Improved mass relations of mirror nuclei

In this study,we revisit the previous mass relations of mirror nuclei by considering 1/N-and 1/Z-dependent terms and the shell effect across a shell.The root-mean-squared deviation is 66 keV for 116 nuclei with neutron number N≥10,as com-pared with experimental data compiled in the AME2020 database.The predicted mass excesses of 173 proton-rich nuclei,including 98 unknown nuclei,are tabulated in the Supplemental Material herein with competitive accuracy.

The breaking of spin symmetry in the single-particle resonances in deformed nuclei

The exploration of spin symmetry (SS) in nuclear physics has been instrumental in identifying atomic nucleus structures.In this study,we solve the Dirac equation from the relativistic mean field (RMF) in complex momentum representation.We investigated SS and its breaking in single-particle resonant states within deformed nuclei,with a focus on the illustrative nucleus168Er.This was the initial discovery of a resonant spin doublet in a deformed nucleus,with the expectation of the SS approaching the continuum threshold.With increasing single-particle energy,the splitting of the resonant spin doublets widened significantly.This escalating splitting implies diminishing adherence to the SS,indicating a departure from the expected behavior as the energy levels increase.We also analyzed the width of the resonant states,showing that lower orbital angular momentum resonances possess shorter decay times and that SS is preserved within broad resonant doublets,as opposed to narrow resonant doublets.Comparing the radial density of the upper components for the bound-state and resonant-state doublets,it becomes evident that while SS is well-preserved in the bound states,it deteriorates in the resonant states.The impact of nuclear deformation (β_(2)) on SS was examined,demonstrating that an increase in β_(2) resulted in higher energy and width splitting in the resonant spin doublets,which is attributed to increased component mixing.Furthermore,the sensitivity of spin doublets to various potential parameters such as surface diffuseness (a),radius (R),and depth (Σ0) is discussed,emphasizing the role of these parameters in SS.This study provides valuable insights into the behavior of spin doublets in deformed nuclei and their interplay with the nuclear structure,thereby advancing our understanding of SS in the resonance state.

Opportunities for production and property research of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 at HIAF

The study of nuclide production and its properties in the N=126 neutron-rich region is prevalent in nuclear physics and astrophysics research.The upcoming High-energy FRagment Separator(HFRS)at the High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF),an in-flight separator at relativistic energies,is characterized by high beam intensity,large ion-optical acceptance,high magnetic rigidity,and high momentum resolution power.This provides an opportunity to study the production and properties of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126.In this paper,an experimental scheme is proposed to produce neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 and simultaneously measure their mass and lifetime based on the HFRS separator;the feasibility of this scheme is evaluated through simulations.The results show that under the high-resolution optical mode,many new neutron-rich nuclei approaching the r-process abundance peak around A=195 can be produced for the first time,and many nuclei with unknown masses and lifetimes can be produced with high statistics.Using the time-of-flight corrected by the measured dispersive position and energy loss information,the cocktails produced from 208 Pb fragmentation can be unambiguously identified.Moreover,the masses of some neutron-rich nuclei near N=126 can be measured with high precision using the time-of-flight magnetic rigidity technique.This indicates that the HIAF-HFRS facility has the potential for the production and property research of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126,which is of great significance for expanding the chart of nuclides,developing nuclear theories,and understanding the origin of heavy elements in the universe.

On joint analysing XMM-NuSTAR spectra of active galactic nuclei

A recently released XMM-Newton note revealed a significant calibration issue between nuclear spectroscopic telescope array(NuSTAR)and XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera(EPIC)and provided an empirical correction to the EPIC effective area.To quantify the bias caused by the calibration issue in the joint analysis of XMM-NuSTAR spectra and verify the effectiveness of the correction,in this work,we perform joint-fitting of the NuSTAR and EPIC-pn spectra for a large sample of 104 observation pairs of 44 X-ray bright active galactic nuclei(AGN).The spectra were extracted after requiring perfect simultaneity between the XMM-Newton and NuSTAR exposures(merging good time intervals(GTIs)from two missions)to avoid bias due to the rapid spectral variability of the AGN.Before the correction,the EPIC-pn spectra are systematically harder than the corresponding NuSTAR spectra by■subsequently yielding significantly underestimated cutoff energy E_(cut)and the strength of reflection component R when performing joint-fitting.We confirm that the correction is highly effective and can commendably erase the discrepancy in best-fitΓ,E_(cut),and R.We thus urge the community to apply the correction when joint-fitting XMM-NuSTAR spectra,but note that the correction is limited to 3–12 keV and therefore not applicable when the soft X-ray band data are included.Besides,we show that as merging GTIs from two missions would cause severe loss of NuSTAR net exposure time,in many cases,joint-fitting yields no advantage compared with utilizing NuSTAR data alone.Finally,We present a technical note on filtering periods of high background flares for XMM-Newton EPIC-pn exposures in the small window(SW)mode.

Systematic study on heavy-particle radioactivity of superheavy nuclei ^(297–300)119

In the current study,we examined every possible cluster-daughter combination in the heavy-particle decay of isotopes ^(297-300)119 and computed the decay half-lives using the modified generalized liquid drop model(MGLDM)with the preformation factor depending on the disintegration energy.The predicted half-life of every heavy cluster(Z_(C)≥32)was within the experimentally observable limits.These results aligned with the predictions of Poenaru et al.[Phys.Rev.Lett.107,062503(2011)]that superheavy nuclei(SHN)with Z>110 will release heavy particles with a penetrability comparable to or greater than theα-decay.The half-lives predicted using the MGLDM for clusters^(89)Rb,^(91)Rb,and^(92)Rb from parents^(297)119,^(299)119,and^(300)119,respectively,agreed with the predictions of Poenaru et al.[Eur.Phys.J.A 54,14(2018)].It was found that the isotopes of heavy clusters Kr,Rb,Sr,Pa,In,and Cd had half-lives comparable to theαhalf-life;and isotopes of clusters I,Xe,and Cs had the minimum half-life(10^(-14)s).These observations revealed the role of the shell closure(Z=82,N=82,and N=126)of the cluster and daughter nuclei in heavy-cluster radioactivity.We predicted that isotope ^(297,299)119 decayed by 4αdecay chains and isotope^(300)119 decayed by 6αdecay chains,while^(298)119 decayed by continuousαdecay chains.The predicted half-lives and modes of decay of the nuclei in the decay chains of^(297-300)119 agreed with the experimental data,proving the reliability of our calculations.The present study determined the most favorable heavy-cluster emissions from these nuclei and provided suitable projectile-target combinations for their synthesis.

RETRACTED: Nuclear Structure Study of Odd-Odd Yttrium Nuclei within Interacting-Boson Fermi-Fermion Model (IBFFM)

Short Retraction NoticeThe paper does not meet the standards of "Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics". This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.Editor guiding this retraction: Prof. Wen-Xiu Ma (EiC of JAMP)The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper, which is marked "RETRACTED".

Constraining nuclear symmetry energy with the charge radii of mirror-pair nuclei

The nuclear charge radius plays a vital role in determining the equation of state of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter.Based on the correlation between the differences in charge radii of mirror-partner nuclei and the slope parameter(L)of symmetry energy at the nuclear saturation density,an analysis of the calibrated slope parameter L was performed in finite nuclei.In this study,relativistic and nonrelativistic energy density functionals were employed to constrain the nuclear symmetry energy through the available databases of the mirror-pair nuclei^(36)Ca–^(36)S,^(38)Ca–^(38)Ar,and ^(54)Ni–^(54)Fe.The deduced nuclear symmetry energy was located in the range 29.89–31.85 MeV,and L of the symmetry energy essentially covered the range 22.50–51.55 MeV at the saturation density.Moreover,the extracted L_(s) at the sensitivity density p_(s)=0.10 fm^(-3) was located in the interval range 30.52–39.76 MeV.

Nuclei Segmentation in Histopathology Images Using Structure-Preserving Color Normalization Based Ensemble Deep Learning Frameworks

This paper presents a novel computerized technique for the segmentation of nuclei in hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)stained histopathology images.The purpose of this study is to overcome the challenges faced in automated nuclei segmentation due to the diversity of nuclei structures that arise from differences in tissue types and staining protocols,as well as the segmentation of variable-sized and overlapping nuclei.To this extent,the approach proposed in this study uses an ensemble of the UNet architecture with various Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)architectures as encoder backbones,along with stain normalization and test time augmentation,to improve segmentation accuracy.Additionally,this paper employs a Structure-Preserving Color Normalization(SPCN)technique as a preprocessing step for stain normalization.The proposed model was trained and tested on both single-organ and multi-organ datasets,yielding an F1 score of 84.11%,mean Intersection over Union(IoU)of 81.67%,dice score of 84.11%,accuracy of 92.58%and precision of 83.78%on the multi-organ dataset,and an F1 score of 87.04%,mean IoU of 86.66%,dice score of 87.04%,accuracy of 96.69%and precision of 87.57%on the single-organ dataset.These findings demonstrate that the proposed model ensemble coupled with the right pre-processing and post-processing techniques enhances nuclei segmentation capabilities.

Stability of Nuclei Based on the New Proton and Neutron Model

According to the new proton and neutron nuclear picture described earlier, the structure of the nucleus will also be given a new interpretation. The role of the delocalized electrons detached from the outer shell of neutrons is shown in the binding energy value of the nucleus. It is pointed out that the spatial arrangement of nucleons is also very important for the stability of nuclei according to the analyzation of the magic numbers from a geometric point of view.

Cyclic feeding regime may delay aging in animals by enhancing the hepatocytes nuclei structure

Background:The liver is fundamental for keeping up the entire body’s homeostasis.The liver hepatocytes have been shown to undergo genomic instability with aging.The stability of the hepatocytes depends on its nuclear architecture.Calorie restriction has been shown to extend life-span favorably and this may be through the reorganization of the nuclear structure.Objective:To study the effect of cyclic feeding regime on the chromatin assembly anchored to the nuclear membrane scaffold of rat models hepatocytes nuclei.Method:Rats models underwent cyclic feeding regime,after which nuclei were isolated;then,we investigated the chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration of the hepatocytes using fluorescence imaging methods.Results:In 60 seconds,protease decondensed the chromatin and disintegrated the nuclear membrane structure of controls.After the first fasting,the time increased to 145 seconds in 3-month-old rats.The first refeeding increased the time to 156 seconds with a further rise to 340 seconds following the second fasting,then dropped to 116 seconds by the second refeeding.20 months old rats showed 186 seconds increase in the time of chromatin decondensation and nuclear membrane disintegration after the first fasting,with a decrease to 140 seconds observed after first refeeding.The second fasting increased the time to 165 seconds,which then slightly decreased to 163 seconds after the second refeeding.Conclusion:These results show that intermittent fasting may have acted on chromatin histone interactions and the structural lamin networks of the nuclear membranes in bringing about nuclear stability,which is essential for normal cellular function.

氨基质子转移成像对帕金森患者小脑微结构代谢变化的初步探究

目的 探讨利用MR氨基质子转移成像(amide proton transfer,APT)和弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor image,DTI)对帕金森病(parkinson’s disease,PD)患者小脑微结构变化的临床应用价值。方法 选取我院46例PD患者为PD组进行APT和DTI检查,并选取48例健康者作为对照组。根据APT和DTI分别对感兴趣区测出MTR值和FA值,并分析组间差异。以t检验评估其参数对PD是否有一定诊断价值。结果 PD组小脑髓质的FA值和ADC值与对照组相比FA值减低,ADC值增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);PD组齿状核FA值低于对照组,MTR值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。PD组黑质FA值低于对照组,MTR值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在ROC分析中齿状核与黑质在MTR值对PD具有一定的诊断准确性(P<0.05),小脑髓质、齿状核与黑质FA值对PD具有一定的诊断准确性(P<0.05)。结论 APT可以反映PD患者小脑微结构代谢的变化,其参考值可以作为PD患者评估指标。

小脑齿状核脑深部电刺激术对脑卒中后运动功能的改善作用

脑卒中可以导致长期运动障碍,降低生活质量。尽管传统康复治疗取得的进展为患者带来曙光,仍有众多患者面临康复治疗效果有限的问题。神经调控技术即显示出突破性治疗潜力。本文旨在概述脑卒中后神经可塑性机制,探究小脑齿状核脑深部电刺激术改善脑卒中后运动功能的作用机制、总结研究进展,以为临床实践提供科学依据及新的治疗视角。

铝相对单矿浆体中碳硫硅钙石形成的影响

为探究不同铝相对碳硫硅钙石形成的影响,本研究采用单矿C 3S制备浆体,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、固体核磁共振仪(NMR)等测试方法,研究了NaAlO_(2)和C 3A对单矿浆体在硫铝比为9的硫酸钠溶液侵蚀作用下碳硫硅钙石形成的影响。结果表明:即使侵蚀9个月,NaAlO_(2)中可溶性的铝也不会导致碳硫硅钙石生成,原因可能是水化产物中大量四配位铝相结构的Al(OH)_(3)会抑制碳硫硅钙石的形成。C_(3)A的加入会促进碳硫硅钙石的生成,但是其生成时间迟于钙钒石,且侵蚀产物以碳硫硅钙石-钙矾石固溶体的形式存在。此研究对于碳硫硅钙石形成的研究及预防提供了一定的理论依据。

首发抑郁症伴自杀意念患者中缝核功能连接的改变

目的观察首发抑郁症伴自杀意念(SI)患者中缝核功能连接(FC)改变。方法前瞻性纳入98例首发抑郁症患者,根据伴SI与否将其分为伴SI组(n=56)与不伴SI组(n=42);另以47名健康志愿者为对照组。以静息态功能MRI观察背侧中缝核(DRN)、中缝中央核(MRN)与全脑间的FC;比较3组及两两组间FC,分析伴SI组差异脑区FC与临床资料的相关性。结果相比对照组,伴与不伴SI组DRN与左侧小脑及左侧壳核的FC均降低(P均<0.05),MRN与右侧颞下回的FC均升高而与左侧额下回、右侧枕上回、左侧顶下小叶及左侧壳核的FC均降低(P均<0.05);其中,伴SI组DRN与左侧壳核的FC高于不伴SI组(P<0.05);相比不伴SI组及对照组,伴SI组MRN与右侧中央后回的FC升高(P均<0.05)。伴SI组MRN与左侧壳核的FC与24项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-24)体质量得分呈正相关(r_(s)=0.297,P=0.026)。结论首发抑郁症伴SI患者中缝核与皮层和皮层下区的FC存在异常改变,且其MRN与左侧壳核的FC与HAMD-24体质量得分呈正相关。

延胡索酸水合酶与2琥珀酸半胱氨酸在初筛延胡索酸水合酶缺陷型子宫平滑肌瘤的应用价值

目的探讨延胡索酸水合酶(fumarate hydratase,FH)和2琥珀酸半胱氨酸(2-succinocysteine,2SC)在具有奇异核特征平滑肌瘤中的表达,分析2种蛋白在初筛延胡索酸水合酶缺陷型(fumarate hydratase-deficient,FH-d)平滑肌瘤中的诊断价值。方法收集67例具有奇异核特征平滑肌瘤的临床资料,采用免疫组化EnVision两步法染色,分析FH、2SC表达与FH-d型平滑肌瘤形态学特征的相关性,并复习相关文献。结果67例患者有27例为FH-d型平滑肌瘤,FH在FH-d型平滑肌瘤中的阳性率为(2/27,7.41%),低于无FH-d形态平滑肌瘤(31/40,77.50%);2SC在FH-d型平滑肌瘤中的阳性率为(26/27,96.30%),高于无FH-d形态平滑肌瘤(11/40,27.50%)。统计学显示FH和2SC的表达存在相关性(P<0.05),且FH、2SC阳性与显著嗜酸性核仁、核仁周围空晕、嗜酸性包涵体和鹿角形血管均有关(P<0.05)。FH免疫组化染色显示FH-d型平滑肌瘤的敏感度为92.59%,特异度77.50%。2SC免疫组化染色显示FH-d型平滑肌瘤的敏感度为96.30%,特异度为72.50%。结论多数FH-d形态的平滑肌瘤中FH阴性和2SC阳性,对两者行联合检测可显著提高FH-d型平滑肌瘤的诊断准确性。

基于Transformer与距离图谱的泛癌细胞核图像分割

肿瘤细胞的密度、核质比和平均尺寸等指标对癌症的分级和预后有重要的意义.在计算病理学中,细胞核分割是肿瘤微环境分析的基础.通过对分割结果进行统计分析,对新的肿瘤标记物的探索有重大的意义.病理图像背景下的细胞核形态不规则,细胞核染色不均匀,且细胞核边缘之间存在黏连的问题,而现有的深度学习算法在细胞核主体分割正确的情况下,边缘的分割错误不会对总体的损失造成太大的影响,黏连的细胞核很容易被当作同一个分割目标.为了解决细胞核重叠问题,本文提出一种基于Transformer与距离图谱的分割模型,将Transformer中的核心多头自注意力机制与距离图谱引导算法相结合,重视细胞核内部,弱化细胞核边界,提升对图像局部和全局上下文信息的学习能力.本文方法在两个公开数据集上的平均Dice系数为0.7979、精度为0.7561、AJI系数为0.6672、Hausdorff距离为10.11.实验结果表明,相较其他分割算法,本文方法的性能更好,能够有效提高细胞核的分割精度,同时较好地解决了细胞核之间的黏连问题.

An Efficient Method of Nuclei Extraction in Cotton

[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The cotton cotyledons germinated in dark moisture chamber for one week were chopped with a sharp sterile scalpel in a Petri dish which contained ice-cold nucleus isolation buffer (10 mmol/L MgSO4, 5 mmol/L KCl, 0.5 mmol/L HEPES, 1 mg/ml DTT, 0.25% Triton X-100 and 2% PVP40), then the nuclei were collected after selected through 100, 50 and 30 μm nylon meshes and centrifugation. Meanwhile, the tender leaves and cotyledons with different germination time in dark were treated by grinding method and sharp scalpel method. [Result] The chopping with a sharp scalpel method was very simple and rapid, which did not need grind and mercaptoethanol treatment and the successful extraction rate was 100%.[Conclusion] An efficient method of nuclei extraction of cotton with simple, high efficiency, rapid reaction and poison free were established.

运动疲劳通过基底神经节输出核团损伤大鼠工作记忆能力

目的:探讨基底神经节输出核团[脚内核(EPN)和黑质网状部(SNr)]内小清蛋白(PV)阳性神经元参与运动疲劳损害工作记忆能力的神经调控机制。方法:采用随机数字法将雄性SD大鼠分为对照组(Control)和疲劳组(Fatigue),选用三级递增负荷跑台训练方案,建立慢性力竭运动疲劳模型。利用Y迷宫自主交替实验评估大鼠的工作记忆能力。免疫组织化学染色观察大鼠EPN和SNr内PV和caspase-3的表达。结果:Y迷宫自主交替实验表明,疲劳组大鼠自主交替正确率较对照组大鼠呈显著性降低(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果显示,疲劳组大鼠EPN和SNr内PV阳性细胞密度和阳性纤维染色程度与对照组相比均大幅降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。同时,疲劳组大鼠EPN和SNr内caspase-3阳性细胞密度明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:运动疲劳导致大鼠工作记忆能力受损,其机制可能与EPN和SNr内PV阳性神经元凋亡有关。

基于单细胞核转录组测序的多发性大动脉炎外周血单个核细胞图谱分析

目的基于单细胞核转录组测序(snRNA-seq)技术描绘多发性大动脉炎(TAK)外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)基因和功能的异质性改变,阐述TAK可能的免疫机制。方法收集确诊为TAK患者的PBMC共6例为疾病组(TAK组),同期就诊的健康人群6例PBMC为正常组(NC组)。基于snRNA-seq工作流程建库测序,下机数据采用R 3.6.2软件进行主成分分析(PCA)及t-分布随机邻域嵌入(tSNE)分析等手段对两组PBMC样本池的单个核细胞的基因表达进行检测。结果TAK患者PBMC的免疫细胞的相对比例和含量都发生了改变;高克隆TCR可高度同源性匹配整合素beta-3的氨基酸序列;T细胞介导的干扰素γ和TNFα通路显著上调;TNFRSF13B+记忆B细胞比例明显升高;所有细胞类型中单核细胞所形成的的配体受体相互作用始终最多。结论TAK的发生发展过程中PBMC参与了复杂的调节,多种免疫炎症因子异常表达,其中单核细胞在PBMC的相互作用中占据了重要地位。

Possibilities for the synthesis of superheavy element Z=121 in fusion reactions

Based on the dinuclear system model,the calculated evaporation residue cross sections matched well with the current experimental results.The synthesis of superheavy elements Z=121 was systematically studied through combinations of stable projectiles with Z=21-30 and targets with half-lives exceeding 50 d.The influence of mass asymmetry and isotopic dependence on the projectile and target nuclei was investigated in detail.The reactions^(254)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(297)121 and^(252)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(295)121 were found to be experimentally feasible for synthesizing superheavy element Z=121,with maximal evaporation residue cross sections of 6.619 and 4.123 fb at 219.9 and 223.9 MeV,respectively.