchical hybrid testability model- ing and evaluation method （HHTME）, which combines the testabi- lity structure model （TSM） with the testability Bayesian networks model （TBNM）, is presented. Firstly, the testability network topo- logy of complex equipment is built by using the hierarchical hybrid testability modeling method. Secondly, the prior conditional prob- ability distribution between network nodes is determined through expert experience. Then the Bayesian method is used to update the conditional probability distribution, according to history test information, virtual simulation information and similar product in- formation. Finally, the learned hierarchical hybrid testability model （HHTM） is used to estimate the testability of equipment. Compared with the results of other modeling methods, the relative deviation of the HHTM is only 0.52%, and the evaluation result is the most accu rate.

Heat transport of hybrid nanomaterial in an annulus with quadratic Boussinesq approximation

The convective heat transfer of hybrid nanoliquids within a concentric annulus has wide engineering applications such as chemical industries, solar collectors, gas turbines, heat exchangers, nuclear reactors, and electronic component cooling due to their high heat transport rate. Hence, in this study, the characteristics of the heat transport mechanism in an annulus filled with the Ag-MgO/H_2O hybrid nanoliquid under the influence of quadratic thermal radiation and quadratic convection are analyzed. The nonuniform heat source/sink and induced magnetic field mechanisms are used to govern the basic equations concerning the transport of the composite nanoliquid. The dependency of the Nusselt number on the effective parameters(thermal radiation, nonlinear convection,and temperature-dependent heat source/sink parameter) is examined through sensitivity analyses based on the response surface methodology(RSM) and the face-centered central composite design(CCD). The heat transport of the composite nanoliquid for the spacerelated heat source/sink is observed to be higher than that for the temperature-related heat source/sink. The mechanisms of quadratic convection and quadratic thermal radiation are favorable for the momentum of the nanoliquid. The heat transport rate is more sensitive towards quadratic thermal radiation.

On the heating mechanism of electron cyclotron resonance thruster immerged in a non-uniform magnetic field

To study the heating mechanism of electron cyclotron resonance thruster(ECRT)immersed in a non-uniform magnetic field,experiments and simulations are performed based on an electron cyclotron resonance plasma source at ASIPP.It is found that the first harmonic of electron cyclotron resonance is essential for plasma ignition at high magnetic field(0.0875 T),while the plasma can sustain without the first and second harmonics of electron cyclotron resonance at low magnetic field(till 0.0170 T).Evidence of radial hollow density profile indicates that upper hybrid resonance,which has strong edge heating effect,is the heating mechanism of low-field ECRT.The heating mode transition from electron cyclotron resonance to upper hybrid resonance is also revealed.Interestingly,the evolutions of electron temperature and electron density with input power experience a‘delayed’jump,which may be correlated with the different power levels required for cyclotron and ionization.Moreover,when the field strength decreased,the variation of electron density behaves in an opposite trend with that of electron temperature,implying a possible competition of power deposition between them.The present work is of great interest for understanding the plasma discharge in ECRT especially immersed in a non-uniform magnetic field,and designing efficient ECRT using low magnetic field for economic space applications.

A Flying Spots Detection and Recovery Scheme Based on Hybrid-Waveform Recognition Method

Flying plots detection has been the focus of relay protection in power system for a long time. With the promotion of Smart substation in our country, the number of SV devices is greatly increased. Abnormal data (flying plot) caused by sampling device itself has brought tremendous pressure to the power system. The traditional flying plot detection algorithm has plenty of defects, such as low pertinence, low sensitivity and long sampling period. This paper proposes a new algorithm to identify flying plot by analyzing the wave form characteristics of sampling data. The traditional waveform recognition methods are combined in this algorithm. It has the concept of standard wave window and can distinguish flying plot in a short time. In addition, sine recovery algorithm is used to recover the flying plot. This paper uses PSCAD software to verify the validity of this algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high reliability.

隐空间转换的混合样本图像去雾

深度学习从数据集中学习样本的内在规律,数据集的质量一定程度上决定了模型的表现。在去雾任务的公开数据集中,由于缺少成对真实数据,合成的成对数据难以模拟真实环境等问题,可能导致训练出的模型在实际环境中表现不佳。为此,提出混合样本学习问题,利用合成的成对数据和真实数据(混合样本)同时训练模型,通过隐空间的转换实现混合样本间的转换。算法利用变分自编码器和生成对抗网络(VAE-GAN)将混合样本分别编码到隐空间,利用对抗损失将真实数据的隐空间向合成雾图的隐空间对齐,利用含特征自适应融合(MFF)模块的映射网络学习成对数据隐空间之间的转换,从而建立起从真实雾图域到清晰图像域之间的去雾数据通路。实验结果表明,该算法相比其他去雾算法在真实雾图上的去雾结果更加清晰,对于较厚的雾图也有突出的效果,且该算法的峰值信噪比高于对比算法。

混合微网中基于互联变换器的谐波补偿控制

并网运行的交直流混合微网中,交流侧接入非线性负载会导致公共并网点(point of common coupling,PCC)处电流出现明显畸变。为避免引入额外有源滤波器装置,在基于综合惯量的互联变换器控制基础上,叠加准比例谐振控制器用于谐波补偿控制,通过公共并网点处电流反馈信号,实现电流正弦性和交直流侧功率平衡。同时,在谐波补偿环节引入多采率控制,解决了互联变换器低开关频率控制过程中的延时而导致的谐波重构误差问题,改善谐波补偿效果,并给出准比例谐振控制器参数的设计过程。基于Matlab/Sinmulink仿真实验结果表明所提方案稳态特性好,动态响应快,对负荷突变适应性好,控制算法简单可靠。

基于Lasso和构造性覆盖算法的不均衡数据分类方法

针对机器学习分类算法在不均衡数据分类问题中对少数类样本识别能力不足的问题,以电信客户流失场景为例,提出一种不均衡数据分类方法 L-CCSmote(Lasso Constructive Covering Smote)。首先,通过套索回归(Lasso)提取流失用户特征以优化模型输入;然后,通过构造性覆盖算法(CCA)建立神经网络生成符合样本整体分布的覆盖;最后,进一步提出单样本覆盖策略、样本多样性策略和样本密度峰值策略,通过以上策略混合采样以平衡数据。选用了KEEL数据库中的13个不均衡数据集和2个脱敏电信客户数据集,分别在逻辑回归(LR)和支持向量机(SVM)分类算法上对该方法进行验证。在LR分类算法上,与SMOTE-Enn(Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique Edited nearest neighbor)相比,所提方法的平均几何平均值(G-MEAN)提升了2.32%;在SVM分类算法上,与Borderline-SMOTE(Borderline Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique Edited)相比,所提方法的平均G-MEAN提升了2.44%。实验结果表明,所提方法能解决类别偏斜分布影响分类的问题,且对于稀有类的识别能力优于经典平衡数据方法。