NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THREE DIMENSIONAL TURBULENT FLOW IN SUDDENLY EXPANDED RECTANGULAR DUCT

In this paper,to simulate the three dimensional turbulent flow in suddenly expanded rectangular duct numerically,the SIMPLEC algorithm is employed to solve the incompressible Navier-Stckes equation with k-εturbulence model.The numerical resulis show well the three dimensional turbulent flow field in the rectangular duct behind the sudden expansion cross-section. and agree.fairly well with the experimental result of the length of the main circumfluence.The numerical method of this paper can be applied to numerical analysis of this kind of turbulent flow.

Numerical Simulation of Viscous Flow Around a Rolling Cylinder with Ship-Like Section

Two-dimensional unsteady incompressible viscous flow around a rolling cylinder with ship-like section is numerically simulated by employing the computational scheme previously developed by the authors, in which the continuity and momentum equations are satisfied simultaneously at each time step for oscillating flow. The numerical results show that the motion of vortices around a rolling ship hull is cyclical. It is found that the location of the vortices is very similar to the existing experimental result. Using these simulation results, we can calculate the roll damping of ships including viscous effects.

Numerical study on three-dimensional flow field of continuously rotating detonation in a toroidal chamber

Gaseous detonation propagating in a toroidal chamber was numerically studied for hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures. The numerical method used is based on the three-dimensional Euler equations with detailed finiterate chemistry. The results show that the calculated streak picture is in qualitative agreement with the picture recorded by a high speed streak camera from published literature. The three-dimensional flow field induced by a continuously rotating detonation was visualized and distinctive features of the rotating detonations were clearly depicted. Owing to the unconfined character of detonation wavelet, a deficit of detonation parameters was observed. Due to the effects of wall geometries, the strength of the outside detonation front is stronger than that of the inside portion. The detonation thus propagates with a constant circular velocity. Numerical simulation also shows three-dimensional rotating detonation structures, which display specific feature of the detonation- shock combined wave. Discrete burning gas pockets are formed due to instability of the discontinuity. It is believed that the present study could give an insight into the interest- ing properties of the continuously rotating detonation, and is thus beneficial to the design of continuous detonation propulsion systems.

Numerical simulation of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on tumor-induced angiogenesis

A coupled intravascular-transvascular-interstitial fluid flow model is developed to study the distributions of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on a tumor-induced microvascular network. This is generated from a 2D nine-point discrete mathematical model of tumor angiogenesis and contains two parent vessels. Blood flow through the microvascular network and interstitial fluid flow in tumor tissues are performed by the extended Poiseuille＇s law and Darcy＇s law, respectively, transvascular flow is described by Starling＇s law; effects of the vascular permeability and the interstitial hydraulic conductivity are also considered. The simulation results predict the heterogeneous blood supply, interstitial hypertension and low convection on the inside of the tumor, which are consistent with physiological observed facts. These results may provide beneficial information for anti-angiogenesis treatment of tumor and further clinical research.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF 3-D TURBULENT FLOWS OVER DREDGED TRENCHES

A 3- D free surface flow in open channels based on the Reynolds equations with the k-ε turbulence closure model is presented in this paper. Insted of the 'rigid lid' approximation, the solution of the free surface equation is implemented in the velocity-pressure iterative procedure on the basis of the conventional SIMPLE method. This model was used to compute the flow in rectangular channels with trenches dredged across the bottom. The velocity, eddy viscosity coefficient, turbulent shear stress, turbulent kinetic energy and elevation of the free surface can be obtained. The computed results are in good agreement with previous experimental data.

Numerical simulation of flow interference between four cylinders in in-line square arrangement

In the present paper,two-and three-dimensional numerical simulations of the flow interference between four cylinders in an in-line square arrangement at Re = 200 are performed.Assisted with the two-dimensional(2-D) numerical simulation,the mean and fluctuating forces,Strouhal number(St) and vortex shedding pattern in the wake for each cylinder were analyzed with the spacing ratio(L /D) ranging from 1.5 to 6.0.It was found that,four different vortex modes(viz.,flip-flopping,shielding anti-phase-synchronized,in-phasesynchronized and anti-phase-synchronized) gradually appear with the increase of the L/D ratio.The average drag coefficient of the upstream cylinders is larger than that of the downstream cylinders,while the downstream cylinders usually undergo serious fluctuating forces.When the L/D ratio ranges from 3.0 to 4.0,the dominant frequency of the drag coefficient is equal to the value of St of upstream cylinders.This indicates that a simultaneous resonance in the in-flow and cross-flow directions may occur for some single structures of a multi-body oscillating system.For the 3-D numerical simulation,the L/D and aspect ratios are kept constant as 5.0 and 10,respectively.It was found that some vortices are formed in the wake of the upstream cylinders.Besides,with the same spacing ratio,the calculated drag coefficient and lift coefficient fluctuation are slightly larger than the 2-D results,but with a phase difference.

SIMULATION AND APPLICATION OF THREE_DIMENSIONAL MIGRATION_ACCUMULATION OF OIL RESOURCES

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in the exploration of oil resources and their rational evaluation. In this paper, from such actual conditions as the effects of mechanics of fluids in porous media and 3-dimensional geology characteristics, a kind of modified method of second order splitting-up implicit interactive scheme is pur forward. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration-accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus the well-known problem has been solved.

NUMERICAL STUDY OF TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF 3-D TRANSONIC VISCOUS FLOW FIELD (TVFF) INSIDE TURBINE CASCADE

The major purpose of this paper is to numerically study the complex structure of vortex system occurring within transonic turbine cascade. The transonic viscous flow in turbine cascade is simulated by solving full 3D Reynolds average N S equations, and then detailed analyses of vortex system structure are presented. Under guidance of topology, the wall limiting streamlines are employed to reveal the flow structure near the wall, and an analysis of space streamlines and cross section streamlines is given for the investigation of flow structure in the flow field. Through the analysis, the formation and evolution of the vortex system and the whole process of separation occurring within this turbine cascade are revealed

2D Coupled 3D:A New Numerical Model for Dual - Structured - Aquifer System

This paper points out that a successful numerical simulation is to construct a correct conceptional model which is very dose to the natural condition. A new model, two dimensional coupled three dimensional model (2D -3D ) is presented in the Present paper,which is the most suitable one for the dual - structured - aquifer system. An example of Wenyinghu area is shown.By using the 2D-3D model, a satisfied result of the simulated area is achieved.

Numerical simulation and application of three-dimensional oil resources migration-accumulation of fluid dynamics in porous media

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in evaluation of oil resources and determination of the location and amount of oil deposits. Based on such actual conditions as the effects of fluid mechanics in porous media and 3-dimensional geology characteristics,a kind of modified method of second order upwind finite difference fractional steps implicit interactive scheme was put forward. As for the actual problem of Dongying hollow,Huimin hollow,Tanhai region and Yangxin hollow in Shengli Petroleum Oil Field,a numerical simulation test was carried out,and the result is basically coincident with the actual conditions. For the model problem,optimal order estimates were derived. Thus the well-known problem on oil resources was solved.

基于FLOW-3D软件的块体水垫塘消能机理数值模拟

针对目前高坝水垫塘形式存在的缺点,采用FLOW-3D软件模拟了块体与平底水垫塘内水流的运动特性,结合平底水垫塘的消能机理,对比分析了块体水垫塘的水流流态、流速衰减和消能率等。结果表明,块体水垫塘消能效果较好,数值模拟方法准确性较高。

基于FLOW-3D软件的旋流起旋室水力特性数值模拟

文章采用FLOW-3D软件,通过RNGk-ε模型和volume of fluid(VOF)方法相结合,实现了竖井水平旋流泄洪洞水力特性的三维水流流场数值模拟;对开敞式进水口轴线与旋流洞轴线交角不同时起旋室的压强分布、旋流角和紊动能等水力特性进行了对比分析研究,数值模拟能够客观地反映起旋室旋流的流场特性,成果可为旋流溢洪道的研究应用提供参考.

基于Flow-3D的陡坡弯道水流三维数值模拟

弯道急流有其独特的冲击波现象,流态极其复杂,为研究弯道对急流的影响和提出改善措施增添了困难。采用RNG k-ε双方程紊流模型和VOF法,以某工程溢洪道为依托,利用Flow-3D软件,对陡坡弯道段的急流进行了三维数值模拟,通过物理模型试验数据的验证,显示数值模拟结果的正确性。通过计算结果,分析了陡坡弯道对急流流态的影响,提出了导流墙法的弯道急流优化方案,通过物理模型进一步证明,采用导流墙法可有效改善急流弯道水流流态,表明借助Flow-3D软件对弯道水流进行三维数值模拟是可行的。

基于Flow-3D的堤防堵口水力条件数值模拟

为了研究极端洪水条件下某河道砂性堤防溃口快速封堵技术,选取典型堤段,基于FLOW-3D对具有实际地形的堤防溃口水流运动进行三维数值模拟,计算不同口门宽度及堤防内侧不同水位条件下的口门区域水位、水位场分布、流速及流速场分布等水力学特性。结果表明,溃口内外水位差和口门宽度均对溃口分流量、口门断面平均流速有显著的影响;随着口门束窄,溃口前水位逐渐抬高,口门断面流速先增后减;口门底部和下堤头前局部流速较大。总结该河道堤防溃口水流运动特性和规律,其结果可为类似工程堵口材料和施工工艺的选取提供参考和科学依据。

基于Flow-3D的高速水流无压溢洪洞内消能工数值模拟

针对目前高速水流消能形式存在的缺点,基于Flow-3D软件,采用RNGκ-ε模型、Tru-VOF法模拟了无压洞式溢洪道内消能墩附近的水流运动特性,结合洞塞式消能工的消能机理和水工模型试验,对比分析了内消能墩附近的水流流态、流速分布、压强分布、水面线和消能率等。结果表明,在控制断面束窄度的条件下,消能墩附近流态不会影响洞内安全,消能效果较好,消能墩对墩后水流影响距离较短,为在洞内设置多组消能墩提供了依据。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。

EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR FLOW FIELD AND FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS IN FILM-COOLED TURBINE

Numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow field and film cooling effectiveness in film-cooled turbine rotor and stationary turbine cascade were carried out by using the k- ε turbulence model, and the predictions of the three-dimensional velocities were compared with the measured results by Laser-Doppler Velocimetry （LDV）. Results reveal the secondary flow near the blade surface in the wake region behind the jet hole. Compared with the stationary cascade, there are the centrifugal force and Coriolis force existing in the flow field of the turbine rotor, and these forces make the three-dimensional flow field change in the turbine rotor, especially for the radial velocity. The effect of rotation on the flow field and the film cooling effectiveness on the pressure side is more apparent than that on the suction side as is shown in the computational and measured results, and the low film cooling effectiveness appears on the pressure surface of the turbine rotor blade compared with that of the stationary cascade.

化油器-进气管-缸内系统三维稳流数值模拟研究

对 CU B10 0四冲程汽油机化油器 -进气管 -缸内系统的三维稳态数值模拟 ,发现均匀气流进入化油器后 ,速度迅速增加 ,化油器腔体内出现强度不很大的对称双涡结构 ,喷嘴两侧和柱塞两侧均出现回流 ,腔体内部气流无脱体现象。进气管内气流波动并呈现双涡结构。气门盘下产生明显的回流区 ,且受到气缸壁限制 ,在进气门左、右侧各形成一对反向旋涡。距缸盖底面

螺旋进气道-气门-气缸内空气运动的3维数值模拟

对稳流试验中螺旋进气道－气门－气缸内３维流场进行了数值模拟，分析了气道形状、气门偏置对流场特征和涡流比的影响。计算表明：螺旋气道斜坡段产生的气流角动量是气流在气缸内形成旋流的主要原因。气流在螺旋进气道内产生的角动量与气缸内进气射流碰撞气门盘、气门座和气缸壁产生的角动量相结合，在气缸内形成复杂的旋流运动，而气流运动到气缸出口平面时，小旋涡与主旋流融合，形成了单一方向的旋流，因而气道涡流比随着气缸轴向距离的增大而增大。这些结果表明，采用流动数值模拟可以获得稳流试验中难以得到的内部流动信息，从而为气道设计提供更有力的依据。

EQD180N-20型发动机进气不均匀性分析

进气管作为进气系统中的一部分,对多缸发动机的进气不均匀性有重要的影响.进气管内的流动损失和压力波动是影响各缸进气不均匀的主要原因.文中采用AVL F IRE软件建立EQD 180N-20型发动机进气管的三维仿真模型,并进行了稳态和瞬态流动模拟计算.根据计算得到的流场,对引起进气不均匀性的原因进行了分析,计算了进气不均匀度,对进气不均匀性进行了评价.

旋流-静态微泡浮选柱旋流流场的数值模拟与试验测量

针对旋流-静态微泡浮选柱进行了气-液两相流非稳态数值模拟,分析了旋流单元的流动特征及矿化方式,然后采用2台高速动态摄像机连用的方法,进行了气泡、颗粒在旋流流场下的三维运动轨迹及碰撞行为的测量,得出了与数值模拟相一致的结论。主要结论如下：在旋流单元,气、液两相的流动均以切向运动为主,锥上区域具有向心和向上的趋势,锥内区域具有离心趋势,锥下区域液相旋流向下运动;气、液两相具有轴向和径向速度差,切向速度虽然不具有明显相间速度差,但其在径向上的梯度极高;锥内区域气含率最高,在10%-13%,锥下区域气含率小于1%。旋流单元的分选作用以分离尾矿和分选中等粒级矿物为主,气泡与颗粒的矿化方式体现为绕轴心旋转过程中发生的轴向与径向的＂逆流碰撞＂,锥下区域不具备矿化条件,旋流强度是影响该单元分选和分离效率的重要因素。