Distribution of rainfall event sizes and interval lengths between events are important characteristics of arid and semi-arid climates. Understanding their importance will contribute to our ability to understand ecosys...Distribution of rainfall event sizes and interval lengths between events are important characteristics of arid and semi-arid climates. Understanding their importance will contribute to our ability to understand ecosystem dynamics in these regions. Rainfall event timing and magnitude are important drivers of ecosystem processes and are instrumental in creating land-scape heterogeneity in arid and semi-arid regions. Rainfall event characteristics were analyzed using an automatic tip-ping-bucket rain-gauge record across the entire summer monsoon season from 2008 to 2015 at the arid desert area of Shapotou in the Tengger Desert, China. Changing the minimum inter-event time （MIT） from 30 min to 24 h alters the number of rainfall events from 64 to 25 for the event depth larger than 0.1 mm. The mean rainfall intensity declined from 0.95 mm/h to 0.53 mm/h, and the geometric mean event duration rose from 0.55 h to 4.4 h. The number of rainfall events, mean rainfall intensity, and geometric mean event duration differed under different criteria of individual rainfall depths, except that for an individual rainfall depth of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mm. The aforementioned features differed only at the lowest range of the mean rainfall intensity and depth for MIT=3 and 6 h. These findings suggest that identification of event-based rainfall in this specific arid region can be better achieved by setting the MIT at six hours. The wide variation in rainfall event properties indicate the need for paying more attention to the proper selection and reporting of event criteria in studies that adopt event-based data analysis. This is especially true in quantifying effective rainfall for soil water replenishment in terms of rainfall depth and intensity with infrequent rainfall events.展开更多
[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,...[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,测定了土壤养分和参与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)循环的5种胞外酶活性,随后利用单因素方差分析、土壤胞外酶化学计量学模型和主坐标分析(PCoA)研究不同撂荒年限下土壤养分和胞外酶活性及其生态化学计量的变化规律及影响因子。[结果]随着撂荒年限的增加,土壤C和N获取酶活性显著减小,而P获取酶活性显著增加;土壤C、N和P含量变化与酶活性变化趋势相反。随撂荒年限延长,土壤微生物的C限制得到缓解,P限制逐渐加强。PCoA拟合环境因子分析结果显示:土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总磷(TP)、速效氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量是驱动酶活性及其计量比变化的关键因子。[结论]撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用,但随撂荒时间延长(20 a以上)会加剧微生物P限制,因此对经过长年撂荒的土地应当适量施用磷肥,以改善其土壤状况。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41530750, 41501108 and 41371101)
文摘Distribution of rainfall event sizes and interval lengths between events are important characteristics of arid and semi-arid climates. Understanding their importance will contribute to our ability to understand ecosystem dynamics in these regions. Rainfall event timing and magnitude are important drivers of ecosystem processes and are instrumental in creating land-scape heterogeneity in arid and semi-arid regions. Rainfall event characteristics were analyzed using an automatic tip-ping-bucket rain-gauge record across the entire summer monsoon season from 2008 to 2015 at the arid desert area of Shapotou in the Tengger Desert, China. Changing the minimum inter-event time （MIT） from 30 min to 24 h alters the number of rainfall events from 64 to 25 for the event depth larger than 0.1 mm. The mean rainfall intensity declined from 0.95 mm/h to 0.53 mm/h, and the geometric mean event duration rose from 0.55 h to 4.4 h. The number of rainfall events, mean rainfall intensity, and geometric mean event duration differed under different criteria of individual rainfall depths, except that for an individual rainfall depth of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mm. The aforementioned features differed only at the lowest range of the mean rainfall intensity and depth for MIT=3 and 6 h. These findings suggest that identification of event-based rainfall in this specific arid region can be better achieved by setting the MIT at six hours. The wide variation in rainfall event properties indicate the need for paying more attention to the proper selection and reporting of event criteria in studies that adopt event-based data analysis. This is especially true in quantifying effective rainfall for soil water replenishment in terms of rainfall depth and intensity with infrequent rainfall events.
文摘[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,测定了土壤养分和参与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)循环的5种胞外酶活性,随后利用单因素方差分析、土壤胞外酶化学计量学模型和主坐标分析(PCoA)研究不同撂荒年限下土壤养分和胞外酶活性及其生态化学计量的变化规律及影响因子。[结果]随着撂荒年限的增加,土壤C和N获取酶活性显著减小,而P获取酶活性显著增加;土壤C、N和P含量变化与酶活性变化趋势相反。随撂荒年限延长,土壤微生物的C限制得到缓解,P限制逐渐加强。PCoA拟合环境因子分析结果显示:土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总磷(TP)、速效氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量是驱动酶活性及其计量比变化的关键因子。[结论]撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用,但随撂荒时间延长(20 a以上)会加剧微生物P限制,因此对经过长年撂荒的土地应当适量施用磷肥,以改善其土壤状况。
