轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)非结构蛋白1(nonstructural protein 1,NSP1)是轮状病毒逃避宿主天然免疫应答的关键蛋白质。它可以与干扰素调控因子家族(interferon regulatoryfactor family,IRFF)的共同区域结合,阻断干扰素表达的信号通路,降...轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)非结构蛋白1(nonstructural protein 1,NSP1)是轮状病毒逃避宿主天然免疫应答的关键蛋白质。它可以与干扰素调控因子家族(interferon regulatoryfactor family,IRFF)的共同区域结合,阻断干扰素表达的信号通路,降低宿主细胞I型干扰素(type I interferon,IFN-I)的表达,从而抑制宿主天然抗病毒免疫机制的建立。因此,NSP1被认为是轮状病毒的一种重要毒力因子。本文综述了近年来轮状病毒NSP1与宿主相互作用的研究进展。展开更多
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant development and metabolism,and plants have evolved ingenious mechanisms to overcome phosphate(Pi)starvation.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation...Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant development and metabolism,and plants have evolved ingenious mechanisms to overcome phosphate(Pi)starvation.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of shoot and root architecture by low phosphorus conditions and the coordinated utilization of Pi and nitrogen remain largely unclear.Here,we show that Nodulation Signaling Pathway 1(NSP1)and NSP2 regulate rice tiller number by promoting the biosynthesis of strigolactones(SLs),a class of phytohormones with fundamental effects on plant architecture and environmental responses.We found that NSP1 and NSP2 are induced by Oryza sativa PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE2(OsPHR2)in response to low-Pi stress and form a complex to directly bind the promoters of SL biosynthesis genes,thus markedly increasing SL biosynthesis in rice.Interestingly,the NSP1/2–SL signaling module represses the expression of CROWN ROOTLESS 1(CRL1),a newly identified early SL-responsive gene in roots,to restrain lateral root density under Pi deficiency.We also demonstrated that GR24^(4DO) treatment under normal conditions inhibits the expression of OsNRTs and OsAMTs to suppress nitrogen absorption but enhances the expression of OsPTs to promote Pi absorption,thus facilitating the balance between nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in rice.Importantly,we found that NSP1p:NSP1 and NSP2p:NSP2 transgenic plants show improved agronomic traits and grain yield under low-and medium-phosphorus conditions.Taken together,these results revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of SL biosynthesis and signaling in response to Pi starvation,providing genetic resources for improving plant architecture and nutrient-use efficiency in low-Pi environments.展开更多
文摘轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)非结构蛋白1(nonstructural protein 1,NSP1)是轮状病毒逃避宿主天然免疫应答的关键蛋白质。它可以与干扰素调控因子家族(interferon regulatoryfactor family,IRFF)的共同区域结合,阻断干扰素表达的信号通路,降低宿主细胞I型干扰素(type I interferon,IFN-I)的表达,从而抑制宿主天然抗病毒免疫机制的建立。因此,NSP1被认为是轮状病毒的一种重要毒力因子。本文综述了近年来轮状病毒NSP1与宿主相互作用的研究进展。
基金was supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA28030202)the National Key Research and Development of China(2022YFF1002901)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32122012,32270327)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019099).
文摘Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant development and metabolism,and plants have evolved ingenious mechanisms to overcome phosphate(Pi)starvation.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of shoot and root architecture by low phosphorus conditions and the coordinated utilization of Pi and nitrogen remain largely unclear.Here,we show that Nodulation Signaling Pathway 1(NSP1)and NSP2 regulate rice tiller number by promoting the biosynthesis of strigolactones(SLs),a class of phytohormones with fundamental effects on plant architecture and environmental responses.We found that NSP1 and NSP2 are induced by Oryza sativa PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE2(OsPHR2)in response to low-Pi stress and form a complex to directly bind the promoters of SL biosynthesis genes,thus markedly increasing SL biosynthesis in rice.Interestingly,the NSP1/2–SL signaling module represses the expression of CROWN ROOTLESS 1(CRL1),a newly identified early SL-responsive gene in roots,to restrain lateral root density under Pi deficiency.We also demonstrated that GR24^(4DO) treatment under normal conditions inhibits the expression of OsNRTs and OsAMTs to suppress nitrogen absorption but enhances the expression of OsPTs to promote Pi absorption,thus facilitating the balance between nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in rice.Importantly,we found that NSP1p:NSP1 and NSP2p:NSP2 transgenic plants show improved agronomic traits and grain yield under low-and medium-phosphorus conditions.Taken together,these results revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of SL biosynthesis and signaling in response to Pi starvation,providing genetic resources for improving plant architecture and nutrient-use efficiency in low-Pi environments.
