Studying the Effect of Polyester Fiber Blend Ratio and Pilling Cycle on Blended Knit Fabrics

Pilling is a severe concern for blended fabrics. The aesthetic look and smoothness are the buyers’ prime requirements. The main focus of the study was to see the pilling behavior from various percentages of polyester fiber blend ratio as well as the different pilling cycles on blended fabrics. The cotton, polyester, and elastane prepared the study fabrics. These fabrics are (90% Cotton/5% Polyester/5% Elastane, 90% Cotton/6% Polyester/4% Elastane, 90% Cotton/7% Polyester/3% Elastane, 90% Cotton/8% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 90% Cotton/9% Polyester/1% Elastane, 85% Cotton/10% Polyester/5% Elastane, 85% Cotton/11% Polyester/4% Elastane, 85% Cotton/12% Polyester/3% Elastane, 85% Cotton/13% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 85% Cotton/ 14% Polyester/1% Elastane, 80% Cotton/15% Polyester/5% Elastane, 80% Cotton/16% Polyester/4% Elastane, 80% Cotton/17% Polyester/3% Elastane, 80% Cotton/18% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 80% Cotton/19% Polyester/1% Elastane). The selected polyester blend ratios were 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18% and 19% respectively. The study used the Martindale pilling tester with 2000, 5000, and 7000 cycles, respectively. The evaluation followed the ISO 12945-2:2000. The study findings are that the polyester fiber blend ratio did not influence the pilling grade on blended fabrics for pilling cycles 2000, and the pilling grade remained constant at 4 - 5. The pilling grade started to deteriorate in pilling cycle 5000 for the fabrics 85%C/10%P/5%E, 85%C/11%P/4%E, 85%C/12%P/3%E, 85%C/ 13%P/2%E, 85%C/14%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, and the fabrics made from 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, 3, 3, 3, and 3 respectively. For the pilling cycles 7000, the pilling grade further deteriorated for the fabrics 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 3, 3, 2, 2, and 2 respectively. The study finds the dominance of polyester fiber throughout the experiment. The author hopes this study’s outcome will help new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile industry’s sustainable development research and development team.

Predicting Bursting Strength Behavior of Weft Knitted Fabrics Using Various Percentages of Cotton, Polyester, and Spandex Fibers

The bursting strength is an essential quality parameter of knit fabric. The fabric structure, weight, types of fibers, and fiber blend proportion influence the bursting strength parameter. The tenacity of polyester fiber is better than cotton and spandex. The study focused on predicting knit fabric bursting strength test value using different fibers (cotton, polyester, and spandex) with varying percentages of the blend ratio. This study used fifteen categories of blended fabrics. The Pearson Correlation and the hypothetical ANOVA regression analysis were conducted to do the statistical significance test. The experimental result reveals that the bursting strength test result increased with the increased percentage of polyester and suggested a suitable regression equation. The dominance of the polyester fiber was observed throughout the experiment, i.e., the higher the polyester blend proportion, the higher the bursting strength value. The inclusion of polyester in blends can reduce the cost of fabric. The developed prediction model or equation can help the fabric manufacturer make appropriate decisions regarding getting the expected bursting strength. The researcher hopes that the findings from this study will motivate new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile manufacturing industry.

Influence of Polyester Resin Treatment on Jute Fabrics for Geotextile Applications

In this study, jute woven fabrics (1 × 1 plain, twill, zigzag and diamond weave) were manufactured from 100% raw jute yarn. The fabric specimens were treated by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% unsaturated polyester resin where styrene monomer used as a solvent and 1% methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) was used as initiator. Two bar pressure was applied for complete wetting of the fabric by a Padder and curing was done at 130?C for 10 minutes. The physico-mechanical characteristics of untreated and treated samples were examined and evaluated. It was revealed that moisture content (MC) and water absorbency of the treated specimens were decreased with the increase of resin percentage (%) in the fabrics. MC and water absorbency were maximum decreased up to 50.23% and 60.14% respectively by 25% resin treatment. On the other hand, bending length (BL), flexural rigidity (FR), flexural modulus (FM) and tensile strength (TS) were enhanced with the increase of resin percentage in the fabrics which resulted higher fabric stiffness. The maximum improvement of BL, FR, FM and TS were found to be 6.67%, 56.04%, 10.57% and 18.75% respectively in comparison to untreated sample. Soil degradation tests exhibited that 33.59% TS loss occurred for untreated specimens where only 8.04% loss of TS found for 25% resin treated one. Furthermore, jute based twill, zigzag and diamond fabrics were also treated by 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% resin, then measured their TS and compared with plain fabrics. It was revealed that plain fabrics have superior TS over other fabrics. It was also evident that TS enhanced for all the fabrics after resin treatment and maximum increase found for all the fabrics up to 25% resin treatment.

Development of Superhydrophobic Polyester (Polyethylene terephthalate) Fabric for Multiple Applications

This study intended to develop a healthy and environmentally friendly super-hydrophobic PET polyester textile fabric using a specific Fluoro Silane finish(SHF).A novel SHF was prepared and applied on a polyester fabric using a pad-dry-cure method.The finished fabric was evaluated for the degree of hydrophobicity,durability and stain repellence.The finished fabric exhibited static water contact angle greater than 170o and received 90 AATCC(4 ISO)rating that is recognized as super-hydrophobicity and this property was maintained even after a 50,000-cycle abrasion test.FTIR analysis identified the characteristic peaks related to Si-O-Si and C-F asymmetric stretching bands of the finish on the fabric indicating a robust attachment on the fabric.Finished fabric did not show any change in appearance or tactile characteristics of the fabric.

Research on the Dyeing Properties of Silk-like Knitted Fabric of Ultra-fine Polyester Fiber

In this paper, dyeing processes of silk-like fabric of ultra-fine polyester fiber are studied through orthogonal experiment, dyeing properties (K/S value, L* value, and C* value) of the fabric are tested under different dyeing conditions (pH value, time, and bath ratlo), and optimum dyeing conditions are arrived at through analysis.

Atmospheric-pressure Air Plasma Treatment of Polyester Fabrics for Inkjet Printing with Pigment Inks

Without any preprocessing,polyester fabric has lower ability to hold on water and inks due to the smooth morphology of polyester fibers. Therefore, patterns directly printed with pigment inks have poor color yields and bleed easily. Pretreatments of polyester fabric were carried out with atmospheric air plasma under different experimental conditions. After plasma treatment the samples were printed with magenta pigment ink. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicated that the enhanced color performance was mainly contributed by not only the etching effect but also oxygen-containing polar groups induced onto fiber surfaces through plasma treatment. Thereby the surface modification of polyester fabrics using atmospheric-pressure air plasma offers a potential way to fabric pretreatment for pigment inkjet printing with the advantages of environmental friendly and energy saving over traditional pretreatment methods.

Recovery of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics by Alkali Dissolution

A new type of alkali-soluble polyester/cotton blended yarns was used to knit a compact knitted fabric on a circular weft knitting machine,treated with 5 g/L NaOH solution for 60 min at a temperature of 100℃,and the polyester was completely dissolved.The dissolved polyester could be polymerized again by a polycondensation reaction.After the cotton fibers were opened and combed,the length and mechanical properties of the cotton fibers were tested.The physical and mechanical properties of the separated cotton fibers were good.The chemical structure and crystallinity were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.It could be seen that the chemical structure of cotton fibers was almost unchanged after treatment,and the crystallinity decreased slightly.It provides some reference for the separation and recycling of waste polyester/cotton fabrics.

Mathematical Index for Evaluating Disperse Dyes Levelness of Superfine Polyester Fabric

The dyeing deference between the superfine and the con-ventional polyester fabric is discussed. The major threefactors affecting the level dyeing property of superfinepolyester-initial adsorption rate, desorption rate andinterface migration rate of dyestuffs at 70℃ are studied.The levelness improves considerably with decreased ini-tial adsorption rate, increased desorption rate and inter-face migration rate. And then a mathematical indexbased on them is established. The evaluation to dispersedyes resulting from it corresponds with their perfor-mance during industrial process. As new definitions, ini-tial adsorption rate and desorption rate of dyestuffs arefirstly introduced.

TiO_2/Polyester Non-woven Fabrics as a Kind of Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Formaldehyde Gas

The feasibility of photocatalytic degradation of the formaldehyde gas by titanium dioxide （TiO2）/polyester non-woven fabrics was studied. The effects of parameters such as the concentration of TiO2 solution, pH value, and drying temperature on the photocatalytic degradation of the formaldehyde gas were also studied. The results showed that the photodegradation efficiency of the formaldehyde gas increased rapidly with the increasing of the concentration of TiO2 solution up to 15g/L, but when the concentration was in excess of 15 g/L, the photodegradation efficiency decreased gradually and fluctuated due to light obstruction and disperse state of TiO2. Adjusting the pH value in the solution, the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of the formaldehyde gas could be improved. The mechanisms of the reaction and the role of the additives were also investigated. After 42hours, TiO2/polyester non-woven fabric showed no significant loss of the photocatalytic activity.

Functionalization of Nylon Fabrics with Dopamine Deposition and TiO2 Nanoparticles Immobilization

Ultraviolet(UV)radiation can cause degradation or aging of many polymers and shorten the working-life of their products.Thus,UV protective covers are required in various occasions.Textiles with the UV-shielding function possess unique properties compared with those covers in board or film shapes.TiO_2 nanoparticles(NPs),which were reported to have superior UV blocking function,can be used to produce UV protective covers in combination with fabric.However,efficient and environmentally friendly immobilization of TiO_2 Nps onto the fabrics is challenging.Polydopamine(PDA),a biomimetic synthetic polymer,has attracted great attentions recently due to its superior affinity to various materials and facile application procedure.Hence,in this research,the surface of nylon fabrics was modified by PDA to immobilizeTiO_2 NPs.Themodificationconditionswere systematically optimized.The immobilization of the NPs was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The functionalized nylon fabrics were proved to exhibit improved UV protection properties even after washing.This work provides a new and versatile surface modification technique for textiles.

Preparation and Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of Flax/Glass Fabric Reinforced Polymer Hybrid Composites

Synthetic reinforced composites affect the environment adversely and have become a global concern, causing increased natural composite demand for sustainability and cost effectiveness. Glass is a popular material that is highly consumed in reinforced composites for its superior mechanical strength. As opposed to that, flax obtained from flax stalks can be used as an alternative reinforcing material with synthetic fibers to minimize manmade fiber consumption. Hence, this research work addresses a few flax/glass-reinforced hybrid composites by using a thermoset polyester matrix. Here, six categories of samples are made, like neat flax, neat glass, and flax/glass fabric reinforced hybrid composite, followed by different stacking layer sequences and hand layout techniques during processing. Afterwards, the mechanical behavior, thermal stability, morphological behavior, and water absorption of hybrid samples were investigated. Among the developed samples, neat glass (NG) composite exhibits superior mechanical properties, while neat flax (NF) shows the lowest result. It is apparent that the mechanical properties and thermal stability of hybrid samples are in between NF and NG because, by adding glass with flax fabric, the strength of hybrid samples is increased. Moreover, it is noticeable that, due to multiple stacking layers of flax and glass, hybrid 3 and hybrid 4 show better strength than consecutive single stacking layers in hybrid 1 and hybrid 2. Among all hybrid composites, the H4 shows comparatively better mechanical and thermal properties due to having the glass layers on the outermost surface. In summary, this research work demonstrated the feasibility of flax fabric with glass fabric as a reinforced hybrid composite that can be used in automobile inner bodies, household furnishing, and home interior decoration.

Preparation and Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of Flax/Glass Fabric Reinforced Polymer Hybrid Composites

Synthetic reinforced composites affect the environment adversely and have become a global concern, causing increased natural composite demand for sustainability and cost effectiveness. Glass is a popular material that is highly consumed in reinforced composites for its superior mechanical strength. As opposed to that, flax obtained from flax stalks can be used as an alternative reinforcing material with synthetic fibers to minimize manmade fiber consumption. Hence, this research work addresses a few flax/glass-reinforced hybrid composites by using a thermoset polyester matrix. Here, six categories of samples are made, like neat flax, neat glass, and flax/glass fabric reinforced hybrid composite, followed by different stacking layer sequences and hand layout techniques during processing. Afterwards, the mechanical behavior, thermal stability, morphological behavior, and water absorption of hybrid samples were investigated. Among the developed samples, neat glass (NG) composite exhibits superior mechanical properties, while neat flax (NF) shows the lowest result. It is apparent that the mechanical properties and thermal stability of hybrid samples are in between NF and NG because, by adding glass with flax fabric, the strength of hybrid samples is increased. Moreover, it is noticeable that, due to multiple stacking layers of flax and glass, hybrid 3 and hybrid 4 show better strength than consecutive single stacking layers in hybrid 1 and hybrid 2. Among all hybrid composites, the H4 shows comparatively better mechanical and thermal properties due to having the glass layers on the outermost surface. In summary, this research work demonstrated the feasibility of flax fabric with glass fabric as a reinforced hybrid composite that can be used in automobile inner bodies, household furnishing, and home interior decoration.

中国废旧军服面料回收利用的研究现状及发展前景

为促进废旧军服面料的高值化回收利用,总结了国内07式军服的种类及其面料特征,系统分析了目前开纤纺纱法、再生聚酯切片法、涤棉分离技术等废旧军服面料的回收利用方法,并对废旧军服面料回收再利用的发展前景进行展望。分析表明:目前废旧军服面料的回收利用主要聚焦于简单再利用或回收涤纶组分制备高值再生聚酯切片,较少关注军服面料中其余组分的高值回收利用。针对废旧军服面料中含量相对较高的涤棉混纺面料,采用有效的涤棉分离技术高效分离涤纶和棉纤维,并以此作为原料分别制备再生聚酯切片和再生溶解浆,进一步以再生棉浆粕为原料制备再生纤维素产品将非常有前景。因而,开发高效的涤棉分离、废旧涤纶和棉纤维的高值化利用技术是实现废旧军服面料综合利用的重要发展方向。

丙烯酸酯增深剂的制备及在涤纶织物中的应用

利用乳液聚合法制备丙烯酸酯增深剂,并用于阿拉伯国家专用黑色涤纶织物增深整理。当增深剂质量浓度为40 g/L,焙烘温度为140℃,焙烘时间为3 min时,整理织物的增深比达39.46%,撕裂强力、耐摩擦和耐皂洗色牢度无明显变化,织物表面被一层颗粒状微球组成的膜状物包覆,织物表面C元素质量分数从73.22%减少到70.17%,O元素质量分数从26.78%减少到25.44%,新引入了4.39%N元素。

涤纶织物分散荧光黄染色及易去污整理

为了改善荧光黄染色涤纶织物的易去污性,以色度坐标和亮度因子β为指标,优化染色工艺和易去污整理工艺。结果表明,荧光黄10G对涤纶织物最佳染色工艺条件为:染料质量分数1.0%(omf),染浴pH为5,染色温度130℃,染色时间40 min;最佳易去污整理工艺为:整理剂质量浓度40 g/L,焙烘温度150℃,焙烘时间60 s。整理后的涤纶织物经10次洗涤后易去污性仍达4级,经30次洗涤后其荧光性能仍可满足相关标准要求,且耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均达到4级以上。

GN-g-MAH/PPy多功能PET非织造布的制备及应用

为提高聚酯(PET)非织造布的性能,将导电材料通过表面改性引入PET非织造布,采用单宁酸(TA)作为桥联剂,功能化石墨烯(GN-g-MAH)和聚吡咯(PPy)作为导电功能层,制备得到多功能PET非织造布,并使用SEM、XRD、TG等测试了PET/GN-g-MAH/PPy的微观结构和热稳定性。结果表明:通过循环自组装法及低温化学聚合法成功制备了PET/GN-g-MAH/PPy非织造布,表现出良好的导电性,表面电阻率低至3.11×10^(-2)Ω·m,表面由疏水转变为亲水。基于此,非织造布也表现出优异的电热性能,对其施加3 V驱动电压时,可在20s内产生约40℃的饱和温度。此外,还具有良好的光热转换性能,当光照强度为300 mW/cm^(2)时,照射20 s后,表面温度可稳定到105.8℃,非织造布还表现出优异的光热抗菌性,当大肠杆菌的菌液浓度为1.6×10^(8)CFU/mL时,使用氙灯模拟太阳光源照射后,抗菌率达到99.6%。

涤纶织物染色/吸湿排汗整理一浴法工艺探讨

通过对涤纶短纤织物吸湿速干整理剂/分散染料一浴法整理工艺的研究,探讨了吸湿快干整理剂用量对织物吸湿快干性及染色性能的影响,优化了一浴法的整理工艺。结果表明,当染浴中加入1.5%~2.0%浓度的HMW8870吸湿快干整理剂时,涤纶织物可以获得较好的吸湿快干性能,并可使织物获得良好的染色深度与耐洗色牢度,最佳整理工艺为:碱减量率为10%左右,HMW8870吸湿排汗整理剂的用量为1.5%~2.0%,染浴pH值为6.0左右,整理保温时间为50~60min。

DOPO-APTES的制备及其对涤纶织物阻燃抗熔滴性能的研究

为了提高涤纶织物的阻燃性和抗熔滴性能,采用Atherton-Todd反应,以DOPO和APTES为原料合成了一种含有N,P,Si 3种元素的阻燃剂DOPO-APTES。通过溶胶-凝胶法,将DOPO-APTES整理到涤纶织物上。与涤纶原样相比,整理后涤纶织物的残炭率明显增加,具有较好的阻燃效果,同时抗熔滴性能大大提高。

涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能

针对超疏水织物的整理工艺相对复杂且常用含氟化合物有毒的问题,将甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、氨水和无水乙醇以体积比为3∶50∶50混合后常温水解,采用浸渍法一步制备了耐久性超疏水涤纶织物。探讨了水解时间对织物表面润湿性及形貌的影响,对整理后织物的表观形貌、化学结构与元素组成、润湿性、断裂强力及涂层的稳定性和耐久性等进行分析与表征。结果表明:当水解时间为120 min整理的涤纶织物具有超疏水性,其静态水接触角为(150.6±0.9)°,滚动角为9°;与未整理涤纶织物相比,超疏水涤纶织物经向、纬向的抗拉强度分别提高了8.31%和11.61%,且经600 min超声波洗涤、10000次摩擦测试、24 h酸碱溶液浸泡及24 h紫外光老化测试后仍然保持超疏水性,具有较好的力学稳定性和环境耐久性;水解时间为90~210 min整理的涤纶织物,经5次水油分离循环测试其分离效率均在97.0%以上。该方法及工艺绿色高效,所制备的涤纶织物在水油分离、水体净化等领域具有潜在的应用前景和价值。

涤纶长丝织物上浆浆料类型判别

涤纶长丝织物上浆浆料主要有水分散性聚酯浆料和聚丙烯酸酯浆料两大类,为了准确鉴别涤纶长丝织物上浆浆料的类型,通过分析水分散性聚酯浆料和聚丙烯酸酯浆料的分子结构差异,采用阳离子染料染色法、紫外光谱分析法、傅里叶红外光谱分析法、EDS能谱分析法等方法,对涤纶长丝织物上两种浆料进行鉴别。结果表明:可以通过0.2 g/L NaOH溶液退浆后的退浆液在波长240 nm处是否有紫外吸收峰来区别两种浆料,有吸收峰的是水分散性聚酯浆料上浆涤纶长丝织物,无吸收峰的是聚丙烯酸酯浆料上浆涤纶长丝织物,而阳离子染料染色法、傅里叶红外光谱分析法、EDS能谱分析法无法准确鉴别这两种浆料。