Quercetin exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in normal human gastric epithelial cells

BACKGROUND Gastric injury is the most common digestive system disease worldwide and involves inflammation,which can lead to gastric ulcer or gastric cancer(GC).Matrix metallopeptidase-9[MMP-9(gelatinase-B)]plays an important role in inflammation and GC progression.Quercetin and quercetin-rich diets represent potential food supplements and a source of medications for treating gastric injury given their anti-inflammatory activities.However,the effects and mechanisms of action of quercetin on human chronic gastritis and whether quercetin can relieve symptoms remain unclear.AIM To assess whether tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-induced MMP-9 expression mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin in normal human gastric mucosal epithelial cells.METHODS The normal human gastric mucosa epithelial cell line GES-1 was used to establish a normal human gastric epithelial cell model of TNF-α-induced MMP-9 protein overexpression to evaluate the antiinflammatory effects of quercetin.The cell counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate the effects of varying quercetin doses on cell viability in the normal GES-1 cell line.Cell migration was measured using Transwell assay.The expression of proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src(cSrc),phospho(p)-c-Src,extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2(ERK2),p-ERK1/2,c-Fos,p-c-Fos,nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB/p65),and p-p65 and the effects of their inhibitors were examined using Western blot analysis and measurement of luciferase activity.p65 expression was detected by immunofluorescence.MMP-9 m RNA and protein levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(q RT–PCR)and gelatin zymography,respectively.RESULTS q RT-PCR and gelatin zymography showed that TNF-αinduced MMP-9 m RNA and protein expression in a dose-and time-dependent manner.These effects were reduced by the pretreatment of GES-1 cells with quercetin or a TNF-αantagonist(TNFR inhibitor)in a dose-and timedependent manner.Quercetin and TNF-αantagonists decreased the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of c-Src,ERK1/2,c-Fos,and p65 in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Quercetin,TNF-αantagonist,PP1,U0126,and tanshinone IIA(TSIIA)reduced TNF-α-induced c-Fos phosphorylation and AP-1–Luciferase(Luc)activity in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Pretreatment with quercetin,TNF-αantagonist,PP1,U0126,or Bay 11-7082 reduced TNF-α-induced p65 phosphorylation and translocation and p65–Luc activity in a dose-and timedependent manner.TNF-αsignificantly increased GES-1 cell migration,and these results were reduced by pretreatment with quercetin or a TNF-αantagonist.CONCLUSION Quercetin significantly downregulates TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression in GES-1 cells via the TNFR-c-Src–ERK1/2 and c-Fos or NF-κB pathways.

Effect of heparin on high glucose induced proliferation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in normal human mesangial cells

Background The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complex pathophysiological process.Its precise mechanism is not fully known. In recent years it has been recognized that synthesis of various extracelluar matrix (ECM) components may increase, and that degradation of ECM may decrease in DN. It was reported heparin could inhibit mesangial cells proliferation in vitro. The main aim of this study is to explore whether heparin inhibits proliferation of mesangial cells grown in high glucose concentration and to measure the effect of heparin on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in mesangial cells. Methods The medium contained either low glucose (5 mmol/L) or high glucose (25 mmol/L). The concentrations of heparin in the culture medium were 0, 25, 50,100, 200 or 400 μg/mL. A metabolic (WST-1) assay was used to measure mesangial cell proliferation and Western blot analysis was used to measure MMPs expression of mesangial cells. Results Normal human mesangial cell (NHMC) proliferation was higher in high glucose (HG) medium than in low glucose (LG) medium. They showed a 1.93 fold expansion after 72 h in high glucose in contrast to a 1.63 fold expansion in low glucose. In the presence of heparin, mesangial cells proliferation was inhibited, which was more obvious at high glucose concentrations than at low glucose concentrations. In high glucose, with heparin concentration of 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg/mL, the mesangial cells showed a 0. 61 fold, 0.52 fold, 0.52 fold and 0.41 fold reductions in cell number compared to cells grown without heparin. In low glucose, only concentrations of 200 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL showed reduction in cell number, namely 0.54 fold and 0.45 fold, when compared to cells grown without heparin. In Western blot analysis,MMP1, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 was expressed by mesangial cells expressed in both high and low glucose concentrations, which was more prominent in high glucose medium. Incubation of heparin further increased expression of MMP1, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9. Conclusions This study suggests that glucose can accelerate mesangial cell proliferation while heparin can reduce proliferation, being more obvious at high glucose concentrations. Higher glucose concentrations led to increased MMP expression, which may take part in the regulation of mesangial matrix synthesis and degradation. Addition of heparin resulted in a corresponding increase in MMP expression, most notably at high glucose concentrations, indicating a potentially renoprotective role in DN.

TO SOLVE MATRIX EQUATION sum (A^iXBi=c) BY THE SMITH NORMAL FORM

By using the Smith normal form of polynomial matrix and algebraic methods, this paper discusses the solvability for the linear matrix equation A iXB i=C over a field, and obtains the explicit formulas of general solution or unique solution.

Effective Customer Review Analysis Using Combined Capsule Networks with Matrix Factorization Filtering

Nowadays,commercial transactions and customer reviews are part of human life and various business applications.The technologies create a great impact on online user reviews and activities,affecting the business process.Customer reviews and ratings are more helpful to the new customer to purchase the product,but the fake reviews completely affect the business.The traditional systems consume maximum time and create complexity while analyzing a large volume of customer information.Therefore,in this work optimized recommendation system is developed for analyzing customer reviews with minimum complexity.Here,Amazon Product Kaggle dataset information is utilized for investigating the customer review.The collected information is analyzed and processed by batch normalized capsule networks(NCN).The network explores the user reviews according to product details,time,price purchasing factors,etc.,ensuring product quality and ratings.Then effective recommendation system is developed using a butterfly optimized matrix factorizationfiltering approach.Then the system’s efficiency is evaluated using the Rand Index,Dunn index,accuracy,and error rate.

Empirical Likelihood Statistical Inference for Compound Poisson Vector Processes under Infinite Covariance Matrix

The paper discusses the statistical inference problem of the compound Poisson vector process(CPVP)in the domain of attraction of normal law but with infinite covariance matrix.The empirical likelihood(EL)method to construct confidence regions for the mean vector has been proposed.It is a generalization from the finite second-order moments to the infinite second-order moments in the domain of attraction of normal law.The log-empirical likelihood ratio statistic for the average number of the CPVP converges to F distribution in distribution when the population is in the domain of attraction of normal law but has infinite covariance matrix.Some simulation results are proposed to illustrate the method of the paper.

矩阵空间M_(2)(C)中正规矩阵的表示形式及应用

正规矩阵是一种具有良好性质的特殊重要矩阵。根据正规矩阵的定义,利用矩阵运算、特征值及矩阵范数,研究了矩阵空间M_(2)(C)中正规矩阵的表示形式及几个典型应用。讨论了矩阵空间M_(2)(C)中由正规矩阵构成的标准正交基、正交基及基,深化了Pauli矩阵的性质,这些结果充实并完善了二阶正规矩阵的理论结果。

基于NNC法和DMC算法的CCHP型微电网两阶段调度

冷热电联产(combined cooling, heating and power,CCHP)系统与微电网的结合有利于促进消纳可再生能源,为了提升CCHP型微电网的经济性、环保性和稳定性,提出了两阶段优化调度模型。离线优化阶段基于需求侧响应策略,建立了基于归一化法向约束法的多目标规划模型,并用熵权-TOPSIS法筛选最优结果。在线优化阶段建立了基于动态矩阵控制算法的有限时域优化模型,对离线优化结果进行跟踪优化和反馈校正,以降低不确定性因素的影响。最后,设计对比方案进行分析,验证了所提优化模型的有效性。

应用Normal矩阵谱平分法的多社团发现

现实世界中许多实际网络都有一个共同的性质,即社团结构。揭示网络中的社团结构,对于了解网络结构与分析网络性质都是很重要的。分析了常见的社团发现算法的特点,以及谱二分法在实际应用中必须不断迭代才能完成多社团发现的不足,提出了基于Normal矩阵和k-means聚类算法的多社团发现方法。该算法能选择合适的特征向量维数,为k-means划分社团提供有效数据,相比其他算法有着较高的准确率。

基于Normal矩阵谱平分法的快速电压控制分区

为提高电网中二级电压控制分区的速度,提出种基于复杂网络谱平分法的电压控制分区新算法。该算法采用节点导纳矩阵虚部作为电压控制分区简化拓扑模型的元素,并通过分析分区模型的Normal矩阵,直接获取分区聚类样本,在保证区域无功就地平衡的条件下,能够有效降低算法的时间复杂度。采用改进初始聚类中心的K-means聚类算法保证了分区时的稳定性,同时,模块度指标和无功储备校核的引入使优分区结果更客观、更可信。通过IEEE 39节点和IEEE 118节点标准测试系统对谱平分法分区的可行性和效率进行仿真计算和验证。分析表明,该方法能够快速有效地获取合理的电压控制分区方案,分区结果可为二级电压控制分区的工程实践提供参考。

基于一致性的赋权方法在课程过程性评价中的应用

针对课程平时成绩的权重比例,构建采用客观赋权法确定权重的动态代数模型.基于平时成绩的各项得分,分析项目之间的一致度,应用矩阵理论对权重进行一致性检验,给出一致性最强的权重比例.结合实例计算最优权重.

基于面积归一化法对饲料中黄霉素总残留量的研究

建立了一种结合不同色谱及质谱技术测定饲料中黄霉素总残留量的方法。通过高效液相色谱对黄霉素标准混合物进行有效分离,结合液相色谱—串联质谱对黄霉素A化合物进行定量,并利用高分辨四极杆飞行时间质谱确定结果的准确性和唯一性,最终基于面积归一化法得出精确结果。黄霉素标准品经Platisil 5μm ODS色谱柱(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈和20 mmol/L(pH 5.0)乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行等度分离。同时,饲料基质经体积分数0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液提取,采用Oasis PRiME HLB通过式固相萃取对提取液进行净化。目标物经Atiantis T_(3)色谱柱(100.0 mm×2.1 mm,3μm),以乙腈和5 mmol/L(pH 5.0)乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度分离,在负离子(ESI-)多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行定量分析。考查了不同高效液相色谱条件对黄霉素5种活性成分分离效果的影响,同时研究了不同提取溶剂和净化方式对黄霉素A化合物回收率的作用并优化其质谱条件。所建立的方法确保黄霉素5种活性成分完全分离,面积归一化法结果表明黄霉素A所占黄霉素混合物的比例为86.2%,RSD为0.66%。同时,该方法确保黄霉素A在10.0~1000.0 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数(R^(2))大于等于0.9986。不同饲料基质中黄霉素A的低、中、高加标回收率为69.69%~88.60%,RSD为0.96%~3.38%,回收率稳定、重现性良好。经折算,各类饲料基质中,黄霉素抗生素的总加标回收率为80.66%~102.55%。统计结果表明,所建立的方法普适性广,准确性强,灵敏度高,适用于饲料中黄霉素总残留量的精确定量分析,解决了国内外对黄霉素检测不准确的技术问题。

基于快速最大奇异值幂正规化的全局协方差池化

近期的研究工作表明,矩阵正规化对全局协方差池化起着关键作用,有助于生成分辨能力更强的表征,从而提升图像识别任务的性能。在不同的矩阵正规化方法中,矩阵结构正规化能充分利用协方差矩阵的几何结构,因此可以获得更好的性能。然而,结构正规化一般依赖计算代价很高的奇异值分解(SVD)或者特征值分解(EIG),不能充分利用GPU的并行计算能力,从而形成计算瓶颈。迭代矩阵平方根正规化(iSQRT)通过牛顿-舒尔兹迭代对协方差矩阵进行正规化,速度比基于SVD和EIG的方法更快。但是随着迭代次数和维度的提高,iSQRT的时间和内存开销都会显著增加,而且该方法无法完成一般幂次的正规化,限制了其应用范围。为了弥补iSQRT的不足,文中提出了一种基于最大奇异值幂的协方差矩阵正规化方法。该方法通过将协方差矩阵除以其最大奇异值的幂来实现,计算过程仅需迭代幂法计算矩阵的最大奇异值。详细的消融实验的结果表明,与iSQRT相比,所提方法的速度更快并占用更少的显存,在时间复杂度和空间复杂度上都优于iSQRT方法,同时性能上与iSQRT方法相当或更好。所提方法在大规模图像分类数据库和细粒度识别数据库中取得了领先的性能,其中在Aircraft,Cars和Indoor67上分别表现为90.7%,93.3%以及83.9%,充分验证了所提方法的鲁棒性和泛化性。

矩阵数据的分类预测方法

文章在矩阵正态分布下研究矩阵数据的参数估计及其分类方法。首先,基于低秩分解和矩阵正态分布的惩罚似然函数方法提出矩阵数据的参数估计和秩的自适应确定方法;其次,应用块坐标下降方法与增广拉格朗日乘子算法给出有效的迭代估计算法;然后,基于判别分析方法提出低秩分解下的分类预测规则;最后,通过大量数值模拟及卫星陆地资源数据和手写体数字的识别应用,验证了低秩估计方法对提高矩阵数据的估计和分类预测精度具有明显的效果。

基于VPP碳流计算的多目标多时间尺度优化调度

为研究虚拟电厂低碳经济运行策略,以虚拟电厂能流和碳流模型为基础,执行了多目标多时间尺度优化调度。首先,基于碳流走向建立虚拟电厂低碳经济运行的非线性多目标规划模型,并采用归一化法向约束法进行求解。然后,建立了基于动态矩阵控制算法的有限时域优化模型,对日前结果进行跟踪优化和反馈校正,以降低不确定性因素的影响。最后,仿真对比实验验证了所提调度策略能在保证碳流计算精度超过95%的前提下实现虚拟电厂低碳经济运行。

基于特征点动态选择的三维人脸点云模型重建

针对典型的点云配准方法中伪特征点过多导致配准效率低和配准结果不精确的问题,提出一种基于特征点动态选择的三维人脸点云模型重建方法。该方法在粗配准阶段,采用动态特征矩阵求解法获取粗匹配特征变换矩阵以避免伪特征点的干扰。在精配准过程中,采用二次加权法向量垂直距离法在人脸流形表面选择更有效的特征点以减少伪特征点的数量,并采用基于特征融合与局部特征一致性的迭代最近点方法进行精配准。经过对比实验验证了算法的可行性,实验结果表明,该算法能够实现高精度且快速的三维人脸点云模型重建,且均方根误差达到1.8165 mm,相较其他算法,其在模型重建精度和效率方面都有所提升,具有良好的应用前景。

一种基于Normal矩阵的时间序列聚类方法

提出了一种基于Normal矩阵的时间序列聚类方法。该算法首先对时间序列数据进行向量形式转换,计算出各个时间序列间的相似度并构建复杂网络,然后利用基于Normal矩阵的方法进行复杂网络社团划分,同一类的时间序列被划分到一个社团,即实现对时间序列数据的聚类。为了验证该方法的可行性和有效性,将其应用于股票时间序列数据聚类分析中,并在两个实际的数据集上与其他方法相比较,取得了较好的实验结果。

一种用于深空网天线组阵的基于归一化权的Matrix-Free Power Method

对深空网天线组阵中的几种信号相关算法作简要介绍,重点研究无需形成矩阵的幂的方法——Matrix-Free Power Method。通过理论分析,提出一种改进算法,即基于归一化权的Matrix-Free Power Method。理论计算和软件仿真结果均表明,基于归一化权的Matrix-Free Power Method信噪比合成性能略优于原Matrix-Free Power Method。

Parametric Approach for the Normal Luenberger Function Observer Design in Second-order Descriptor Linear Systems

In this paper, the normal Luenberger function observer design for second-order descriptor linear systems is considered. It is shown that the main procedure of the design is to solve a so-called second-order generalized Sylvester-observer matrix equation. Based on an explicit parametric solution to this equation, a parametric solution to the normal Luenberger function observer design problem is given. The design degrees of freedom presented by explicit parameters can be further utilized to achieve some additional design requirements.

图的Normalized Laplacian多项式系数

首先利用图的一级半子图给出了Normalized Laplacian特征多项式系数的一个组合表达式,然后在此表达式的基础上,用组合方法证明了Normalized Laplacian谱和图的结构之间的一系列关系式.

A simple and effective model for Jones matrix to evaluate the transmission performance of Savart polariscope

Starting from the wave normal tracing treatment in the Savart polariscope that relates the Jones matrix to its transmission performance, this paper establishes a simple and effective model for the Jones matrix at an arbitrary incidence in the spatial domain. Analytical expressions of all the matrix components are determined with the consideration of all the main impact factors. This model needs only a few parameters hence it is convenient to be employed to evaluate the propagation performance of any birefringent optical system. The simulated results obtained with it demonstrate that this model gives a precise representation of the characteristic of light propagation in the Savart polariscope. This would provide useful suggestions for the design, calibration, and performance improvement of any other birefringent polarisation element and optical system.