On the Nationality,Subjectivity,and Originality of Chinese Virtue Ethics in the New Era

Under the academic environment of diversifying theoretical orientations for modern ethics,Chinese virtue ethics in the new era takes a five-in-one theoretical form that integrates mind,behavior,norms,e ort,and spiritual plane.Its mainstream is Marxist virtue theory or Marxist virtue ethics,which manifests Chinese nationality,subjectivity,and originality.It is of great signicance for contemporary people to re ect on and examine the disciplinary structure of ethics and promote the integration of ethical research,and will certainly play a vital role in building a community of shared future for mankind.

Motivation Factors in the Military: Ethical Leadership and Virtue Ethics

This paper focuses on employee motivation factors in military organizations.In the context of the special mission of the military profession,military leadership is approached in an effort to demonstrate the importance and necessity of its ethical dimension in relation to employee motivation.On the motivation factors related to employee personality traits,the paper seeks to demonstrate—through Aristotle’s philosophical reasoning(virtue ethics)—that military virtues have to define each member of the Armed Forces in order to fulfill his/her mission.The methodology part of this paper uses the method of interview with permanent officers of the Hellenic Armed Forces in order to prove the strong relationship between ethical leadership,virtue ethics,and employee motivation in the military.

The Value and Realization Strategy of Teacher Ethics Construction in Colleges and Universities under the Perspective of“Cultivating People by Virtue”

“Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role models”.The construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities is the premise of realizing the fundamental task of moral education,the need of teachers,the key to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and it is also the way to correct the bad atmosphere in colleges and universities.In the construction of teachers’ethics,teachers should understand their roles and improve their professional ethics,schools should improve the guarantee system of teachers’ethics construction,meanwhile,improve the status of teachers and create a social environment of respecting teachers and valuing teachers.

Hierarchical Media Ethics in the Digital Age: An Analysis of the “Primary School Student Lost Homework in Paris” Incident

In the digital age,traditional media ethics norms lack sufficient explanatory power and binding force in practice.This paper uses the“Primary School Student Lost Homework in Paris”incident as a case study to explore the ethical controversies surrounding the dissemination of this event.By adopting a hierarchical media ethics perspective,the paper dynamically examines the ethical conduct of various communicators,elucidates the ethical responsibilities of each party involved,and reveals the complexity of communication ethics in the digital age.

人性论能否为美德伦理奠基?——在儒家伦理与virtue ethics之间

随着virtue ethics在西方的复兴,越来越多的学者开始以virtue ethics格儒家伦理之义。儒家美德伦理,依其理想形态,应当使儒家伦理与virtue ethics互济不足,相与启发,使两种起源上异质的伦理获得新的发展,从而对世界哲学有所助益。借助儒家伦理与西方思想的对话,可以论证在人性论问题上"是"与"当"一气贯下,人性能够决定人应当如何生活,人性论能够为美德伦理奠基。

On Virtue Ethics

If one goes beyond the Western perspective, one realizes that most philosophy outside the West has been virtue-ethical in character. But it also turns out that there are simply more historical kinds of virtue ethics than most virtue ethicists recognize. Virtue ethics is mainly of interest because of its contemporary relevance and plausibility, and it is argued here that a virtue ethics that emphasizes empathy is very plausible in contemporary terms. Such an approach can say some strong things in favor of democracy, but it can also criticize Western thought for putting too much emphasis on autonomy rights rather than people＇s, and especially women＇s, welfare.

Developing Ethical Leadership in China:The Value of Confucian Virtue Ethics

Most research into ethical leadership depends on Western corporate experience,however current research findings may not fit the Chinese context.As a result,it is necessary to appeal to indigenous and traditional Chinese sources of wisdom when defining and evaluating ethical leadership in China.Both rule-following ethics and instrumental approaches,which are mainly used in recent empirical studies about ethical leadership,cannot enable people to have inner motivation to behave ethically.Accordingly,this article intends to establish an ethical leadership model in China by appealing to Conflician virtue ethics.A Confucian ethical leader possesses benevolence(ren仁)inside and treats others in a proper way according to ritual and rites(li禮).He/she makes self-cultivation as the first priority and is a virtuous role model,influencing others in a natural way by of his/her moral charisma.For such a person,economic profitableness is not a primary concern,where instead the goals,strategies and practices of his/her organization are defined by the principle of righteousness(yi義).

Return to ethics： On translators＇ norms of honor and shame

Translation studies has undergone three different periods： the traditional philological period, the modem linguistic period and the contemporary cultural period. Ever since the cultural turn, especially after the introduction of deconstruction into translation, traditional translation theories have been greatly affected. The traditional principle like faithfulness to the source text and the writer has been attacked and the translator＇s subjectivity and creativity have been greatly advocated. Under such circumstances, this paper, however, holds that translation studies should turn to ethics for the messy situation, and translators should be able to identify norms of honor and shame in translation practice.

The Ethics of Veracity and It Is Importance in the Medical Ethics

The goals of this overview is to discuss the ethics of telling the patient the truth, with some historical backgrounds and it is importance in medical practice, Justifying Less than Full Disclosure in some situations in which the truth may have a terrible impact on the occasional patient, and the influence of the culture on the health care professionals attitudes towards telling the patient the truth. Conclusion: The health care professionals need more awareness, and training in ethics of veracity and also in the communication skills especially in the context of breaking bad news in telling the patient the truth about diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and prognosis of any serious illness.

The Health Care Ethics: Overview of the Basics

In this overview we answers certain Questions in order to increase the awareness towards the basic of the health care ethics: what is ethics, what are the several fields of ethics connected to medical activities, what are the types of Ethical approaches in relation to the medical practice. Conclusion: Through understanding the basics of the ethics, the awareness of the medical ethics in the health care can be increased.

Teacher's Professional Ethics

Teachers play an important role in society,whose career is considered to be the most glorious one under the sun.They have deep and lifelong influence on students and the prosperity of a country and even the bright future of the whole world.Teacher should be a person with great virtue that sets good examples for the students.However,nowadays,there exist various problems about teacher’s ethics due to complex social,economical,cultural or personal issues.It’s urgent and imperative for teachers to learn and improve professional ethics to be a better mentor.This paper begins with the definition of ethics,emphasizes the importance of teachers’professional ethics,talks about current situation in this area,analyzes the reasons why there are immoral problems about teachers and suggests some practical strategies on how to improve it.

中国式现代化视域下数字体育伦理的现实考量及规范方略

在中国式现代化道路的引领下,数字体育已成为推动体育高质量发展的重要引擎,正加快推进体育强国建设进程,数字体育伦理问题也随着其发展的深入而日益凸显。本文从探寻中国式现代化视域下数字体育伦理的本质内涵出发,科学揭示数字体育伦理的特征,系统考量当前数字体育伦理问题,进而有针对性地提出数字体育伦理的规范方略,为数字体育在强国建设、民族复兴伟业中实现高质量发展提供借鉴与参考。

面向智慧教育的技术伦理取向与风险规约

当前,智能技术与教育的全过程融合正推动教育方式发生深刻转变,同时衍生出算法歧视、技术滥用、隐私泄露和教育主体错位等技术伦理风险,如何规避风险以最大化享受智能技术红利成为智慧教育发展的重要议题。为此,文章首先分析技术伦理相关报告文件,刻画智慧教育在智能技术、教育主体、教育数据和教育监管四个向度的技术伦理取向;然后,文章剖析“教-学-管-评-练-研”六大智慧教育典型场景下的差异化技术伦理风险表征,将其产生根源归为技术工具失信、教育实践失范和师生素养不足三个层面;最后,文章从技术升级、风险管理、问责监管、数据流动和素养提升角度给出风险防范与治理建议,助力智慧教育健康可持续发展。

医学伦理学对科技伦理治理的贡献与新作为

《关于加强科技伦理治理的意见》的出台,标志着中国科技伦理治理体系进入新阶段。中国科技伦理的研究与实践是沿着两条进路开展的。一条进路是从一般伦理原理出发,推导出具体科学和实践的规则;另一条进路是从科学研究的问题和科学技术事件和案例出发,逐步形成针对科技过程中某一类特定现象或问题的伦理治理原则与共识。医学伦理学研究也是这样形成医学道德传统和现代生命伦理学传统的。在伦理治理实践中,医学伦理走在科技伦理的前列,形成了科技伦理研究与发展的“先行区”、伦理审查建制化“探索者”和科技伦理治理的“示范区”。伦理治理意见的出台不是医学伦理治理研究的终点,医学伦理学需要有新的作为。一是对医学伦理学理论基础和方法论的再思考,坚持马克思主义理论的指导。二是对两条研究进路的再思考,两条道路平衡发展互相支撑。三是对伦理与法治关系的再思考,不断提高伦理治理法治化水平。

高质量教育发展背景下教育评估专业伦理规范:意蕴与维度

在推进教育治理现代化及深化教育评价改革的背景下,加强教育评估的专业化建设是推动高质量教育发展的重要驱动与保障。当前从评估专家的立场来看,在教育评估实践中存在的伦理困境主要有“一团和气”“先入为主”“居高临下”“不负责任”等四种评估,需要伦理规范来调适。教育评估专业伦理规范是评估人员在评估中需遵守的道德准则和行为规范,是评估人员在评估实践中的行动指南,以保证评估的客观公正,属于规范伦理学研究范畴。从当前国际教育评估组织制定的伦理规范来看,教育评估专业伦理规范构建需要从专业能力、责任和公正等三个维度思考。

人工智能教育应用伦理规范指标构建研究

伦理风险防范是开展人工智能教育应用的重要保障,需要以完善的伦理规范指标体系作为强有力的抓手。文章立足人工智能教育应用需由“浅”入“深”、学校教育人工智能伦理规划需从“无”到“有”和教师人工智能素养需由“弱”变“强”的迫切需求,遵循“国际参照+本土转化+数据验证”的方法路线,搭建了包含8个一级指标、21个二级指标和63个具体指标的人工智能教育应用伦理规范指标。基于规范指标,文章提出了其应用建议,包括遵循以人为本的价值导向、遵守安全可控和隐私保护的准入条件、贯彻可持续发展的应用准则、秉承公平全纳和相称无害的教育宗旨、落实透明可释和问责监督的保障机制。

“医学伦理学再启程”亟待破解的医学伦理课题

面临新境遇的医学伦理学,亟待破解的医学伦理课题有:医疗资本和医疗利益集团追求利润最大化的行为对公立医疗机构公益性造成持续性损害;医学高新技术僭越伦理底线,无限制地对身体进行技术干预;医学技术权力与医学高新技术、医疗资本结盟形成挑战医学伦理的异化力量;确立利益伦理是医学伦理学研究的重要内容;确认患者利益置于首位是现代医学伦理学的首要原则;促进美德伦理与规范伦理结合,推进制度伦理建设与机构伦理建设是医学伦理学落地生根的关键环节。

当代美德伦理“可法典化批判”的三层含义及其反思

美德伦理与规则伦理的争论焦点之一在于对可法典化的不同态度。规则伦理认为道德行动需要一套明确规则的指导,这些规则等同于一种决策程序,而美德伦理学缺乏此类规则,所以有着“不可法典化(uncodifiability)”的缺陷。与之相对,美德伦理学者认为不可法典化不仅不是缺陷,反而正是美德伦理学的长处。美德伦理分别从实践推理、规则运用、实践审思三个不同层次上对可法典化进行了批判。这些批评在相当程度上指出了规则伦理学的某些误区。但一些美德伦理学者试图在此基础上更进一步,在批评现代道德哲学进路之余全面否定道德哲学中规则的作用,却使得可法典化批判走向了误区。理解可法典化批判的关键在于跳出目前流行的把普遍规则与具体情境截然对立起来的简单二分法,认识道德规则的限度与必要。

流动的媒介:明清商人与儒家文化的传播研究

明清商人群体是儒家文化的重要传播媒介之一。揆诸文献可知,明清商人不仅积极开展公益实践,注重与士人的交往,而且在日常生活与经商过程中,孝养父母,讲求诚信。这些行为不仅给他们带来了经济利益,也获得了民众的尊重和好感。官方与士人将商人的行为与成功归因于儒家文化的影响,通过褒奖或者撰文等方式不断宣扬他们的事迹。明清商人社会地位与形象的改善间接表明,只要接受儒家文化,践行儒家伦理规范,便会得到国家与士人的认同,这使得民众看到接受主流价值观的实质性益处。研究表明,明清商人基于自身体验,践行儒家伦理规范,有效地传播了儒家文化。作为传播媒介,明清商人不仅传承了儒家文化,也有效地弘扬了儒家文化,从而拓展了儒家文化的传播渠道,扩大了儒家文化的影响范围,有利于中华民族共同体意识的形成与发展。

美德伦理视域下生态道德人格形塑的价值逻辑

美德品质作为人的内在精神特质能够对外在行为进行合理的价值规约和引导。传统伦理学的生态道德人格培育遵循着由外在道德规约到内在美德品质养成的生成逻辑。与此根本不同,生态美德伦理学主张在潜移默化中形塑道德行为者的美德品质,并在生态道德人格的养成中形成生态道德行为习惯。美德伦理视域下生态道德人格建构通过生态美德教育涵养生态道德的自省觉悟,在生态美德养成中达至生态道德的自觉实现,以及在实践中锤炼生态道德的知行合一品质,形塑人与自然和谐共生的伦理价值观念和生产生活方式,实现生态道德理性认知与情感认同的有机统一,在生态道德实践过程中彰显生态美德素养。