Nutmeg essential oil with volatile components is sensitive to oxygen, light, water and high temperature. Spray-drying is widely used as an encapsulation technique for improving compound stability during processing and...Nutmeg essential oil with volatile components is sensitive to oxygen, light, water and high temperature. Spray-drying is widely used as an encapsulation technique for improving compound stability during processing and storage. In this study, influence of encapsulated matrix on spray-dried nutmeg essential oil microcapsule was investigated using blends of maltodextrin and either gum Arabic(GA-MD), or octenyl succinic acid modified starch(OSA-MD) as wall materials. Characteristics of spray-dried powders from these 2 wall materials were evaluated and compared. Powder property analysis indicated that GA-MD microcapsules presented larger size, higher moisture and poorer flowability compared with OSA-MD microcapsules. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis showed that both GA-MD and OSA-MD microcapsules improved the stability of nutmeg essential oil. However, GA-MD microcapsules exhibited higher storage stability than OSA-MD microcapsules. This research provided theoretical foundation for wall material choice of microcapsule and nutmeg essential oil utilization in food industry.展开更多
The effect of different combinations of botanical spices such as clove and nutmeg in different proportion on the antioxidants activities which include lipid peroxidation(LPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),gl...The effect of different combinations of botanical spices such as clove and nutmeg in different proportion on the antioxidants activities which include lipid peroxidation(LPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione-S-transferase(GST)and glutathione peroxide(GPX)in juveniles and adults sizes of Clarias gariepinus was investigated using different combinations of clove(C),and nutmeg(C.N 0:0-Control 0%of Clove and Nutmeg;C.N 1:3-25%Clove and 75%Nutmeg;C.N 3:1-75%Clove and 25%Nutmeg;C.N 2:2-50%Clove and 50%Nutmeg;C.4-100%Clove;N4-100%)in triplicates.The results from the study indicated that the anaesthetic caused a substantial(p<0.05)modifications in the five antioxidants under examination.The highest deviations in the studied antioxidants were observed in the fish exposed to C4 combination of the anaesthetics and the lowest in the control.The results from this work therefore suggest that the anaesthetics can alter antioxidants levels in the fish which was more noticeable in the fish exposed to C.N 3:1-75%Clove and 25%Nutmeg;C.N 2:2-50%Clove and 50%Nutmeg;C.4-100%Clove;N4-100%.Hence fish farmers and scientists are advised to take caution when combining these plant extracts for use in aquaculture.展开更多
研究了广枣-肉豆蔻片的制备过程并对其质量进行控制。基于《中国药典》(2020年版)片剂项要求,考察片剂的外观性状、硬度、崩解时限、重量差异及脆碎度;采用高效液相色谱法测定广枣-肉豆蔻片中4种抗氧化成分的含量。结果表明,片剂外表光...研究了广枣-肉豆蔻片的制备过程并对其质量进行控制。基于《中国药典》(2020年版)片剂项要求,考察片剂的外观性状、硬度、崩解时限、重量差异及脆碎度;采用高效液相色谱法测定广枣-肉豆蔻片中4种抗氧化成分的含量。结果表明,片剂外表光滑,色泽均匀,硬度值处于30~40 N,崩解时限控制在10 min内,脆碎度小于1%;槲皮素、原儿茶酸、甲基丁香酚、肉豆蔻醚分别在0.16~0.8μg/mL(r=0.999)、4~20μg/mL(r=0.999)、8~40μg/mL(r=0.999)、100~500μg/mL(r=0.999)内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.3%、101.6%、100.3%、99.3%。且方法学验证项下精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)数值均未超过2%。该含量测定方法操作简便、专属性强、结果准确可靠,可为复方蒙药广枣-肉豆蔻片的质量标准提供参考。展开更多
SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1(SOC1)在拟南芥中被证实为调节花芽发育的关键因子。胡桃楸是一种重要的木本油料果材兼用树种,其雌雄异型异熟的开花特性未知。为探索SOC1基因在胡桃楸雌雄异型花芽发育过程的调控作用及促...SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1(SOC1)在拟南芥中被证实为调节花芽发育的关键因子。胡桃楸是一种重要的木本油料果材兼用树种,其雌雄异型异熟的开花特性未知。为探索SOC1基因在胡桃楸雌雄异型花芽发育过程的调控作用及促进早花的分子机制,利用胡桃楸花芽转录组数据获取SOC1基因CDS序列,通过PCR扩增技术克隆出SOC1基因的cDNA序列全长,并对其进行生物学信息分析;同时,利用qRT-PCR方法对SOC1基因在胡桃楸不同器官组织以及雌雄先型雌雄花芽不同发育时期的表达情况进行定量分析。结果表明:胡桃楸成花相关JmSOC1基因cDNA序列全长为705 bp,编码234个氨基酸;生物信息学分析得出JmSOC1蛋白分子量为21569.04 Da;理论等电点(pI)值为8.3。qRT-PCR定量表达分析显示,JmSOC1基因在雌雄花蕾、果实、叶和茎中均有表达,但在雌雄花芽中表达量较高,且在雌花中表达量最高;并且在生理分化期时的雌雄花芽表达量趋于平稳,而到形态分化期时雌雄花芽表达量呈递增趋势,且表达量明显高于生理分化期。因此,推测JmSOC1基因参与了胡桃楸雌雄花芽发育的全过程,在开花过程中起着重要的调控作用。研究结果为进一步探索胡桃楸花芽发育的分子机制奠定了基础。展开更多
目的以“心脑同治”理论为依据,采用网络药理学与分子对接方法探究匝迪-5对缺血性心脏病和缺血性脑卒中的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库与分析平台筛选得到匝迪-5中活性成分以及潜在靶点,从OMIM数据库、Gene Card数据库、药物靶标数据...目的以“心脑同治”理论为依据,采用网络药理学与分子对接方法探究匝迪-5对缺血性心脏病和缺血性脑卒中的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库与分析平台筛选得到匝迪-5中活性成分以及潜在靶点,从OMIM数据库、Gene Card数据库、药物靶标数据库中获取缺血性心脏病和缺血性脑卒中疾病相关靶点,取交集获取相交靶点,建立“药材—化学成分—靶点—疾病”网络。构建蛋白相互作用网络,利用DAVID平台对相交靶蛋白进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析。运用Auto dock 4.2软件进行分子对接。结果筛选出疾病与药物相交靶点104个,关键靶点有CASP3、VEGFA、TNF等10个,相交靶点主要富集在MAPK信号通路、糖尿病并发症晚期糖基化终产物及其受体信号通路、Rap1信号通路等多条信号通路中。结论匝迪-5通过多种活性成分、多靶点、多途径作用于炎症反应、细胞凋亡等途径,治疗缺血性心脏病及缺血性脑卒中,实现“心脑同治”,为后续研究提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0400200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701643,31171661,21105119 and 31271879)Research Foundation of the Director General of Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
文摘Nutmeg essential oil with volatile components is sensitive to oxygen, light, water and high temperature. Spray-drying is widely used as an encapsulation technique for improving compound stability during processing and storage. In this study, influence of encapsulated matrix on spray-dried nutmeg essential oil microcapsule was investigated using blends of maltodextrin and either gum Arabic(GA-MD), or octenyl succinic acid modified starch(OSA-MD) as wall materials. Characteristics of spray-dried powders from these 2 wall materials were evaluated and compared. Powder property analysis indicated that GA-MD microcapsules presented larger size, higher moisture and poorer flowability compared with OSA-MD microcapsules. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis showed that both GA-MD and OSA-MD microcapsules improved the stability of nutmeg essential oil. However, GA-MD microcapsules exhibited higher storage stability than OSA-MD microcapsules. This research provided theoretical foundation for wall material choice of microcapsule and nutmeg essential oil utilization in food industry.
文摘The effect of different combinations of botanical spices such as clove and nutmeg in different proportion on the antioxidants activities which include lipid peroxidation(LPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione-S-transferase(GST)and glutathione peroxide(GPX)in juveniles and adults sizes of Clarias gariepinus was investigated using different combinations of clove(C),and nutmeg(C.N 0:0-Control 0%of Clove and Nutmeg;C.N 1:3-25%Clove and 75%Nutmeg;C.N 3:1-75%Clove and 25%Nutmeg;C.N 2:2-50%Clove and 50%Nutmeg;C.4-100%Clove;N4-100%)in triplicates.The results from the study indicated that the anaesthetic caused a substantial(p<0.05)modifications in the five antioxidants under examination.The highest deviations in the studied antioxidants were observed in the fish exposed to C4 combination of the anaesthetics and the lowest in the control.The results from this work therefore suggest that the anaesthetics can alter antioxidants levels in the fish which was more noticeable in the fish exposed to C.N 3:1-75%Clove and 25%Nutmeg;C.N 2:2-50%Clove and 50%Nutmeg;C.4-100%Clove;N4-100%.Hence fish farmers and scientists are advised to take caution when combining these plant extracts for use in aquaculture.
文摘研究了广枣-肉豆蔻片的制备过程并对其质量进行控制。基于《中国药典》(2020年版)片剂项要求,考察片剂的外观性状、硬度、崩解时限、重量差异及脆碎度;采用高效液相色谱法测定广枣-肉豆蔻片中4种抗氧化成分的含量。结果表明,片剂外表光滑,色泽均匀,硬度值处于30~40 N,崩解时限控制在10 min内,脆碎度小于1%;槲皮素、原儿茶酸、甲基丁香酚、肉豆蔻醚分别在0.16~0.8μg/mL(r=0.999)、4~20μg/mL(r=0.999)、8~40μg/mL(r=0.999)、100~500μg/mL(r=0.999)内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.3%、101.6%、100.3%、99.3%。且方法学验证项下精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)数值均未超过2%。该含量测定方法操作简便、专属性强、结果准确可靠,可为复方蒙药广枣-肉豆蔻片的质量标准提供参考。
文摘SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1(SOC1)在拟南芥中被证实为调节花芽发育的关键因子。胡桃楸是一种重要的木本油料果材兼用树种,其雌雄异型异熟的开花特性未知。为探索SOC1基因在胡桃楸雌雄异型花芽发育过程的调控作用及促进早花的分子机制,利用胡桃楸花芽转录组数据获取SOC1基因CDS序列,通过PCR扩增技术克隆出SOC1基因的cDNA序列全长,并对其进行生物学信息分析;同时,利用qRT-PCR方法对SOC1基因在胡桃楸不同器官组织以及雌雄先型雌雄花芽不同发育时期的表达情况进行定量分析。结果表明:胡桃楸成花相关JmSOC1基因cDNA序列全长为705 bp,编码234个氨基酸;生物信息学分析得出JmSOC1蛋白分子量为21569.04 Da;理论等电点(pI)值为8.3。qRT-PCR定量表达分析显示,JmSOC1基因在雌雄花蕾、果实、叶和茎中均有表达,但在雌雄花芽中表达量较高,且在雌花中表达量最高;并且在生理分化期时的雌雄花芽表达量趋于平稳,而到形态分化期时雌雄花芽表达量呈递增趋势,且表达量明显高于生理分化期。因此,推测JmSOC1基因参与了胡桃楸雌雄花芽发育的全过程,在开花过程中起着重要的调控作用。研究结果为进一步探索胡桃楸花芽发育的分子机制奠定了基础。
文摘目的以“心脑同治”理论为依据,采用网络药理学与分子对接方法探究匝迪-5对缺血性心脏病和缺血性脑卒中的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库与分析平台筛选得到匝迪-5中活性成分以及潜在靶点,从OMIM数据库、Gene Card数据库、药物靶标数据库中获取缺血性心脏病和缺血性脑卒中疾病相关靶点,取交集获取相交靶点,建立“药材—化学成分—靶点—疾病”网络。构建蛋白相互作用网络,利用DAVID平台对相交靶蛋白进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析。运用Auto dock 4.2软件进行分子对接。结果筛选出疾病与药物相交靶点104个,关键靶点有CASP3、VEGFA、TNF等10个,相交靶点主要富集在MAPK信号通路、糖尿病并发症晚期糖基化终产物及其受体信号通路、Rap1信号通路等多条信号通路中。结论匝迪-5通过多种活性成分、多靶点、多途径作用于炎症反应、细胞凋亡等途径,治疗缺血性心脏病及缺血性脑卒中,实现“心脑同治”,为后续研究提供参考。
