目的:探讨葛根芩连汤对高脂饮食诱导追赶生长(CUG)大鼠糖脂代谢的影响及机制。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组(18只)和追赶生长模型组(42只),采用限制饮食后开放高脂饮食的方式建立追赶生长大鼠模型,观察大鼠一般状况、体质量的变化,分...目的:探讨葛根芩连汤对高脂饮食诱导追赶生长(CUG)大鼠糖脂代谢的影响及机制。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组(18只)和追赶生长模型组(42只),采用限制饮食后开放高脂饮食的方式建立追赶生长大鼠模型,观察大鼠一般状况、体质量的变化,分别于第4周、第8周末各组抽取6只大鼠检测空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),评估CUG大鼠胰岛素敏感性及体成分的改变。造模成功后,分别给予葛根芩连汤和吡格列酮干预6周,实验分为6组:正常组、模型组、葛根芩连汤低、中、高剂量组(2.5、5、10 g·kg^(-1))、吡格列酮组(3.125 mg·kg^(-1)),正常组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。实验过程中,记录大鼠体质量的变化,于实验结束时检测FBG、FINS、TG、TC水平,计算HOMA-IR指数;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠骨骼肌组织病理学改变;严格按照试剂盒所示方法检测骨骼肌活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测骨骼肌沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活剂1α(PGC1α)、核因子E_2相关因子1(Nrf1)m RNA的表达;免疫组化法及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测骨骼肌SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1蛋白的表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠FBG有所升高,FINS、HOMA-IR显著升高(P<0.01);血清TG、TC水平明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);大鼠骨骼肌组织肌纤维直径显著增加,肌细胞间的脂肪细胞明显增加;骨骼肌ROS、MDA水平显著升高(P<0.01);SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1 m RNA及蛋白表达明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,葛根芩连汤各剂量组及吡格列酮组大鼠的体质量、FINS、HOMA-IR、TG水平显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),以葛根芩连汤中、高剂量组和吡格列酮组变化最明显;骨骼肌肌间脂肪等间质成分明显减少,肌纤维直径变窄;骨骼肌ROS、MDA水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1 m RNA及蛋白表达均有不同程度升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:葛根芩连汤可以改善CUG大鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,改善IR,其机制可能与调控SIRT1/PGC1α/Nrf1信号通路有关。展开更多
Testosterone deficiency is common in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may correlate with the deterioration of COPD. Clinical research suggests that testosterone replacement therapy m...Testosterone deficiency is common in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may correlate with the deterioration of COPD. Clinical research suggests that testosterone replacement therapy may slow the COPD progression, but the specific biological pathway remains unclear. In this study, we explored the effect of testosterone on pulmonary inflammation in male COPD rats. The animals were co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cigarette to induce COPD. In COPD rats, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and NF-κB p65 were upregulated. In cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-, LPS-, or the combination of CSE and LPS-treated L132 cells, NRF1 and p65 were also upregulated. Silencing NRF1 resulted in the downregulation of p65. ChIP‒seq, ChIP‒qPCR, and luciferase results showed that NRF1 transcriptionally regulated p65. Both male and female COPD rats showed an upregulated NRF1 level and similar pulmonary morphology. But NRF1 was further upregulated in male castrated rats. Further supplementing testosterone in castrated male rats significantly reduced NRF1, pulmonary lesions, and inflammation. Supplementation of testosterone also reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IKKβ induced by LPS or CSE in L132 cells. Our results suggest that testosterone plays a protective role in pulmonary epithelial inflammation of COPD through inhibition of NRF1-derived NF-κB signaling and the phosphorylation of p65.展开更多
Activated G-protein-coupled receptor 39(GPR39)has been shown to attenuate inflammation by interacting with sirtuin 1(SIRT1)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator 1α(PGC-1α).However,whether GPR3...Activated G-protein-coupled receptor 39(GPR39)has been shown to attenuate inflammation by interacting with sirtuin 1(SIRT1)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator 1α(PGC-1α).However,whether GPR39 attenuates neuropathic pain remains unclear.In this study,we established a Sprague-Dawley rat model of spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and found that GPR39 expression was significantly decreased in neurons and microglia in the spinal dorsal horn compared with sham-operated rats.Intrathecal injection of TC-G 1008,a specific agonist of GPR39,significantly alleviated mechanical allodynia in the rats with spared nerve injury,improved spinal cord mitochondrial biogenesis,and alleviated neuroinflammation.These changes were abolished by GPR39 small interfering RNA(siRNA),Ex-527(SIRT1 inhibitor),and PGC-1αsiRNA.Taken together,these findings show that GPR39 activation ameliorates mechanical allodynia by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1αpathway in rats with spared nerve injury.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨葛根芩连汤对高脂饮食诱导追赶生长(CUG)大鼠糖脂代谢的影响及机制。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组(18只)和追赶生长模型组(42只),采用限制饮食后开放高脂饮食的方式建立追赶生长大鼠模型,观察大鼠一般状况、体质量的变化,分别于第4周、第8周末各组抽取6只大鼠检测空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),评估CUG大鼠胰岛素敏感性及体成分的改变。造模成功后,分别给予葛根芩连汤和吡格列酮干预6周,实验分为6组:正常组、模型组、葛根芩连汤低、中、高剂量组(2.5、5、10 g·kg^(-1))、吡格列酮组(3.125 mg·kg^(-1)),正常组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。实验过程中,记录大鼠体质量的变化,于实验结束时检测FBG、FINS、TG、TC水平,计算HOMA-IR指数;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠骨骼肌组织病理学改变;严格按照试剂盒所示方法检测骨骼肌活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测骨骼肌沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活剂1α(PGC1α)、核因子E_2相关因子1(Nrf1)m RNA的表达;免疫组化法及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测骨骼肌SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1蛋白的表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠FBG有所升高,FINS、HOMA-IR显著升高(P<0.01);血清TG、TC水平明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);大鼠骨骼肌组织肌纤维直径显著增加,肌细胞间的脂肪细胞明显增加;骨骼肌ROS、MDA水平显著升高(P<0.01);SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1 m RNA及蛋白表达明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,葛根芩连汤各剂量组及吡格列酮组大鼠的体质量、FINS、HOMA-IR、TG水平显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),以葛根芩连汤中、高剂量组和吡格列酮组变化最明显;骨骼肌肌间脂肪等间质成分明显减少,肌纤维直径变窄;骨骼肌ROS、MDA水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);SIRT1、PGC1α、Nrf1 m RNA及蛋白表达均有不同程度升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:葛根芩连汤可以改善CUG大鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,改善IR,其机制可能与调控SIRT1/PGC1α/Nrf1信号通路有关。
基金The study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671206,81702874,81873924,and 81971131).
文摘Testosterone deficiency is common in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may correlate with the deterioration of COPD. Clinical research suggests that testosterone replacement therapy may slow the COPD progression, but the specific biological pathway remains unclear. In this study, we explored the effect of testosterone on pulmonary inflammation in male COPD rats. The animals were co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cigarette to induce COPD. In COPD rats, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and NF-κB p65 were upregulated. In cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-, LPS-, or the combination of CSE and LPS-treated L132 cells, NRF1 and p65 were also upregulated. Silencing NRF1 resulted in the downregulation of p65. ChIP‒seq, ChIP‒qPCR, and luciferase results showed that NRF1 transcriptionally regulated p65. Both male and female COPD rats showed an upregulated NRF1 level and similar pulmonary morphology. But NRF1 was further upregulated in male castrated rats. Further supplementing testosterone in castrated male rats significantly reduced NRF1, pulmonary lesions, and inflammation. Supplementation of testosterone also reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IKKβ induced by LPS or CSE in L132 cells. Our results suggest that testosterone plays a protective role in pulmonary epithelial inflammation of COPD through inhibition of NRF1-derived NF-κB signaling and the phosphorylation of p65.
基金supported by the National Notural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071556 and 82271291 (both to WM)
文摘Activated G-protein-coupled receptor 39(GPR39)has been shown to attenuate inflammation by interacting with sirtuin 1(SIRT1)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator 1α(PGC-1α).However,whether GPR39 attenuates neuropathic pain remains unclear.In this study,we established a Sprague-Dawley rat model of spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and found that GPR39 expression was significantly decreased in neurons and microglia in the spinal dorsal horn compared with sham-operated rats.Intrathecal injection of TC-G 1008,a specific agonist of GPR39,significantly alleviated mechanical allodynia in the rats with spared nerve injury,improved spinal cord mitochondrial biogenesis,and alleviated neuroinflammation.These changes were abolished by GPR39 small interfering RNA(siRNA),Ex-527(SIRT1 inhibitor),and PGC-1αsiRNA.Taken together,these findings show that GPR39 activation ameliorates mechanical allodynia by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1αpathway in rats with spared nerve injury.
