Food safety standard varies among countries due to their income.The food safety standard in advanced countries has become an export barrier for agricultural products and food from developing countries.How to deal with...Food safety standard varies among countries due to their income.The food safety standard in advanced countries has become an export barrier for agricultural products and food from developing countries.How to deal with the barrier is a challenge for the less developed countries.This paper,approaching the problem from the gap of food safety standard,employs the data of China-EU nuts trade during 1992 to 2013,to analyze the impact of discrepancy of food safety standard on nuts trade.It found that the difference of food safety standard did affect the bilateral nuts trade,i.e.if the standard gap shrinks by lppb or in the case China's MRLs(maximum residue limits)of aflatoxin B1 close to EU's by lppb,China's nuts exports to EU countries would expand by 6.6%.There're two ways to fill the gap,either EU lower its standard or China enhance its standard,the simulation found the effect that China elevate its nuts chemical standard to CAC or international level will exceed that of EU degrading its standard to CAC level.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes is a complicated metabolic disorder with both short- and long-term undesirable complications. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that functional foods and their bioactive compounds, due t...Type 2 diabetes is a complicated metabolic disorder with both short- and long-term undesirable complications. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that functional foods and their bioactive compounds, due to their biological properties, may be used as complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we have highlighted various functional foods as missing part of medical nutrition therapy in diabetic patients. Several in vitro, animal models and some human studies, have demonstrated that functional foods and nutraceuticals may improve postprandial hyperglycemia and adipose tissue metabolism modulatecarbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Functional foods may also improve dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory processes and subsequently could prevent the development of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. In conclusion available data indicate that a functional foods-based diet may be a novel and comprehensive dietary approach for management of type 2 diabetes.展开更多
By definition, “aflaxions” refer to a group of chemically toxic fungal metabolites, which are generated by specific species of genus Aspergillus. The species flourish on some of raw foods. This research is an attemp...By definition, “aflaxions” refer to a group of chemically toxic fungal metabolites, which are generated by specific species of genus Aspergillus. The species flourish on some of raw foods. This research is an attempt to assess aflatoxin contamination in nuts (Fig, Almond, Hazelnut, Walnut, Pistachio and Sunflower) available in Tehran city market in 2013. The assessments were done using ELISA method. To this end, 200 samples including Fig (n = 30), Almond (n = 25), Hazelnut (n = 25), Walnut (n = 40), Pistachio (n = 40), Sunflower (n = 40) were collected and analyzed regarding contamination with aflatoxin. The result of the tests was positive for 96.5% (193 samples) with total average concentration of 1.68 μg/kg (0 - 6 μg/kg). Moreover, in 6% (12 samples) of the cases, contamination exceeded the EU limits (4 μg/kg), while 100% of the samples met the legal limits of National Standard of Iran (15 μg/kg). In spite of contamination of majority of the cases, none was at hazardous level as the condition for growth of mycotoxin fungus or antioxidant activity in the nut was not suitable in Tehran (humidity level).展开更多
根据巴西坚果2S白蛋白基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行了优化,建立了巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧...根据巴西坚果2S白蛋白基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行了优化,建立了巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧光染料终点显色法。以澳洲坚果、开心果、碧根果等17种常见坚果来验证方法的特异性;将巴西坚果DNA进行梯度稀释后验证方法的灵敏度;将0.5%、1%和1.5%3个浓度梯度的巴西坚果DNA重复检测20次来验证方法的稳定性。结果表明,本方法能够特异、灵敏、稳定地检测食品中的巴西坚果成分,检测低限为0.5%。此外,对7种市售食品样品的检测结果表明,该方法与食品标签标示的过敏原成分结果吻合率为100%,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0%。展开更多
根据澳洲坚果豌豆蛋白AMP2基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行优化,建立澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧...根据澳洲坚果豌豆蛋白AMP2基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行优化,建立澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧光染料终点显色法。对该方法进行了特异性、灵敏度、稳定性评价,结果显示:该方法能够特异性、灵敏、稳定地检测食品中的澳洲坚果成分,检测低限为0.5%。此外,对7种市售食品样品的检测结果表明,该方法与食品标签标示的过敏原成分结果吻合率为100%,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0,在市售食品的过敏原成分检测上较商业化快速检测试纸条更加稳定可靠。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71373154,71303152)Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program(Grant No.15PJC048)
文摘Food safety standard varies among countries due to their income.The food safety standard in advanced countries has become an export barrier for agricultural products and food from developing countries.How to deal with the barrier is a challenge for the less developed countries.This paper,approaching the problem from the gap of food safety standard,employs the data of China-EU nuts trade during 1992 to 2013,to analyze the impact of discrepancy of food safety standard on nuts trade.It found that the difference of food safety standard did affect the bilateral nuts trade,i.e.if the standard gap shrinks by lppb or in the case China's MRLs(maximum residue limits)of aflatoxin B1 close to EU's by lppb,China's nuts exports to EU countries would expand by 6.6%.There're two ways to fill the gap,either EU lower its standard or China enhance its standard,the simulation found the effect that China elevate its nuts chemical standard to CAC or international level will exceed that of EU degrading its standard to CAC level.
基金Supported by Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran
文摘Type 2 diabetes is a complicated metabolic disorder with both short- and long-term undesirable complications. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that functional foods and their bioactive compounds, due to their biological properties, may be used as complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we have highlighted various functional foods as missing part of medical nutrition therapy in diabetic patients. Several in vitro, animal models and some human studies, have demonstrated that functional foods and nutraceuticals may improve postprandial hyperglycemia and adipose tissue metabolism modulatecarbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Functional foods may also improve dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory processes and subsequently could prevent the development of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. In conclusion available data indicate that a functional foods-based diet may be a novel and comprehensive dietary approach for management of type 2 diabetes.
文摘By definition, “aflaxions” refer to a group of chemically toxic fungal metabolites, which are generated by specific species of genus Aspergillus. The species flourish on some of raw foods. This research is an attempt to assess aflatoxin contamination in nuts (Fig, Almond, Hazelnut, Walnut, Pistachio and Sunflower) available in Tehran city market in 2013. The assessments were done using ELISA method. To this end, 200 samples including Fig (n = 30), Almond (n = 25), Hazelnut (n = 25), Walnut (n = 40), Pistachio (n = 40), Sunflower (n = 40) were collected and analyzed regarding contamination with aflatoxin. The result of the tests was positive for 96.5% (193 samples) with total average concentration of 1.68 μg/kg (0 - 6 μg/kg). Moreover, in 6% (12 samples) of the cases, contamination exceeded the EU limits (4 μg/kg), while 100% of the samples met the legal limits of National Standard of Iran (15 μg/kg). In spite of contamination of majority of the cases, none was at hazardous level as the condition for growth of mycotoxin fungus or antioxidant activity in the nut was not suitable in Tehran (humidity level).
文摘根据巴西坚果2S白蛋白基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行了优化,建立了巴西坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧光染料终点显色法。以澳洲坚果、开心果、碧根果等17种常见坚果来验证方法的特异性;将巴西坚果DNA进行梯度稀释后验证方法的灵敏度;将0.5%、1%和1.5%3个浓度梯度的巴西坚果DNA重复检测20次来验证方法的稳定性。结果表明,本方法能够特异、灵敏、稳定地检测食品中的巴西坚果成分,检测低限为0.5%。此外,对7种市售食品样品的检测结果表明,该方法与食品标签标示的过敏原成分结果吻合率为100%,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0%。
文摘根据澳洲坚果豌豆蛋白AMP2基因序列,利用设计软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选了食品过敏原澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增引物,对反应体系和反应条件进行优化,建立澳洲坚果的环介导等温扩增检测方法,结果判断可采用实时荧光法和荧光染料终点显色法。对该方法进行了特异性、灵敏度、稳定性评价,结果显示:该方法能够特异性、灵敏、稳定地检测食品中的澳洲坚果成分,检测低限为0.5%。此外,对7种市售食品样品的检测结果表明,该方法与食品标签标示的过敏原成分结果吻合率为100%,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0,在市售食品的过敏原成分检测上较商业化快速检测试纸条更加稳定可靠。
