A highly sensitive LITES sensor based on a multi-pass cell with dense spot pattern and a novel quartz tuning fork with low frequency

A highly sensitive light-induced thermoelectric spectroscopy(LITES)sensor based on a multi-pass cell(MPC)with dense spot pattern and a novel quartz tuning fork(QTF)with low resonance frequency is reported in this manuscript.An erbi-um-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA)was employed to amplify the output optical power so that the signal level was further enhanced.The optical path length(OPL)and the ratio of optical path length to volume(RLV)of the MPC is 37.7 m and 13.8 cm^(-2),respectively.A commercial QTF and a self-designed trapezoidal-tip QTF with low frequency of 9461.83 Hz were used as the detectors of the sensor,respectively.The target gas selected to test the performance of the system was acetylene(C2H2).When the optical power was constant at 1000 mW,the minimum detection limit(MDL)of the C2H2-LITES sensor can be achieved 48.3 ppb when using the commercial QTF and 24.6 ppb when using the trapezoid-al-tip QTF.An improvement of the detection performance by a factor of 1.96 was achieved after replacing the commer-cial QTF with the trapezoidal-tip QTF.

Prevention and Nursing of Adverse Reactions of Novel Coronavirus Inactivated Vaccine (Vero Cells)

Objective:To discuss and analyze the causes of adverse reactions caused by the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),and to propose methods of prevention and care.Methods:A questionnaire was used to randomly select 229 adults who were vaccinated with the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells)at Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital).The adverse reactions were statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 229 adults vaccinated with the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),30 experienced vaccination reactions.The main reaction was local induration at the inoculation site,and dizziness was the primary systemic symptom.Conclusion:To reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to the inactivated novel coronavirus vaccine(Vero cells),it is necessary to effectively evaluate the health status of adults before vaccination,select the correct vaccination site,and strictly implement the rules of 3-inspections,7-checks,and 1-verification.Standardizing the operation process and providing thorough health education after vaccination can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Milli-Joule pulses post-compressed from 14 ps to 475 fs in bulk-material multi-pass cell based on cylindrical vector beam

A cylindrical vector beam is utilized to enhance the energy scale of the pulse post-compressed in a bulk-material Herriott multi-pass cell(MPC).The method proposed here enables,for the first time to the best of our knowledge,pulse compression from 14 ps down to 475 fs with throughput energy beyond 1 mJ,corresponding to a compression ratio of 30,which is the highest pulse energy and compression ratio in single-stage bulk-material MPCs.Furthermore,we demonstrate the characteristic of the vector polarization beam is preserved in the MPC.

Novel miRNA, miR-sc14, promotes Schwann cell proliferation and migration

MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.Previously,using a rat sciatic nerve injury model,we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs,including miR-sc14.Here,we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps.Our results show that miRsc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury,being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days.EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while miR-sc14 inhiThe study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).bitor suppressed their proliferation and migration.Additionally,bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14,and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene.Specifically,our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury.Appropriately,up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Consequently,miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury.The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).

Novel Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Genes with EBV-infectious Diseases in Children

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors （KIRs） which are mainly expressed on natural killer （NK） cells are implicated in many virus infections. However, it is unclear whether or not KIRs are associated with susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） infection related diseases. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate possible correlation between polymorphisms of KIR genes and infectious mononucleosis （IM）/EBV-associated hemophagocytic Iymphohistiocytosis （EBV-HLH）. The polymorphisms of KIR genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers （PCR-SSP）. The results would contribute to clarify the association of KIRs with EBV induced diseases, and provide new insights into the role of NK cells and innate immune response against viral infections and/or subsequent progression.

H2 Stimulated Raman Scattering in a Multi-pass Cell with a Herriott Configuration

Stimulated raman scattering （SRS） is an effective method for expanding the spectral range of high power lasers, especially in the regime of near IR and middle IR. We report the SRS of high pressure H2 with a multiple-pass cell configuration. The SRS with the multiple-pass cell configuration is found to be very efficient for reduction of threshold of the first Stokes （S1）. Due to the coherent SRS （CSRS） process, the multiple-pass cell configuration is more effective for reduction of the threshold for the second Stokes （S2） SRS and for increasing the conversion efficiency of S2. This contributes to the relatively low conversion efficiency of S1 for the multiple-pass cell configuration. Multiple-pass cell SRS is also found to be very effective for improving the beam quality and the stability of S1.

Epithelial cell adhesion efficacy of a novel peptide identified by panning on a smooth titanium surface

Epithelial attachment via the basal lamina on the tooth surface provides an important structural defence mechanism against bacterial invasion in combating periodontal disease. However, when considering dental implants, strong epithelial attachment does not exist throughout the titanium-soft tissue interface, making soft tissues more susceptible to peri-implant disease. This study introduced a novel synthetic peptide(A10) to enhance epithelial attachment. A10 was identified from a bacterial peptide display library and synthesized. A10 and protease-activated receptor 4-activating peptide(PAR4-AP, positive control) were immobilized on commercially pure titanium. The peptide-treated titanium showed high epithelial cell migration ability during incubation in platelet-rich plasma. We confirmed the development of dense and expanded BL(stained by Ln5) with pericellular junctions(stained by ZO1) on the peptide-treated titanium surface. In an adhesion assay of epithelial cells on A10-treated titanium, PAR4-AP-treated titanium, bovine root and non-treated titanium, A10-treated titanium and PAR4-AP-treated titanium showed significantly stronger adhesion than non-treated titanium. PAR4-AP-treated titanium showed significantly higher inflammatory cytokine release than non-treated titanium. There was no significant difference in inflammatory cytokine release between A10-treated and non-treated titanium. These results indicated that A10 could induce the adhesion and migration of epithelial cells with low inflammatory cytokine release. This novel peptide has a potentially useful application that could improve clinical outcomes with titanium implants and abutments by reducing or preventing peri-implant disease.

ERK phosphorylation functions in invadopodia formation in tongue cancer cells in a novel silicate fibre-based 3D cell culture system

To screen for additional treatment targets against tongue cancer, we evaluated the contributions of extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK), AKT and ezrin in cancer development. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ERK and ezrin expressions were significantly higher in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than in carcinoma in situ. To investigate the roles of ERK and ezrin in cancer development, we used the non-woven silica fibre sheet Cellbedwith a structure resembling the loose connective tissue morphology in a novel 3 D culture system. We confirmed that the 3 D system using CellbedTMaccurately mimicked cancer cell morphology in vivo. Furthermore, cell projections were much more apparent in 3 D-cultured tongue cancer cell lines than in 2 D cultures. Typically, under conventional 2 D culture conditions, F-actin and cortactin are colocalized in the form of puncta within cells.However, in the 3 D-cultured cells, colocalization was mainly observed at the cell margins, including the projections. Projections containing F-actin and cortactin colocalization were predicted to be invadopodia. Although suppressing ezrin expression with small interfering RNA transfection caused no marked changes in morphology, cell projection formation was decreased, and the tumour thickness in vertical sections after 3 D culture was markedly decreased after suppressing ERK activity because both the invasion ability and proliferation were inhibited. An association between cortactin activation as well as ERK activity and invadopodia formation was detected. Our novel 3 D culture systems using Cellbed? are simple and useful for in vitro studies before conducting animal experiments. ERK contributes to tongue cancer development by increasing both cancer cell proliferation and migration via cortactin activation.

Novel heat shock protein Hsp70L1 activates dendritic cells and acts as a Th1 polarizing adjuvant

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are reported to act as effective adjuvants to elicit anti-tumor and anti-infection immunity. Here, we report that Hsp70-like protein 1 (Hsp70L1), a novel HSP derived from human dendritic cells (DCs), has potent adjuvant effects that polarize responses toward Th1. With a calculated molecular weight of 54.8 kDa, Hsp70L1 is smaller in size than Hsp70 but resembles it both structurally and functionally. Hsp70L1 shares common receptors on DCs with Hsp70 and can interact with DCs, promoting DC maturation and stimulating secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the chemokines IP-10, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). The induction of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) secretion by Hsp70L1 is not shared by Hsp70, and other functional differences include more potent stimulation of DC IL-12p70, CC-chemokine, and CCR7 and CXCR4 expression by Hsp70L1. Immunization of mice with the hybrid peptide Hsp70L1-ovalbumin(OVA)(257-264) induces an OVA(257-264)-specific Th1 response and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) that results in significant inhibition of E.G7-OVA tumor growth. The ability of Hsp70L1 to activate DCs indicates its potential as a novel adjuvant for use with peptide immunizations; the Hsp70L1 antigen peptide hybrid may serve as a more effective vaccine for the control of cancer and infectious diseases.

Single-cell RNA sequencing in cornea research:Insights into limbal stem cells and their niche regulation

The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye,which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision.Its continuous renewal or wound healing depends on the proliferation and differentiation of limbal stem cells(LSCs),a cell population that resides at the limbus in a highly regulated niche.Dysfunction of LSCs or their niche can cause limbal stem cell deficiency,a disease that is manifested by failed epithelial wound healing or even blindness.Nevertheless,compared to stem cells in other tissues,little is known about the LSCs and their niche.With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing,our understanding of LSC characteristics and their microenvironment has grown considerably.In this review,we summarized the current findings from single-cell studies in the field of cornea research and focused on important advancements driven by this technology,including the heterogeneity of the LSC population,novel LSC markers and regulation of the LSC niche,which will provide a reference for clinical issues such as corneal epithelial wound healing,ocular surface reconstruction and interventions for related diseases.

“Standby” EMT and “immune cell trapping” structure as novel mechanisms for limiting neuronal damage after CNS injury

The central nervous system （CNS） contains the two most important organs, the brain and spinal cord, for the orchestration of the mental and physical activities of life. Because of its importance, the human body has evolved barrier systems to protect CNS tissue from the external environment. This barrier is a membrane composed of tightly apposed cells and is selectively permeable to specific molecules by way of membrane transporters.

ESTABLISHMENT OF A NOVEL CELL LINE (HNE_(1)) DERIVED FROM A NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

A novel epithelial cell line, designated HNE1 was established from a biopsy specimen of a naso-pharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Electron microscopic examination of the HNE1 cells demonstrated bi-directional differentiation, with some cells displaying features of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, while other cells appeared to have the morphology of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The HNE1 cell line has been passaged more than 100 times over a period of one year. We recently reported that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA) was detected in a low pe rcentage of the HNE1 cells examined at subcultures 5-81; the cells were also shown to be EBV DNA positive. Tumorigenicity of the HNE1 cells was demonstrated by xentransplanta tion in athymic nude mice. The developed tumors were characterized as well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas upon histological examination. Kar yotypic analysis of the HNE1 cells demonstrated an aneuploidy with a modal chromosomal number of 74 at passage 5 and 101 at passage 20; 15 marker chromosomes were identified. The frequency of spontaneous sister chromatid exchange was found ot be very high (87.6±0.4/cell).

Biological behaviors of two novel syngeneic human osteosarcoma cell lines

Objective To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of two novel human osteosarcoma cell lines,Zos and Zos-M,established respectively from the primary site and the skip metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient.Methods Two

抑制细胞自噬提高KPT-330抗套细胞淋巴瘤效应

目的:探讨新型CRM1抑制剂(KPT-330)对套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL)细胞自噬的影响,以及有无自噬溶酶体抑制剂,KPT-330对MCL细胞增殖的影响。方法:应用CCK-8法检测KPT-330体外对MCL细胞(Z-138、Jeko-1、Granta-519、Rec-1)增殖的影响;通过MDC染色分析自噬体的形成和Western blot检测LC3B的切割以探讨KPT-330对MCL细胞自噬的影响;进一步联合应用自噬溶酶体抑制剂氯喹(CQ),观察其对KPT-330导致LC3B-Ⅱ增加的影响。通过CalcuSyn联合用药软件分析CQ与KPT-330的联合用药指数(Combination index,CI)。结果:新型CRM1抑制剂KPT-330对MCL细胞株(Z-138、Jeko-1、Granta-519、Rec-1)的增殖有明显的抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖性(r分别为:0.930,0.946,0.691,0.968)。KPT-330作用于Jeko-1细胞和Granta-519细胞后,导致自噬泡形成增加,LC3B-Ⅱ表达增加,并具有浓度依赖性(r=0.993,r=0.971),表明,KPT-330导致MCL细胞自噬体形成增加。CQ联合KPT-330导致Jeko-1、Granta-519细胞LC3B-Ⅱ表达高于单药CQ或单药KPT-330(P<0.05)。CalcuSyn 2.0软件分析结果提示KPT-330和CQ联合应用可以产生协同抗MCL效应。结论:新型CRM1小分子靶向抑制剂KPT-330具有体外抑制MCL细胞株Z-138、Jeko-1、Granta-519、Rec-1增殖,诱导Jeko-1、Granta-519细胞自噬的作用;KPT-330联合CQ可产生协同抗MCL作用,为临床联合用药提供了实验依据。

Drug repurposing: A novel strategy to target cancer stem cells and therapeutic resistance

Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy.However,in most cases,it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure.Furthermore,chemotherapy is associated with severe adverse effects,one of the major complications of effective cancer therapy.In addition,newly published research outputs show that cancer stem cells are involved in cancer disease progression,drug resistance,metastasis,and recurrence and that they are functional in the trans-differentiation capacity of cancer stem cells to cancer cells in response to treatments.Novel strategies are therefore required for better management of cancer therapy.The prime approach would be to synthesize and develop novel drugs that need extensive resources,time,and endurance to be brought into therapeutic use.The subsequent approach would be to screen the anti-cancer activity of avail-able non-cancerous drugs.This concept of repurposing non-cancer drugs as an alternative to current cancer therapy has become popular in recent years because using existing anticancer drugs has several adverse effects.Micronutrients have also been investigated for cancer ther-apy due to their significant anti-cancer effects with negligible or no side effects and availabil-ity in food sources.In this paper,we discuss an ideal hypothesis for screening available non-cancerous drugs with anticancer activity,with a focus on cancer stem cells and their clinical application for cancer treatment.Further,drug repurposing and the combination of micronu-trients that can target both cancers and cancer stem cells may result in a better therapeutic approach leading to maximum tumor growth control.

Mid-infrared Optical Frequency Comb-based Fourier Transform Spectrometer for Broadband Molecular Spectroscopy

Optical frequency combbased Fourier transform spectroscopy has the features of broad spectral bandwidth,high sensitivity,andmultiplexed trace gas detection,which has valuable application potential in the fields of precision spectroscopy and trace gas detection.Here,we report the development of a mid-infrared Fourier transform spectrometer based on an optical frequency comb combined with a Herriott-type multipass cell.Using this instrument,the broadband absorption spectra of several important molecules,including methane,acetylene,water molecules and nitrous oxide,are measured by near real-time data acquisition in the 2800-3500 cm^(-1)spectral region.The achieved minimum detectable absorption of the instrument is 4.4×10^(-8)cm^(-1)·Hz^(-1/2)per spectral element.Broadband spectra of H_(2)0 are fited using the Voigt profile multispectral fitting technique and the consistency of the concentration inversion is 1%.Our system also enables precise spectroscopic measurements,and it allows the determination of the spectral line positions and upper state constants of N_(2)O in the(0002)-(1000)band,with results in good agreement with those reported by Toth[Appl.Opt.30,5289(1991)].

新型食管细胞采集器在蒙古族与汉族食管癌高危人群中的应用研究——蒙古族与汉族细胞学检查结果危险因素分析

目的验证新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查对食管癌的筛查效能,调查分析蒙古族与汉族细胞学检查结果及高危因素。方法(1)选取就诊于包头医学院第二附属医院的1196例食管癌高危人群,采集食管细胞,完善内镜检查及食管的黏膜活检,以上消化道内镜活检组织病理学为金标准,验证细胞学检查的诊断效能;(2)选取包头地区参与食管癌筛查的9256例汉族人群及572例蒙古族人群作为研究对象,以问卷调查形式收集受试者一般资料,饮食习惯、生活习惯等信息,通过新型食管细胞采集器采集食管细胞,采用Logistic回归分析汉族与蒙古族细胞学阳性的危险因素。结果(1)新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查具有较好的食管癌筛查能力,灵敏度(92.86%)、特异度(99.58%)、PPV(72.22)、NPV(99.92%)、PLR(221.10)、NLR(0.07)、约登指数(0.92)、ROC曲线下面积为0.961(0.923~1.0),截断值取2.50时,灵敏度为92.90%,特异度为88.20%;(2)蒙古族人群细胞学阳性率2.27%高于汉族人群的1.12%(P<0.05);饮酒者占比、热烫饮食习惯人群占比、食用腌制食品人群占比均高于汉族人群(P<0.05);经Logistics回归分析得出汉族人群的危险因素为,性别(OR=0.381,95%CI:0.256~0.568)、年龄(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.067~1.116)、饮酒(OR=1.693,95%CI:1.150~2.492)、吸烟(OR=2.127,95%CI:1.439~3.143);蒙古族人群的危险因素为性别(OR=0.174,95%CI:0.047~0.638)、年龄(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.052~1.200)、饮酒(OR=3.945,95%CI:1.074~14.489)。结论①新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查对食管癌有较好的筛查效能;②蒙古族人群中性别、年龄、饮酒、热烫饮食习惯是导致细胞学诊断阳性的主要风险因素,汉族人群中性别、年龄、饮酒、吸烟是导致细胞学诊断阳性的主要风险因素。

新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查在早期食管癌筛查中的应用研究

目的评价新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查在早期食管癌筛查中的诊断效能。方法纳入四川省人民医院、南充市中心医院、盐亭县人民医院符合条件的体检人群,进行胃镜检查和新型食管细胞采集器检查,以胃镜-病理学结果为金标准,评价该检查在不同食管病变中的诊断效能;并绘制ROC曲线评价其对早期食管癌的筛查效能。结果新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查对高级别上皮内瘤变筛查能力最好(灵敏度90.91%,特异度99.737%);对于早期食管癌的筛查ROC曲线下面积为0.946(0.899~0.994),灵敏度为84.20%,特异度为96.20%,约登指数0.804。结论新型食管细胞采集器-食管脱落细胞学检查对各食管病变筛查的特异度超过90%,适合成为早期食管癌的筛查手段。

固体氧化物燃料电池的模型预测VSG调频控制策略

新型电力系统由于包含了大量新能源和电力电子设备,导致系统缺乏惯量支撑从而影响其频率动态特性。固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide fuel cell,SOFC)作为一种清洁高效稳定的电源,可为系统提供一定的惯量支撑。为了提高系统频率动态特性,提出一种SOFC转动惯量自适应模型预测虚拟同步机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)控制策略。首先,根据同步发电机转子运动方程明确其调频机理。其次,分析频率变化率与转动惯量之间的关系从而确定合适的转动惯量自适应策略。然后,加入模型预测滚动优化,对VSG的输入有功功率进行补偿,并将修正后的有功功率前馈给SOFC,使其可以快速响应负载变化。最后,通过仿真和实验验证了所提方法对系统频率调节的有效性。