Chinese Sources for AfterWards:From Premodern Poetry,Paintings,and Medical Texts to Modern Novels,Film,and Documentaries

This paper focuses on Chinese sources suggested for a narrative medicine(NM)program,called AfterWards.Dr Lauren Small established AfterWards in 2014 and has been coordinating it since out of the Pediatrics Department at Johns Hopkins Medicine.In early 2019,she started giving a series of lectures and workshops about AfterWards to Chinese medical educators and clinicians in Beijing and Shanghai.She created an AfterWards Facilitator’s Guide based on Western-language sources for workshop participants.She also started to organize with Jiang Yuhong(Peking Union Medical College)a workshop for Chinese colleagues to be held at Johns Hopkins Medicine in October 2019.They invited the author to participate.The idea was hatched then to develop Chinese source materials following the AfterWards structure for an updated Facilitator’s Guide that Dr Small had initially written.A typical one-hour AfterWards session consists of a specific five-part structure:a literary text or artwork,an associated theme,discussion topics,a writing exercise,and shared reflection.While the content of the program always changes from session to session,the basic structure remains the same.This paper summarizes the types of Chinese sources and their related narrative-medicine themes that were originally selected for inclusion in the updated AfterWards Facilitator’s Guide intended for Chinese colleagues.These sources about coping with sick family members,aging,and illness ranged from the textual(classical Chinese poems on aging and diagnostic forms for training students)and visual(premodern Chinese paintings and murals of medical encounters)to the fictive(novels)and performative(contemporary Asian-American film in English and Chinese-language film and documentaries).

On Naipaurs novels from reality and acuity

Naipaul＇s novels are real and acute, which reflect many countries and social realities, especially terrible lives and depressed emotions, including human interests, opinions, ideas, consciousnesses, self-acceptance, idea crisis, looking for identity, spiritual trouble, contradiction between religion and life, cultural conflict in colonized countries and post-colonized areas. Such novels are from actual realities, life facts, street matters with miscellaneous, vicissitudinous, and integrative skills and abilities.

Influences of Cultural Differences on Translation of Titles of Novels

With the fast-pacing of globalization,cross-cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Translation of the literary works,or novels is one of the most popular models of cultural exchange. While the translation of novel titles comes with first importance as successful translation of the titles facilitates a bird's eye view of the whole context. However,the translation of novel titles is no easy without consideration of cultural differences which directly influence people's thoughts and understanding. Therefore,translating novel titles requires an overall analysis of such cultural elements as religion,cultural images,way of thinking,and historical allusions.

An Experimental Method to Read Novels Without Literary Criticism

Though novel reading is a common experience to everybody,little has been researched to help average readers to understand a novel.In practice,there are two ways for them to understand a novel:one is to use literary criticism theories and the other is to refer to professional critics'criticism directly.However,the trouble is that the two methods are either time-consuming or far from convincing.In this paper,an experimental reading method is discussed to help average readers enhance reading experience.It aims at reaching the goal of reading without criticism,which,through making clear the aim of reading,putting main focus on the story only,will help readers to have a better understanding of reading.

Nationality and Universality: Cultural Consciousness and Fusion of Horizons in Mo Yan’s Novels from an Intercultural Perspective

Within the structure of globalisation,the field of world culture faces challenges that are manifested in the decline of national culture and the crisis of homogeneity of world culture.In this case,world culture should be promoted as a viable path to prosperity and development if it is done on the basis of adhering to the higher consciousness of national culture,developing intercultural dialogue,with the intention forming a situation of mutual learning and promoting the fusion of horizons.The Chinese Culture,Qilu genetic code and native writing embody Mo Yan’s conscious adherence to national culture,his thorough knowledge of “Seeking Roots” and “Vanguard”,the fusion of national and international characteristics and the integration of his hometown and other countries.These show his enthusiasm and courage in launching intercultural dialogue and reaching towards the fusion of horizons.How to face cultural challenges under this changing world pattern?The successful experience of Mo Yan’s novels provides us with vivid examples.

On The Northeast Regional Culture in Xiao Hong’s Novels

As the literary pride from the black land of northeast China,Xiao hong’s works show the unique regional culture of northeast China.With her meticulous brush strokes,she showed us the distinct geographical environment of the four seasons in north China,the strong local flavor and people’s sentiment,as well as the servility and ferocity of the people in the northeast.Xiao hong’s criticism of callous and ignorant servile characters and his praise of the consciousness of resistance and the indomitable life form,prompts us to think about the“national character”of northeast China and makes us feel the tragedy of society,the philosophy of life and the spirit of poets.

Musicality of Le Clezio’s Novels

Le Clezio takes his novels as art and imbues his novels with elements of music,which abound in his novels.He strikes to present his novels in an artistic way by combining words and the music,thus showing his great concern for the soul and well-being of human kind.This thesis probes into how musical elements are used in his novel to construct identity,make language of the novels musical,and offer a narrative structure.

Graphic Novels as Self-Conscious Contemplative Metatexts： Redefining Comics and Participating in Theoretical Discourse

The long-term biased critical reception of comics did not allow the medium＇s theoretical remodeling, the highlighting of its multidimensionality and complexity, and its establishment as a self-sufficient and serious narrative medium. The creators of graphic novels in an attempt to upgrade and restore their ＂ancestors＇＂ cultural status and to eliminate the negative stigma of the medium, by taking advantage of the self-referencing techniques, they try to redefine comics and reframe the field of their social practice. Graphic novels, even more, either allusively or straightforwardly, aquire metatextual quality, by exercising critique on the artistic phenomenon in general and on comics＇ history and theory in particular. Self-referentiality and metatextuality function as ＇internal legitimization apparatuses of the medium and provide graphic novels the right to participate in the theoretical discourse, negotiate or even rearticulate it.

The Racial Prejudice in City in Paul Auster’s Novels

In Auster’s novels,the racial prejudice occupies a vital part;the whites presently take a majority privileged position in the mainstream culture;both the blacks and Jews become the target of racial prejudice which is vividly embodied in City of Glass:The Graphic Novel,Ghosts,Man in the Dark,In the Country of Last Things.

Naming methods and intention research in English novels

Names are unique phenomenon in human society. People from different countries all have their only names, which generally consist of the first name and the last name. Not only in reality, but also in literary works, they all have their unique names, but the naming methods and intention are different. This paper emphasizes the naming methods and intention in English novels. The names of English novels usually have a richer culture, it embodies the character traits and characters in the novel, such as the outcome of their fate. Therefore, the research of the cultural intention of English novels and translating names accurately is of great significance for literary translation, which also plays an important role in the East-West cultural exchange.

The Impact of Socio-Cultural Contexts on the Reception of Contemporary Saudi Novels

This paper examines how the socio-cultural contexts have affected readers＇ responses to particular Saudi novels. It draws on Fish＇s concept of ＂interpretive communities＂, which argues that interpretation is an institutional practice, and that consequently readers hold shared prior assumptions that constrain their interpretive strategies （Fish 1980）. Not surprisingly then, some responses to Saudi authors are based on the ideological belief that their novels consist of acts of rebellion against a conservative culture. A close reading of the conflict between Saudi novelists and the social responses to their works can reflect how cultural and social contexts shape the reception of contemporary Saudi novels, and can also help to construct public attitudes toward these texts. Saudi novelists have faced a number of social constraints and factors which have affected the development of the novel in Saudi Arabia. For example, works by al-Gosaibi, Munif, Khal, al-Hamad, al-Mohaimeed, Alsanea, and al-luhani have all been banned because they were seen to pose a major threat to the dominant, patriarchal Saudi ideology. While the social controversy around these writers was raging, some other writers applied self-censorship to avoid touching upon what were perceived to be the most sensitive issues.

Interpretation of ancient Chinese novels-- The image-shaping

Novelist has a mission to shape the characters. The reason that Chinese classic novels have amazing artistic charm and immortal literary value ultimately lies in the diverse and distinctive characters that created by the author. From Jingwei and Kua Fu in the early myths to Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in classical novels of mature period, the characters have been talked about for many years. Through the typical image, the author deduces a section of joys and sorrows to the reader, showing the bizarre society. When making interpretation of characters in the ancient novel, we should both root in the social context but also pay attention to authors＇ appraise attitude. Because contemporary readers can not be out of real background, and also be allowed to make a reasonable re-interpretation, in order to make a more accurate, objective and comprehensive grasp of the characters in classical novels.

Local Colorism American Novels of 19th Century

Local Colorism can be seen as a new literature type, which sprung up in 1920s. As a literature trend, local novels open a new road for realistically sentimental novels of view literature. Therefore, this paper is aim to study the Local Colorism American Novels of 19th Century, especially in west and south of American. American southern literature and western literature although established respectively unique sense of place suffer from complex history. And it proves that American literature has been increasingly building it popularity and a new type of literature.

“Defect”and“Compensation”in English Translation of Internet Fantasy Novels Terms

As an important part of network literature,Internet fantasy novels are more and more popular among overseas readers with the development and progress of Internet technology.There are a large number of terms in Internet fantasy novels with traditional Chinese cultural characteristics,making it difficult to translate.In order to better“going global”of Chinese online literature,the“defect”phenomenon in the translation of terms of Internet fantasy novels into English and its reasons behind are clarified,and several“compensation”strategies is provided.

Live And Love——Brave Theme Features In Canadian Classical Novels

Canadian classical works are becoming more and more popular all over the world. People began to understand and mar-vel at the Canadian literatures that are quite life-meaningful and full of lessons and tips for lives. The classic works in CanadianLiteratures that advantageously elaborated the characteristics of sublimation under the background for Canada's particular history,geography, climate, religion, demographic factors, generation, development and continuous construction of Canadian literatures.The greatest masterpieces can highlight powerfully the certain mindset of Canadian and the permanent theme for Canadian Litera-ture: keep working hard for survival and love bravely. Meanwhile, modern people will learn a lot from reading Canadian classic lit-erary works.

The Champion and The Victim of The “Wild lndulgences” of Life and Nature——Jack London and His Novels′ Creation

ＬｉｎＺｕｍｅｉ（ＦｏｒｅｉｇｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＤａｎｄｏｎｇＴｅａｃｈｅｒｓ′ＣｏｌｅｇｅＤａｎｄｏｎｇ１１８００３）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ａｓａｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｒｅａｌｉｓｔｉｃｗｒｉｔｅｒ，ＪａｃｋＬｏｎｄｏｎｗａｓｂｏｌｄ...

An Analysis of Agencies in the Field of Taiwan Residents Detective Novels Production

Since 2000 A.D.,lots of translated detective novels have being published in Taiwan,which demonstrates that detective novel is popular in Taiwan,but there are seldom local detective novels to be published.Through the theory of field of cultural production by Pierre Bourdieu,the paper analyzed how the creators and cultural intermediaries’form of capitals and aesthetics construct the mechanism of the publishing industry,and how the market of detective novels in Taiwan are dominated by foreign products.The study adopted second documentary analysis and in-depth interview.The former is to calculate the published detective novels from 2001 to September 2015 sold in the dominant on-line bookstore,Books.com.tw,in Taiwan,while the latter is to interview 15 related agencies included writers,editors,translators,and a manager of bookstore.The results contain three following issues.Firstly,local production has re-started since 1980’s after a long-time decline.Considering the large cost to cultivate local writers,Taiwan Residents publishers prefer to produce well-known foreign works.Secondly,literary awards are the vital way in the production of local works.The writers receive symbolic capital through awards,and even obtain more opportunities to publish their works or cooperate with other related organization,which means the acquirement of social capital.Finally,the market of local detective novels is forced to be the field of restricted production as a result of supplanted by translated novels.As a consequence,the production of local detective novels becomes popular literature of niche market.

Words' Refining in the Translation of Modern Novels from the Practice of Kong Yiji

Translation plays an important role in the cultural communication.The critical success factor in growing this industry is therefore not about how to automate the process or exploit leading edge technology,but how to develop and upgrade manpower,how to expand the talent pool to meet growing demands for good translation and interpretation services.In addition,translation and interpretation is not just about academic skills.It is about providing the vital linguistic and cultural link between persons and communities of different races,cultures and languages.So that we can communicate better and understand one another more effectively.As the carrier of the culture,novel’s translation seems more important.A lot of famous and classic novels were translated into several different languages to let the world people to share together.It not only promotes the communication but also develop the culture industry.Lu Xun was the pioneer of Chinese movement,running around popularizing the vernacular and the common spoken Chinese.His modern novels were as famous as himself.A lot of them were known by everybody.This paper would analyse one of his classic novel—Kong Yiji.Though the appreciation,you can feel the fascination of words refining and the translation skills and translation theories.

The Ecological Discourse Analysis of Grassland Novels from the Perspec⁃tive of Transitivity System—Taking The Black Steed as a Case Study

The research of the Ecological Discourse Analysis has preliminarily formed abroad,while it is at the initiating stage at home.Guided by Ecocentrism and One Assumption and Three Principles,based on Transitivity System,the paper carries out an Ecological Discourse Analysis to probe into the relationship between human-natural places,human-non-human organisms and human-human of the grassland novel The Black Steed.The language of the novel illustrates the beneficial ecological thoughts of ancient grassland civilization.