Accuracy is a key factor in high-resolution remote sensing and photogrammetry. The factors that affect accuracy are imaging system errors and data processing errors. Due to the complexity of aerial camera errors, this...Accuracy is a key factor in high-resolution remote sensing and photogrammetry. The factors that affect accuracy are imaging system errors and data processing errors. Due to the complexity of aerial camera errors, this paper focuses on the design of digital aerial camera systems and the means to reduce system error and data processing inefficiencies. There are many kinds of digital aerial camera systems at present;however, these systems lack a unified physical model, which ultimately leads to more complicated designs and multi-camera modes. Such a system is complex and costly, as it is easily affected by factors such as vibration and temperature. Thus, the installed accuracy can only reach the millimeter level. Here, we describe a unified physical structure for a digital aerial camera that imitates an out-of-field multi-charge-coupled device (CCD), an in-field multi-CCD, and once-imaging and twice-imaging digital camera systems. This model is referred to as the variable baseline-height ratio spatiotemporal model. The variable ratio allows the opto-mechanical spatial parameters to be linked with height accuracy, thus providing a connection to the surface elevation. The twice-imaging digital camera prototype system and the wideband limb imaging spectrometer provide a transformation prototype from the current multi-rigid once-imaging aerial camera to a single rigid structure. Thus, our research lays a theoretical foundation and prototype references for the construction and industrialization of digital aerial systems.展开更多
作物叶面积指数的遥感反演是农业定量遥感研究热点之一,利用无人机遥感监测系统获取农作物光谱信息精确反演叶面积指数对精准农业生产与管理意义重大。本研究以山东省嘉祥县一带的大豆种植区为试验区,设计以多旋翼无人机为平台同步搭载C...作物叶面积指数的遥感反演是农业定量遥感研究热点之一,利用无人机遥感监测系统获取农作物光谱信息精确反演叶面积指数对精准农业生产与管理意义重大。本研究以山东省嘉祥县一带的大豆种植区为试验区,设计以多旋翼无人机为平台同步搭载Canon Power Shot G16数码相机和ADC-Lite多光谱传感器组成的无人机农情监测系统开展试验,分别获取大豆结荚期和鼓粒期的遥感影像。使用比值植被指数(RVI)、归一化植被指数(NDVI)、土壤调整植被指数(SAVI)、差值植被指数(DVI)、三角植被指数(TVI)5种植被指数,结合田间同步实测叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)数据,采用经验模型法分别构建了单变量和多变量LAI反演模型,通过决定系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和估测精度(EA)3个指标筛选出最佳模型。研究表明,有选择性地分时期进行农作物的叶面积指数反演是必要的,鼓粒期作为2个生育期中大豆LAI反演的最佳时期,其NDVI线性回归模型对大豆LAI的解释能力最强,R2=0.829,RMSE=0.301,反演大豆LAI最准确,EA=85.4%,生成的鼓粒期大豆LAI分布图反映了当地当时大豆真实长势情况。因此,以多旋翼无人机为平台同步搭载高清数码相机和多光谱传感器组成的无人机农情监测系统对研究大豆叶面积指数反演是可行性,可作为指导精准农业研究的一种新方法。展开更多
利用2015-2016年8月采集的黄河源区草地生物量数据和MODIS卫星遥感资料,结合农业多光谱相机(agricultural digital camera,ADC)获取的植被指数数据,比较分析3种_(ADC)植被指数(NDVI_(ADC)、SAVI_(ADC)和GNDVI_(ADC))与野外实测草地地上...利用2015-2016年8月采集的黄河源区草地生物量数据和MODIS卫星遥感资料,结合农业多光谱相机(agricultural digital camera,ADC)获取的植被指数数据,比较分析3种_(ADC)植被指数(NDVI_(ADC)、SAVI_(ADC)和GNDVI_(ADC))与野外实测草地地上生物量(above-ground biomass,AGB)数据的相关性,筛选出适合构建草地AGB反演模型的_(ADC)植被指数;结合MODIS NDVI(记作NDVIMOD)构建草地地上生物量反演模型,采用留一法交叉验证方法评价各模型精度,确立适宜模拟研究区草地AGB的最优模型;并利用NDVI_(ADC)校正NDVI_(MOD),获得高分辨率、高精度的草地AGB遥感监测改进模型。结果表明,1)基于_(ADC)获取的3种植被指数中,NDVI_(ADC)与高寒草地地上生物量关系最为密切,其次为SAVI_(ADC),拟合效果最差的是GNDVI_(ADC);2)基于NDVI_(ADC)建立的草地AGB监测模型的精度(RMSEP介于383.55~393.18kg DW/hm2;r范围为0.65~0.66)远高于NDVI_(MOD)的模型精度(RMSEP介于421.08~427.00kg DW/hm^2;r范围为0.55~0.58),NDVI_(ADC)反演得到的草地AGB更接近于黄河源区草地实际生物量,且相较于NDVI_(ADC),NDVI_(MOD)的样本值整体偏高;3)在NDVI_(ADC)构建的4类模型中,线性和乘幂模型模拟研究区草地AGB的能力较好,但线性模型精度更高(y=3248.93×NDVI_(ADC)-305.59,RMSEP=383.55kg DW/hm^2,r=0.66),该模型为黄河源区草地生物量的估测提供了一个新型且易操作的方法;4)NDVI_(ADC)与NDVIMOD相关性较高,利用NDVI_(ADC)校正NDVI_(MOD)可以改进草地AGB遥感反演模型,优化模型为y=2455.54×NDVI_(MOD)-301.69。该模型可在大尺度范围内估测黄河源区的草地生物量,且模型精度接近于地表测量法的监测精度。展开更多
基金The National Major Plan Research and Development Project(2017YFB0503003)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(11174017)+1 种基金The National 863 Subject(2007AA12Z111,2006AA12Z119)The Special Research Fund for Doctoral Programs in Colleges and Universities(20130001110046).
文摘Accuracy is a key factor in high-resolution remote sensing and photogrammetry. The factors that affect accuracy are imaging system errors and data processing errors. Due to the complexity of aerial camera errors, this paper focuses on the design of digital aerial camera systems and the means to reduce system error and data processing inefficiencies. There are many kinds of digital aerial camera systems at present;however, these systems lack a unified physical model, which ultimately leads to more complicated designs and multi-camera modes. Such a system is complex and costly, as it is easily affected by factors such as vibration and temperature. Thus, the installed accuracy can only reach the millimeter level. Here, we describe a unified physical structure for a digital aerial camera that imitates an out-of-field multi-charge-coupled device (CCD), an in-field multi-CCD, and once-imaging and twice-imaging digital camera systems. This model is referred to as the variable baseline-height ratio spatiotemporal model. The variable ratio allows the opto-mechanical spatial parameters to be linked with height accuracy, thus providing a connection to the surface elevation. The twice-imaging digital camera prototype system and the wideband limb imaging spectrometer provide a transformation prototype from the current multi-rigid once-imaging aerial camera to a single rigid structure. Thus, our research lays a theoretical foundation and prototype references for the construction and industrialization of digital aerial systems.
文摘作物叶面积指数的遥感反演是农业定量遥感研究热点之一,利用无人机遥感监测系统获取农作物光谱信息精确反演叶面积指数对精准农业生产与管理意义重大。本研究以山东省嘉祥县一带的大豆种植区为试验区,设计以多旋翼无人机为平台同步搭载Canon Power Shot G16数码相机和ADC-Lite多光谱传感器组成的无人机农情监测系统开展试验,分别获取大豆结荚期和鼓粒期的遥感影像。使用比值植被指数(RVI)、归一化植被指数(NDVI)、土壤调整植被指数(SAVI)、差值植被指数(DVI)、三角植被指数(TVI)5种植被指数,结合田间同步实测叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)数据,采用经验模型法分别构建了单变量和多变量LAI反演模型,通过决定系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和估测精度(EA)3个指标筛选出最佳模型。研究表明,有选择性地分时期进行农作物的叶面积指数反演是必要的,鼓粒期作为2个生育期中大豆LAI反演的最佳时期,其NDVI线性回归模型对大豆LAI的解释能力最强,R2=0.829,RMSE=0.301,反演大豆LAI最准确,EA=85.4%,生成的鼓粒期大豆LAI分布图反映了当地当时大豆真实长势情况。因此,以多旋翼无人机为平台同步搭载高清数码相机和多光谱传感器组成的无人机农情监测系统对研究大豆叶面积指数反演是可行性,可作为指导精准农业研究的一种新方法。
