Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and...Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and crystallization. The glass was melted in a platinum crucible at 1 600 ℃ for 2 h and then two-step heat treated for the nucleation and the crystal growth. The nucleation and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Specimens heat-treated on different schedules were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction to determine crystalline phases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the glass-ceramics morphology, the grain size and distribution in the residual glass matrix. The reorganization of the amorphous solid was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The transmittance was measured by a UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer .展开更多
ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, we...ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, were also applied in the synthesis mixture. The effects of various parameters such as the aging time, the type and amount of co-solvent on the ZSM-22 crystal aspect ratio were investigated. When employing this microwave irradiation synthesis, a long aging time was crucial to obtain smaller and more uniform crystal sizes. The addition of co-solvent resulted in elongated ZSM-22 crystals, regard- less of the actual co-solvent used, although ZSM-22 zeolite crystallinity was sensitive to the co-solvent type. In general, the use of a co-solvent stimulated the appearance of ZSM-5 zeolite as an impurity and the amount of this impurity was proportional to the concentration of co-solvent in the synthesis mixture.展开更多
Crystallization of flexible polymer chains reveals distinct characters compared to small molecules, which provides a platform to study molecular self-assembly and morphogenesis. In this review, some examples, e.g., tw...Crystallization of flexible polymer chains reveals distinct characters compared to small molecules, which provides a platform to study molecular self-assembly and morphogenesis. In this review, some examples, e.g., twisting chirality of polymer lamellar crystals, recognition of different chain units and competitive nucleation of different polymorphs and different lamellar thicknesses are briefly discussed. It is shown that the polymer crystallization process far from equilibrium is in practically minimization of the system free energy in local space and finite time, leading to formation of twisted crystals, metastable polymorphism and lamellar crystals with finite thickness. Though each molecule is blind to others, the peculiar ordered configurations with stronger long-range interactions are chosen from the enormous random trials. At the end, we list some remaining questions and outlook the perspectives.展开更多
基金Funded bythe Chinese Education Ministry(No.KB20026)
文摘Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and crystallization. The glass was melted in a platinum crucible at 1 600 ℃ for 2 h and then two-step heat treated for the nucleation and the crystal growth. The nucleation and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Specimens heat-treated on different schedules were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction to determine crystalline phases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the glass-ceramics morphology, the grain size and distribution in the residual glass matrix. The reorganization of the amorphous solid was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The transmittance was measured by a UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer .
文摘ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, were also applied in the synthesis mixture. The effects of various parameters such as the aging time, the type and amount of co-solvent on the ZSM-22 crystal aspect ratio were investigated. When employing this microwave irradiation synthesis, a long aging time was crucial to obtain smaller and more uniform crystal sizes. The addition of co-solvent resulted in elongated ZSM-22 crystals, regard- less of the actual co-solvent used, although ZSM-22 zeolite crystallinity was sensitive to the co-solvent type. In general, the use of a co-solvent stimulated the appearance of ZSM-5 zeolite as an impurity and the amount of this impurity was proportional to the concentration of co-solvent in the synthesis mixture.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21374054)Fund of Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education (No. 2017AML07) for financial support
文摘Crystallization of flexible polymer chains reveals distinct characters compared to small molecules, which provides a platform to study molecular self-assembly and morphogenesis. In this review, some examples, e.g., twisting chirality of polymer lamellar crystals, recognition of different chain units and competitive nucleation of different polymorphs and different lamellar thicknesses are briefly discussed. It is shown that the polymer crystallization process far from equilibrium is in practically minimization of the system free energy in local space and finite time, leading to formation of twisted crystals, metastable polymorphism and lamellar crystals with finite thickness. Though each molecule is blind to others, the peculiar ordered configurations with stronger long-range interactions are chosen from the enormous random trials. At the end, we list some remaining questions and outlook the perspectives.
