Matching Dyeing and Properties of Silk Fabrics with Natural Edible Pigments

The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.

ESR signals from silk fabrics irradiated by UV-rays

ESR studies were done on UV-ray irradiated silk fabric samples at room temperature. Different types of UV lamps were used and similar ESR signals were observed. The results indicate that UV-rays can produce free radicals for graft-copolymerization of monomer onto silk fibers without external additives or co additives, Also, radicals in silk fabrics irradiated by UV-rays are purer than that irradiated by γ-rays. The study suggests that UV-lights may be a better tool to improve properties of silk fabrics by grafting monomers onto the polymer chains.

Comparative Study of Polypropylene Non-Woven Surgical Mask and Locally Manufactured Woven and Knitted Fabrics Facial Masks

The outbreak of coronavirus has led to an increase in the demand for facemasks globally. Unavailability of appropriate polypropylene non-woven fabrics face masks as a result of inadequate supply to satisfy the growing population has brought about the manufacturing of locally fabrics masks to augment or substitute standard medical class facemasks. The study aims at analyzing airflow of these locally manufactured fabrics to determine possible means of transmitting the virus as well as establish comfort of the user of these masks. Standard polypropylene non-woven, woven and knitted fabrics were considered for the study. Air permeability test was conducted on these fabrics using Frazier Air permeability tester. Depending on the property significant variation in the textile fabrics, polypropylene non-woven is widely accepted for facial masks. Nevertheless, this study illustrates that woven and knitted fabrics have more open structures, which allow a high rate of air penetration and so may require two or three layers to prevent antimicrobial or antiviral potential.

Mechanical Properties of Small-diameter Superfine Silk Powder/Polyurethane Vascular Graft Reinforced by Tubular Knitted Fabric

In this paper,a kind of composite microtube,which is made from superfine silk powder and polyurethane,reinforced by polyster and spandex tubular fabrics,was examined.The cross-section of composite microtubes were microporous,and micropores were uniform distributed,the inner surface was relatively smooth.The results showed that the wall thickness of composite microtubes increased,which led to the strength,the breaking work and the initial modulus incresead;that the spandex content increased brought about the initial modulus and the breaking work decreased,but the breaking extension and the breaking load were firstly increased and then decreased;and all the mechanical properties decreased as the SFSP content increased.

The Relationship between the Mechanical Properties of Pure Silk Fabrics and Dress Performance

In this paper, the relationship between mechanical properties of 30 pieces of pure silk fabrics and the dress performance has been analyzed. With the methods of multifactor linear step regression and discrimination analysis, the judgment and prediction model of the performance have been established.

Sterilization of mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet

The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet（APPJ） system employing Ar/O2 or He/O2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The effects of the APPJ characteristics（particularly the gas type and discharge power） on the fabric strength, physical-chemical structures,and sterilizing efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that the Ar/O2 APPJ plasma can inactivate the mycete completely within 4.0 min under a discharge power of 50.0 W. Such an APPJ treatment had negligible impact on the mechanical strength of the fabric and the surface chemical characteristics. Moreover, the Ar ions, O and OH radicals were shown to play important roles on the sterilization of the mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics.

MONITOR AND CONTROL OF THE DEGUMMING PROCESS FOR SILK FABRICS

In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assistants etc.The investigation was shown that method is exact to measure the PH value of degum-ming bath by the heat resistant 305-2 type lithium glass electrode and the 232 type calomelelectrode through the saturated polassium chloride salt bridge at the degumming tempera-ture, the method can be avoided the errors in the conventional measurements.From the theoretical calculate of the alkaline expense, including the absorbed alkali ofraw silk fabric, G1;the alkali carried away by fabric, G2;the consumptive alkali by belach-ing agent, G3 etc. According to practical produce, the empirical formula has been estab-lished for determination of the addittional amounts of degumming assistants, G, at the con-tinuous produce:G=1.28(G1+G2+G3)(g/kg fabric)

The effect of atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma treatment on the dyeing properties of silk fabric

In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated with different applied voltages(0 kV to 45 kV)was used to treat the surface of silk fabrics.C I Natural Yellow 3 was used to dye untreated and plasma-treated silk fabrics.The physical analysis based on scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of silk fabrics was affected by plasma treatment.The chemical analysis was investigated with x-ray photi>elcctron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the content of C Is decreased with the increasing applied voltage,the content of N Is and O Is increased with the increasing applied voltage.The increasing K/S values represented that the dyeability of silk fabrics was improved after plasma treatment.The color fastness to dry and wet rubbing was decreased after plasma treatment.

Sub-Millimeter-Wave Transmission of Silk Fabric

Millimeter wave technology is one of the technologies developed rapidly in recent years. The research was mainly to study the transmission of millimeter wave through textile material named silk fabric. We observed the phenomenon of sub-millimeter-wave transmission and reflection of the silk fabric, and concluded that with the number of silk fabric layers increasing, effect of scattering and absorption of the millimeter wave enhanced. The conclusion could be further employed in millimeter wave and THz imaging, dangerous goods inspection and other security application.

A Cell-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method for Modal Analysis of Non-Woven Fabrics

The combination of a 4-node quadrilateral mixed interpolation of tensorial components element(MITC4)and the cell-based smoothed finite element method(CSFEM)was formulated and implemented in this work for the analysis of free vibration and unidirectional buckling of shell structures.This formulation was applied to numerous numerical examples of non-woven fabrics.As CSFEM schemes do not require coordinate transformation,spurious modes and numerical instabilities are prevented using bilinear quadrilateral element subdivided into two,three and four smoothing cells.An improvement of the original CSFEM formulation was made regarding the calculation of outward unit normal vectors,which allowed to remove the integral operator in the strain smoothing operation.This procedure conducted both to the simplification of the developed formulation and the reduction of computational cost.A wide range of values for the thickness-to-length ratio and edge boundary conditions were analysed.The developed numerical model proved to overcome the shear locking phenomenon with success,revealing both reduced implementation effort and computational cost in comparison to the conventional FEM approach.The cell-based strain smoothing technique used in this work yields accurate results and generally attains higher convergence rate in energy at low computational cost.

Preparation of UV-curable Nano-silver Antimicrobial Agent and Its Application in Non-woven Fabric

Nano-silver and waterborne polyurethane(WPU)composite emulsion was synthesized.The average diameter of silver nanoparticles(SNPs)was about 20 nm,and the average diameter of WPU was 101.32 nm.The anti-bacteria finishing of a polypropylene non-woven fabric(NWF)was carried out by ultraviolet finishing technology and the double dipping twin-roll method.The standard AATCC100 was used to test the antimicrobial activity of the samples.The results showed that the antimicrobial rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were above 90%,which indicated that the NWF finishing had good antimicrobial activity.In addition,the thermal stability,mechanical properties,whiteness and contact angle of antimicrobial finishing nonwovens were characterized.The results showed that the performance of antimicrobial nonwovens was stable at 300℃.The breaking strength was better than that of untreated nonwovens,and the contact angle reached 119.1°.

The Recognition of Silk Fabric Defects Based on Biorthogonal Wavelet Analysis and SOM Neural Network

A feasible approach for the recognition of silk fabric defects based on wavelet transform and SOM neural network is proposed in this paper, the indispensable processes of which are defect images denoising and enhancement, image edge detection, feature extraction and defects identification. Both geometrical and textmal feature parmnete~ are extracted from the edge image and the enhanced defect image, and utilize SOM neural network to recognize the common defects which silk fabrics have, including warplacking, weft-lacking, double weft, loom bars, oil-stains. Experimental resets show the advantages with high identification correctness and high inspection speed.

An Experimental Investigation to Examine the Wicking Properties of Silk Fabrics

In this research, the wicking characteristics of fabrics were used as an essential and effective indicator to investigate the satisfaction of heat and moisture. Due to the popularization of silk fabrics recently it has become an interesting topic to know about the wicking behavior of silk fabrics in water. The absorptive capability of the silk textile makes clothing comfortable even for a hotter environment. Silk fabrics are comfortable in the summer, and warm in the winter. Silk fabric can usually contain about 11 percent of its weight in moisture but the range varies from 10% to as much as 30%. In this paper, the wicking behavior of silk fabric in both warp and weft directions was investigated in terms of wicking height, wicking rate, mass increase distribution per centimeter of wicking height, the velocity of wicking height, and durability of wicking height after removal of the wicking liquid reservoir. The experimental results show that the wicking height in both the warp and weft directions had a good correlation with the time. The wicking rate was comparable in both weft and warp directions, but at the start of the wicking phase, weft direction wicking was quicker than warp direction. The mass increase in fabric per centimeter of wicking height was inversely proportional to wicking height. The mass of moisture carried in the fabric did not significantly differ in the direction of the weft and warp.

Influence of Dilative Technology on Thickness and Fullness of Tussah Silk's Fiber and Fabric

In this paper, study objects are raw and dilative tussah silk. By means of measuring and analyzing the fiber's diameter, linear density, diameter coefficient, thickness and fullness, this paper focuses on the influence of dilative technology on tussah silk's fiber and fabric. The results include the following three aspects: the diameter coefficient of dilative tussah silk fiber is increased by 10.35%, dilative tussah heather silk is thicker and fabric fullness is improved by 9%.

Beijing Dayuan Non-woven Fabric Co.Ltd

Situated in the Shilong Industrial District of Mentougou, Beijing, the Beijing Dayuan Non-woven Fabric Co. Ltd is a Sino-foreign joint venture producing non-woven fabrics, set up in 1991.

Properties of radicals created by γ-ray irradiation of silk fabrics

The propoerties of radicals fromγ-ray irradiated silk fabrics were studied by electron spin resonance method(ESR).The ESR spectra of silk fabrics irradiated in N2 showed a doublet at room temperature,The doublet became a singlet at g=2.0057 after placing the sample in air for 24 hours.This can be explained by formation of peroxide radicals.The radical concentration of the irradiated silk fabric and the decay rate of radicals are significantly affected by irradiation conditions.which include the absorbed dose.atmosphere,and water content of the silk fabric samples.However,no dose rate effect on the radical concentration was observed.The results are of help in our practice of property modification of silk products by radiation graft copolymerization.

真丝织物的植物染料染色

采用植物红和植物蓝染料对真丝织物进行直接染色,探讨了染液浓度、染色pH、染色温度、染色时间、元明粉用量、固色剂用量对真丝织物染色效果的影响。通过正交试验得到的最佳染色工艺为:植物红染料质量分数1.00%(omf),染液pH为3,染色温度90℃,染色时间40 min,元明粉质量浓度5 g/L,固色剂质量分数1%;植物蓝染料质量分数1.00%(omf),染液pH为7,染色温度90℃,染色时间55 min,元明粉质量浓度5 g/L,固色剂质量分数1%。染色织物具有较好的耐皂洗色牢度、耐摩擦色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度,基本达到3~4级以上。

紫外光对不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化影响研究

利用扫描电镜、傅立叶红外、热重分析、氨基酸分析等现代分析技术对紫外光照下模拟不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化差异进行探究,结果表明:紫外光照射使丝织品表面产生脆性断口、黄度值增加、断裂强力下降、无规卷曲/β-折叠含量比值上升、热最大分解速率温度下降,酪氨酸、大侧基氨基酸的含量减少。紫外光对不同埋藏环境丝织品的劣化影响各不一样,其中对有氧埋藏环境和碱埋藏环境丝织品的破坏更严重。因此博物馆馆藏丝织品保存条件的选择应当根据埋藏环境差异进行细化,对有氧环境和碱环境出土丝织品要格外注意紫外光防护。此外,丝织品的热最大分解速率温度的下降与紫外光照射时间呈线性关系,可以用于量化评估丝织品的劣化程度。

真丝织物的尤加利叶拓染工艺

采用尤加利叶对真丝织物进行拓染,探讨直接拓染和不同媒染剂预媒拓染方法对拓染效果的影响,发现直接拓染和硫酸亚铁预媒拓染两种方法效果最佳。尤加利在真丝织物上直接拓染的最佳工艺参数为:轧车压力3.0 kg/cm^(2)(织物含水率123%),汽蒸温度110℃,汽蒸时间50 min;硫酸亚铁预媒拓染的最佳工艺为:媒染剂质量浓度0.20 g/L,汽蒸温度110℃,汽蒸时间50 min。

聚合物光纤发光面料的设计与开发

为了满足人们对纺织品个性化和多样化的需求,以聚合物光纤(POF)为发光体,依据光纤侧面发光原理设计开发聚合物光纤发光机织面料,介绍面料的灵感来源、光纤分布设计、组织设计、纱线设计及其排列、穿综设计、上机织造工艺等,在半自动打样机上进行试织并说明织造要点。结果表明:合理利用发光体和其他纱线,结合纬向管状组织、平纹小提花组织以及缂丝技术等,开发出更加时尚化、个性化的发光面料。发光面料主要应用于装饰纺织品,其结构独特、配色协调、立体感强,具有较强的装饰性和乐趣性,在一定程度上也起到安全警示作用。