Effect of CO_(2)flooding in an oil reservoir with strong bottom-water drive in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

The dissolution and diffusion of CO_(2)in oil and water and its displacement mechanism were investigated by laboratory experiment and numerical simulation for Block 9 in the Tahe oilfield,a sandstone oil reservoir with strong bottom-water drive in Tarim Basin,Northwest China.Such parameters were analyzed as solubility ratio of CO_(2)in oil,gas and water,interfacial tension,in-situ oil viscosity distribution,remaining oil saturation distribution,and oil compositions.The results show that CO_(2)flooding could control water coning and increase oil production.In the early stage of the injection process,CO_(2)expanded vertically due to gravity differentiation,and extended laterally under the action of strong bottom water in the intermediate and late stages.The CO_(2)got enriched and extended at the oil-water interface,forming a high interfacial tension zone,which inhibited the coning of bottom water to some extent.A miscible region with low interfacial tension formed at the gas injection front,which reduced the in-situ oil viscosity by about 50%.The numerical simulation results show that enhanced oil recovery(EOR)is estimated at 5.72%and the oil exchange ratio of CO_(2)is 0.17 t/t.

Extensional tectonics and sedimentary response of the Early—Middle Cambrian passive continental margin,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

The fact that several half-grabens and normal faults developed in the Lower--Middle Cambrian of Tazhong （central Tarim Basin） and Bachu areas in Tarim Basin, northwest China, indicates that Tarim Basin was under extensional tectonic setting at this time. The half-grabens occur within a linear zone and the normal faults are arranged in en echelon patterns with gradually increasing displacement eastward. Extensional tectonics resulted in the formation of a passive continental margin in the southwest and a cratonic margin depression in the east, and most importantly, influenced the development of a three- pronged rift in the northeast margin of the Tarim Basin. The fault system controlled the development of platform -- slope -- bathyal facies sedimentation of mainly limestone-dolomite-gypsum rock-saline rock-red beds in the half-grabens. The NW-SE trending half-grabens reflect the distribution of buried basement faults.

Surface Processes Driving Intracontinental Basin Subsidence in the Context of India–Eurasia Collision:Evidence from Flexural Subsidence Modeling of the Cenozoic Southern Tarim Basin along the West Kunlun Foreland,NW Tibetan Plateau

The India–Eurasia collision has produced a number of Cenozoic deep intracontinental basins,which bear important information for revealing the far-afield responses to the remote collision.Despite their significance,their subsiding mechanism remains the subject of debate,with end-member models attributing it to either orogenic or sedimentary load.In this study,we conduct flexural subsidence modeling with a two-dimensional finite elastic plate model on the Hotan-Mazatagh section along the southern Tarim Basin,which defines a key region in the foreland of the West Kunlun Orogen,along the NW margin of the Tibetan Plateau.The modeling results indicate that the orogenic load of West Kunlun triggers the southern Tarim Basin to subside by up to less than ~6 km,with its impact weakening towards the basin interiors until ~230 km north from the Karakax fault.The sedimentary load,consisting of Cenozoic strata,forces the basin to subside by ~2 to~7 km.In combination with the retreat of the proto-Paratethys Sea and the paleogeographic reorganization of the Tarim Basin,we propose that surface processes,in particular a shift from an exorheic to an endorheic drainage system associated with the consequent thick sedimentary load,played a decisive role in forming deep intracontinental basins in the context of the India-Eurasia collision.

Characteristics of Rare Earth and Trace Element Patterns in Bedded Cherts from the Bottom of the Lower Cambrian in the Northern Tarim Basin, Northwest China and Their Genetic Significance

The sedimentary sequence of the Lower Cambrian is a key interval to reveal the early evolution history of the Earth and there occur widespread cherts worldwide. These cherts possibly carry important information to decipher the breakup process of the Rodinia Continent. Black rock series at the bottom of the Lower Cambrian in the Northern Tarim Basin, China, is composed of black shales interbedded with thin-bedded cherts. Ten chert samples were systematically collected from two outcrops at Xiaoerbulak and Sogatbulak, 8.8 and 7.5 m thick respectively. The cherts were crushed, and were analyzed for trace element and rare earth concentrations. Trace elements such as V, Cu, Zn, U, Pb, Ba, Cd, Ag, Mo, As and Sb are highly enriched, and others such as Rb, Zr, Cs, Hf, Ta, W, Tl, Bi and Th are highly depleted in the cherts. These trace element patterns suggest that the cherts may be of deep crustal origin. The low ratios of Th/U and Rb/Sr further suggest that the cherts are of earth interior sources or received hydrothermal input during their deposition. Chondrite- normalized Eu/Eu* value markedly decreases upward in the section from 5.54 at the lowermost to 0.73 at the top, and NASC-normalized Eu/Eu* value decreases from 8.05 to 1.03. The relatively high Eu/Eu* ratio for the cherts from the northern Tarim Basin is most likely due to a hydrothermal input (e.g., Eu/Eu* ~10). The systematic decrease of Eu/Eu* ratio from the bottom to the top of the section reflects that the hydrothermal input is the largest in the lowermost portion of the section and gradually decreases upward. The chondrite-normalized Ce/Ce* ratio ranges from 0.42 to 0.83, with an average of 0.60. North American Shale Composite (NASC)-normalized Ce/Ce* ratio ranges from 0.42 to 0.79, with an average of 0.57. Negative Ce anomalies are distinct. ΣREEs in the cherts generally increase from 10.50 ppm at the bottom to 35.97 ppm at the top of the sampled section. NASC-normalized (La/Lu) N ratio decreases from 2.72 at the bottom to 0.67 at the top. NASC-normalized (La/Ce) N ratio increases from 1.36 at the bottom to 3.13 at the top. These REE patterns are very similar to those for the cherts deposited in the pelagic ocean-basin floor in the Franciscan Complex exposed at Marin Headlands, California (F-MH chert) (Murray et al., 1991). These geochemical signatures are inconsistent with our previous sedimentological data, which suggests a continental shelf setting. Based on multiple lines of evidence including high TOC content in the concomitant black shales, phosphorite at the bottom of black rock series, regional rise of sea level, and beginning of the southern Tianshan Ocean geotectonic cycle, the authors infer that the hydrothermal fluid was carried to the continental shelf by upwelling from a divergent pelagic ocean floor setting.

Types of the Cambrian platform margin mound-shoal complexes and their relationship with paleogeomorphology in Gucheng area,Tarim Basin,NW China

Based on the observation of outcrops and cores,thin section identification,restoration of paleogeomorphology by residual thickness method,fine description of seismic facies,etc.,the coupling relationships between the development patterns of various types of Cambrian platform margin mound-shoal complexes and paleogeomorphology in the Gucheng area of Tarim Basin have been examined.The Cambrian platform margin mound-shoal complex is divided into mound base,mound core,mound front,mound back and mound flat microfacies,which are composed of dolomites of seven textures with facies indication.The different paleogeomorphology before the deposition of mound-shoal complex in each period was reconstructed,and three types of mound-shoal complex sedimentary models corresponding to the paleogeomorphologies of four stages were established:namely,the first stage of gentle slope symmetric accretion type,the second stage of steep slope asymmetric accretion type and the third and fourth stages of steep slope asymmetric progradation type.Their microfacies are respectively characterized by-mound base-mound back+(small)mound core+mound front-mound flat"symmetric vertical accretion structure,"mound base-(large)mound core+mound front-mound flat"asymmetric vertical accretion structure,"mound base-(small)mound core+mound front-mound flat"asymmetric lateral progradation structure.With most developed favorable reservoir facies belt,the steep slope asymmetric accretion type mound-shoal complex with the characteristics of"large mound and large shoal"is the exploration target for oil and gas reservoir.

THE SEQUENCE OF PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES SINCE ABOUT 4KA B.P., RECORDED BY NIYA SECTION IN SOUTHERN MARGIN OF TARIM BASIN

Through synthetic researches of multi-index geological records of Niya section, which are of high resolution in southern margin of Tarim Basin, this paper has reconstructed the sequences of paleoclimate in this region during historical times (since about 4000a B.P.). During the last 4000 years, the area has experienced alternations of relative cold-moisture and relative warm-dry periods. Three evident cold-moisture periods and three warm-dry periods are identifing. The study shows that the human activities have an intimate relation with the evolution of paleoclimate in the southern Xinjiang. Paleoclimate has played very important role in influencing human being′s agricultural activities.

Cenozoic tectono-sedimentary characteristics and extension model of the Northwest Sub-basin,South China Sea

Based on the interpretations of three seismic profiles and one wide-angle seismic profile across the Northwest Sub-basin,South China Sea.stratigraphic sequences,deformation characteristics and an extension model for this sub-basin have been worked out.Three tectonic-stratigraphic units are determined.Detailed analyses of extension show that the event occurred mainly during the Paleogene and resulted in the formation of half-grabens or grabens distributed symmetrically around the spreading center.Sediments are characterized by chaotic and discontinuous reflectors,indicating clastic sediments. Farther to the southwest,the sub-basin features mainly continental rifting instead of sea-floor spreading. The rifting would have been controlled by the shape of the massif and developed just along the northern edge of the Zhongsha-Xisha Block,rather than joined the Xisha Trough.After 25 Ma.a southward ridge jump triggered the opening of the Southwest Sub-basin.The NW-directed stress caused by the sea-floor spreading of the Northwest Sub-basin may have prevented the continuous opening of the sub-basin.After that the Northwest Sub-basin experienced thermal cooling and exhibited broad subsidence.The deep crustal structure shown by the velocity model from a wide-angle seismic profile is also symmetrical around the spreading center,which indicates that the Northwest Sub-basin might have opened in a pure shear model.

Types,structural evolution difference and petroleum geological significance of Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate platforms in Gucheng-Xiaotang area,Tarim Basin,NW China

Based on the latest drilling cores,thin sections,and 3D seismic data,types,features,and evolution processes of Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate platforms in the Gucheng and Xiaotang areas are studied,and favorable exploration zones in this area are also discussed.There are two types of carbonate platforms developed in the Cambrian-Ordovician in the Gucheng-Xiaotang area,namely,carbonate ramp and rimmed platforms,and the evolution process of the platform in the Gucheng area is different from that in Xiaotang area.In the Early Cambrian,the study area was a homoclinal carbonate ramp.During the Middle to Late Cambrian,it evolved into a rimmed platform,with 5 phases of mound shoals developed.In the southern area,mound shoals were in progradational arrangement and the third and fourth stages of mound shoals suffering exposure and further developed abundant karst vugs.In the northern area,the mound shoals appeared in a superposition of aggradation-weak progradation,the third,fourth,and fifth stages of mound shoals suffered exposure and dissolution,and the platform slope developed gravity flow deposits.In the Early to Middle Ordovician,the southern area gradually evolved into a distally steepened carbonate ramp,where retrogradational dolomitic shoal developed;while the northern part experienced an evolution process from a weakly rimmed platform to a distally steepened carbonate ramp,and developed two or three stages of retrogradational mound shoals.The high-frequency oscillation of sea level and local exposure and dissolution were beneficial to the formation of mound or shoal reservoirs in platform margin and ramp,and the configuration of these reservoirs with low energy slope-basin facies source rocks could form good oil-gas enrichment zones.The dolomitic shoal in the Ordovician platform ramp is the practical exploration field for increasing reserve and production in the Gucheng area.The mound shoal at the Cambrian rimmed platform margin is the key exploration object in the Xiaotang area.In addition,the Cambrian slope gravity flow deposits can be taken as the favorable exploration fields in the study area.

塔里木盆地西北缘沙井子断裂带的构造特征与形成演化

塔里木盆地西北缘的沙井子断裂带,位于塔北隆起的温宿凸起和北部坳陷的阿瓦提凹陷之间。它是塔里木盆地的一条一级断裂带,由沙井子断裂、英雄断裂、温宿断裂和沙南断裂组成。其中沙井子断裂是主干断裂,其它3条是其分支断裂。本轮研究新发现温宿分支断裂,并将沙南断裂解释为英雄断裂前缘的反冲断层,归属沙井子断裂带。沙井子断裂带的雏形形成于奥陶纪末—志留纪初,在泥盆纪末—石炭纪、二叠纪末—三叠纪初、侏罗纪末—白垩纪初、白垩纪末—古近纪初和新近纪—第四纪发生过多期冲断作用和新近纪末—第四纪初的张扭性构造变形后,才最终定型。沙井子断裂带是一条断控油气富集区带,温宿油田、托探1油藏、沙南1油藏、新苏地1油气藏等都受其控制。

The U-Pb chronologic evidence and sedimentary responses of Silurian tectonic activities at northeastern margin of Tarim Basin

U-Pb ages of Devonian detrital zircons from Tabei Uplift have been determined through LA-ICP-MS test technology.The results revealed that most zircon ages concentrate on 460-414 Ma,especially around 436-423 Ma,indicating possible occurrences of strong tectonic events at the northern margin of Tarim Basin during that period.Combined with previous researches on the basin marginal orogenic belts,intense tectonic activities developed at the northeast margin of Tarim Basin and its obvious sedimentary responses in basin during the end of Ordovician to Early-Middle Silurian are discussed.These include(1) several unconformities within the Late Ordovician-Silurian,showing truncation,erosion,and onlap characteristics,which reflected the local uplift formed during the surrounding extrusion process;(2) the Silurian fluvial delta system from northeast to southwest in Keping,Yingmaili,Hade,and Caohu areas,which reflected the partial uplift at the northeast margin and provided clastic supply to basin;and(3) as indicated by heavy mineral analysis,the Silurian sediments came mainly from the recycles of orogenic belts provenance,which indicated the compress tectonic setting.In addition,a wide range of red mudstone layer distribution in the upper part of the Silurian may be closely related to the surrounding tectonic uplift and the rapid decline of sea levels.

塔里木盆地西北缘乌什西次凹的地层系统和构造特征

乌什西次凹位于塔里木盆地西北缘,隶属于库车坳陷的乌什凹陷。它位于南天山主山脉(哈尔克山)和塔里木盆地柯坪—温宿凸起之间。区域构造格局上,这里是塔里木克拉通向西北自然延伸的部分。次凹北缘的阿合奇断裂是南天山造山带和塔里木克拉通的分界。乌什西次凹内发育与柯坪—温宿凸起相似的晚前寒武纪—古生代地层系统,包括寒武系、奥陶系和石炭系的烃源岩。新近系—第四系碎屑岩建造直接不整合于变形的古生代被动大陆边缘碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩沉积建造之上;剖面上,向南天山方向加厚,向塔里木克拉通方向减薄,呈现典型的前陆盆地剖面结构特征。这是一个晚新生代陆内前陆盆地,叠加在晚海西期—燕山期古隆起之上。这里的构造变形主要有3期,分别是中海西期、晚海西期—印支期和晚喜山期。变形以厚皮冲断构造及其相关褶皱为主,薄皮构造不发育。平面上,主构造线走向NE-SW。剖面上,以南天山向塔里木冲断为主。

Deep structure at northern margin of Tarim Basin

In this paper, a 2D velocity structure of the crust and the upper mantle of the northern margin of the Tarim Basin (TB) has been obtained by ray tracing and theoretical seismogram calculation under the condition of 2D lateral inhomogeneous medium using the data of seismic wide angle reflection/refraction profile from Baicheng to Da Qaidam crossing the Kuqa Depression (KD) and Tabei Uplift (TU). And along the Baicheng to Da Qaidam profile, 4 of the 10 shot points are located in the northern margin of the TB. The results show that the character of the crust is uniform on the whole between the KD and TU, but the depth of the layers, thickness of the crust and the velocity obviously vary along the profile. Thereinto, the variation of the crust thickness mainly occurs in the middle and lower crust. The Moho has an uplifting trend near the Baicheng shot point in KD and Luntai shot point in TU, and the thickness of the crust reduces to 42 km and 47 km in these two areas, respectively. The transition zone between the KD and TU has a thickest crust, up to 52 km. In this transition zone, there are high velocity anoma-lies in the upper crust, and low velocity anomalies in the lower crust, these velocity anomalies zone is near vertical, and the sediment above them is thicker than the other areas. According to the velocity distributions, the profile can be divided into three sections:KD, TU and transition zone between them. Each section has a special velocity structural feature, the form of the crystalline basement and the relationship between the deep structure and the shallow one. The differences of velocity and tectonic between eastern and western profile in the northern margin of the Tarim Basin (NMTB) may suggest different speed and intensity of the subduction from the Tarim basin to the Tianshan orogenic belt (TOB).

塔里木盆地西北缘克孜勒布拉克南沟乌拉尔统巴立克立克组生物礁地质特征

塔里木盆地西北缘二叠系巴立克立克组广泛发育具有油气勘探意义的巨厚台地边缘生物礁,本文对塔西北克孜勒布拉克南沟出露的典型的二叠系巴立克立克组生物礁进行了详细的宏微观研究。该套生物礁以生屑滩为礁基,礁核下部主要为蓝绿藻建造的各类微生物岩,其结构组分主要为凝块及破碎的微凝块,次为叠层石,此时的水体能量较低;礁核上部局部发育叶状藻礁,并伴生大量的海生底栖动物,此时礁体开始暴露在浪基面之上,大量发育角砾状灰岩,并遭受大气淡水岩溶的改造。除了台缘带外,塔西北柯坪地区同期的局限台地中也发育小规模的、具微生物岩特征的台内礁滩体,说明该时期区域上的环境条件普遍适宜造礁。巴立克立克组的该套礁滩体的形成时间为乌拉尔世阿瑟尔期晚期—萨克马尔期,这与乌拉尔世塔里木大火成岩省早期阶段相当,因此,推测该套礁滩体的形成和当时的火山活动产生的火山灰导致南天山洋残余海盆的海水“富营养化”有关。藻类的爆发使得巴立克立克组礁滩体的δ^(13)C值较之康克林组的碳酸盐岩呈现显著正偏移。但是,巴立克立克组的礁滩体受胶结作用等建设性成岩作用的改造程度较深,利于“成岩”,不利“成储”,使得区域上巴立克立克组的礁滩体尽管相带较好,但储渗性极差,唯有受构造裂缝改造部分可发育高渗层。因此,可以确定:塔西北乌拉尔世巴立克立克组的礁滩储层基本不受相控,主要发育裂缝型储层。因此,今后对于塔西北二叠系礁滩油气藏的勘探应重点关注构造裂缝发育段。本研究对今后塔西北巴立克立克组生物礁优质储层预测提供了科学依据,对于我国乃至世界范围内二叠系微生物岩的研究也有一定助益。

塔里木盆地富满油田富东1井奥陶系重大发现及意义

位于塔里木盆地阿瓦提凹陷—满加尔凹陷过渡带的富东1井在奥陶系鹰山组2段台缘高能滩获得重大突破,对碳酸盐岩内幕区成藏具有重要意义。通过对富东1井成藏条件、储层特征、油气来源的深入研究,明确了富满油田东部深层寒武系玉尔吐斯组供烃、台缘高能滩成储、上覆致密碳酸盐岩成盖的生储盖组合,并建立了“寒武系供烃、次级网状断裂沟通油源、纵向输导、断控台缘高能滩复合油气成藏”新模式。富东1井的成功钻探,证实了台缘高能滩叠合次级网状断裂改造具备成储成藏能力,突破了早期认为的8000m以下超深层碳酸盐岩高能滩的勘探禁区,拓展了断控碳酸盐岩油气藏模式。同时,也是以台缘高能滩体+次级网状断裂油气藏为勘探思路的成功实践,打开了轮南—富满台缘带勘探新局面,有望引领塔里木盆地超深层复杂海相碳酸盐岩的勘探。

塔里木盆地西南缘生物礁特征——以阿尔塔什剖面石炭系和什拉甫组为例

通过野外露头观察与镜下薄片鉴定,综合分析了塔里木盆地西南缘(以下简称塔西南盆地)阿尔塔什剖面石炭系和什拉甫组生物礁沉积特征和成礁模式,认为研究区生物礁为开阔台地内部发育的点礁,分为高凸起型点礁和低凸起型点礁2类;造礁生物为四射珊瑚,附礁生物种类较多,包括腕足类、腹足类、海百合与䗴类等;生物礁在地貌上呈隆起状,其礁基、礁核、礁盖等亚相清晰。综合研究区生物礁发育特征及古地貌和海平面的演化过程认为:高凸起型点礁是生长在台地内地貌高处的生物礁,随着海平面下降暴露死亡,主要由珊瑚骨架灰岩、含生物碎屑颗粒灰岩组成;低凸起型点礁为在台地内部较为平坦地貌处发育的礁体,因海平面上升被淹死,礁体厚度薄,横向展布广,呈条带状,主要由珊瑚骨架灰岩与生物碎屑泥晶灰岩组成。

塔里木盆地北缘二叠纪巴立克立克组凝灰岩年代学、地球化学及构造意义

塔里木盆地北缘广泛分布的二叠纪火山岩,对于理解天山造山带晚古生代构造演化具有重要研究意义。本文以哈拉峻地区巴立克立克组凝灰岩为研究对象,开展了地球化学、年代学和Lu-Hf同位素研究,结果显示凝灰岩富硅(SiO2=74.59%~76.18%)、富碱(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O=7.48%~7.79%)、低铝(Al_(2)O_(3)=13.80%~14.29%),属于钾玄质过铝质流纹岩类;具轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,具Eu弱正异常,相对富集Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),Nb/Ta值平均为16.60,Sr/Y值平均为2.42,Mg^(#)值平均为34.71;LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析结果显示巴立克立克组凝灰岩的结晶年龄为280.47±2.58 Ma,εHf(t)值为-0.73~2.12,二阶段模式年龄(t_(DM2))为1318~1145Ma。结合塔里木盆地北缘早二叠世的构造演化、岩浆活动及沉积分布等信息,指出巴立克立克组沉积于南天山洋壳向塔里木板块俯冲的板内裂谷盆地中,具非造山板内岩浆岩特征,可能为地幔柱作用背景下,岩石圈地幔底侵导致地壳物质部分熔融的产物,继承了壳源和幔源的双重源区特征。

塔里木盆地西北地区震旦系苏盖特布拉克组潮坪相碎屑岩成岩作用与成岩演化研究

塔里木盆地西北地区苏盖特布拉克组发育一套潮坪相沉积,是该层系油气勘探的主要目标。基于什艾日克剖面、奇格布拉克剖面、肖尔布拉克剖面的地质测量,采用薄片鉴定、阴极发光、扫描电镜、流体包裹体测温及黏土矿物X衍射等分析手段开展海相碎屑岩成岩作用和成岩演化研究,为塔里木盆地苏盖特布拉克组进一步开展油气勘探部署和甜点储层预测提供地质依据。结果表明:(1)研究区苏盖特布拉克组发育潮坪沉积环境的砂体,砂岩类型以岩屑石英砂岩、岩屑砂岩为主,偶见长石岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等;(2)苏盖特布拉克组砂岩经历了压实(溶)作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用及交代作用等成岩作用,压实作用是造成储层致密的直接原因,钙质胶结和硅质胶结是储层致密化的根本因素;(3)苏盖特布拉克组砂岩的成岩演化阶段已达到中成岩B期,成岩演化序列为:压实作用/自生黏土矿物(绿泥石)环边—第一期长石、岩屑溶蚀作用—第一期硅质胶结—第一期泥微晶方解石胶结/压溶作用/黏土矿物的伊利化—第二次硅质胶结/第二期铁方解石胶结—钙质胶结物溶蚀。据此建立的成岩演化模式为塔里木盆地超深层致密砂岩中甜点储层预测提供可靠的地质依据。

昌都—芒康盆地西北缘始新世煌斑岩岩石成因及其对构造环境的指示——岩石地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学约束

煌斑岩是反映深部构造-岩浆作用和源区地球化学性质的良好地质体。本文对昌都—芒康盆地西北缘出露的煌斑岩脉进行系统研究,煌斑岩中锆石U-Pb同位素年龄通过LA-ICP-MS测定,得到其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(36.05±0.29)Ma、(35.89±0.32)Ma、(37.67±0.16)Ma,该年龄值基本代表岩体的岩浆结晶时代,据此将研究区煌斑岩脉体形成时代归属为始新世。地球化学分析表明,煌斑岩属于钙碱性弱钾质—钾质系列,具有大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素富集,高场强元素和稀土元素亏损的成分特征。综合分析表明煌斑岩具有俯冲带幔源岩石的成分特征,属于“俯冲-隆升”模式下新生代构造岩浆演化碰撞晚期构造环境的岛弧岩浆岩。在始新世(35~37 Ma)澜沧江构造带与金沙江结合带之间的走滑深大断裂构造带发生的大规模水平错移,导致局部区域发生俯冲,上涌的软流圈亏损地幔加热了地壳物质,导致其部分熔融,形成煌斑岩。

柴达木盆地西北缘交通社石墨矿矿床地质特征及成因研究

交通社石墨矿位于柴达木盆地西北缘阿尔金山地区,区内构造、岩浆活动强烈,矿体赋存于古元古界达肯大板岩群石墨石英片岩、含石墨石英岩内,呈层状、似层状产出。该套变质地层经历区域变质和混合岩化作用多重改造,以及后期多期岩浆岩侵入,为石墨矿形成创造了条件。本文对交通社晶质石墨矿床的地质特征进行了详细分析,并对矿床成因、找矿标志进行了探讨,为柴达木盆地西北缘地区石墨矿成矿规律研究提供了可靠的技术支撑。

柴达木盆地西北缘交通社金矿地质特征及找矿前景

交通社金矿床位于柴达木盆地西北缘,矿体主要赋存于北西向及近东西向蚀变破碎带内,含矿地层为古元古界达肯大坂岩群片麻岩组,含矿岩性主要为强蚀变硅化褐铁矿化石英片岩、褐铁矿化碎裂岩。研究工作在矿区内圈出构造破碎蚀变带12条,圈定金矿体5条,矿体品位较高且规模较大。通过研究认为该矿床成因属于中-低温热液型矿床,矿床类型属构造蚀变岩型矿床,初步分析该地区具有良好的找矿前景和找矿潜力。