The experiment was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed groups compared to ...The experiment was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed groups compared to the control in a static non-renewal bioassay for 96 hours. The fishes (N = 180, mean weight and length 21.48 ± 3.32 g and 11.37 ± 1.23 cm) respectively were randomly distributed 10 (ten) fishes per group in triplicates constituting six experimental groups as follows;G1 (Control), G2 (6.5 mg/l), G3 (7.8 mg/l), G4 (8.5 mg/l), G5 (9.5 mg/l) and G6 (11.5 mg/l). Red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as opposed to the significant (P < 0.05) increase in total white blood cell count (TWBC). Thus the study concludes that aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark is toxic to erythrocytes while a converse adaptive response in the white blood cells.展开更多
Endophytic fungi live internally in apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.They are ubiquitous;no study has yet shown the existence of a plant species without endophytes.High species diversity is another characteri...Endophytic fungi live internally in apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.They are ubiquitous;no study has yet shown the existence of a plant species without endophytes.High species diversity is another characteristic of endophytic mycota.It is quite common for endophyte surveys to find assemblages consisting of more than 30species per host plant species.In the present study,179 isolates were obtained from leaf,stem,and tissues of Adenium obesum collected from Virudhunagar,India.The endophytic fungi were identified based on the colony morphology and sporulating structures.Aspergillus sp.(28.5%),Aspergilus breviceps(30%),Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(23%)and Scorpulariopsis brevicalis(17%)were the most dominant species.The colonization frequency was higher in the winter season.Phyllosticta hymanaeae was isolated from leaf tissues during the summer and winter season.Aspergillus was the predominant genus isolated from all of leaf,stem and bark tissues of Adenium obesum.展开更多
Objective:To select best extraction method for the isolated antioxidant compounds from the stems of Adenium obesum.Methods:Two methods used for the extraction are Soxhlet and maceration methods.Methanol solvent was us...Objective:To select best extraction method for the isolated antioxidant compounds from the stems of Adenium obesum.Methods:Two methods used for the extraction are Soxhlet and maceration methods.Methanol solvent was used for both extraction method.The methanol crude extract was defatted with water and extracted successively with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate and butanol solvents.The antioxidant potential for all crude extracts were determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method.Results:The percentage of extraction yield by Soxhlet method is higher compared to maceration method.The antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by Soxhlet extractor method was highest in ethyl acetate and lowest in hexane crude extracts and found in the order of ethyl acetate>butanol>water>chloroform>methanol>hexane.However,the antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by maceration method was highest in butanol and lowest in hexane followed in the order of butanol>methanol>chloroform>water>ethyl acetate>hexane.Conclusions:The results showed that isolate antioxidant compounds effected on the extraction method and condition of extraction.展开更多
文摘The experiment was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed groups compared to the control in a static non-renewal bioassay for 96 hours. The fishes (N = 180, mean weight and length 21.48 ± 3.32 g and 11.37 ± 1.23 cm) respectively were randomly distributed 10 (ten) fishes per group in triplicates constituting six experimental groups as follows;G1 (Control), G2 (6.5 mg/l), G3 (7.8 mg/l), G4 (8.5 mg/l), G5 (9.5 mg/l) and G6 (11.5 mg/l). Red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as opposed to the significant (P < 0.05) increase in total white blood cell count (TWBC). Thus the study concludes that aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark is toxic to erythrocytes while a converse adaptive response in the white blood cells.
文摘Endophytic fungi live internally in apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts.They are ubiquitous;no study has yet shown the existence of a plant species without endophytes.High species diversity is another characteristic of endophytic mycota.It is quite common for endophyte surveys to find assemblages consisting of more than 30species per host plant species.In the present study,179 isolates were obtained from leaf,stem,and tissues of Adenium obesum collected from Virudhunagar,India.The endophytic fungi were identified based on the colony morphology and sporulating structures.Aspergillus sp.(28.5%),Aspergilus breviceps(30%),Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(23%)and Scorpulariopsis brevicalis(17%)were the most dominant species.The colonization frequency was higher in the winter season.Phyllosticta hymanaeae was isolated from leaf tissues during the summer and winter season.Aspergillus was the predominant genus isolated from all of leaf,stem and bark tissues of Adenium obesum.
基金Supported by the University of Nizwa,Sultanate of Oman with Grant No.Ref.No.A/13-14-UoN/04/CPN/IF.
文摘Objective:To select best extraction method for the isolated antioxidant compounds from the stems of Adenium obesum.Methods:Two methods used for the extraction are Soxhlet and maceration methods.Methanol solvent was used for both extraction method.The methanol crude extract was defatted with water and extracted successively with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate and butanol solvents.The antioxidant potential for all crude extracts were determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method.Results:The percentage of extraction yield by Soxhlet method is higher compared to maceration method.The antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by Soxhlet extractor method was highest in ethyl acetate and lowest in hexane crude extracts and found in the order of ethyl acetate>butanol>water>chloroform>methanol>hexane.However,the antioxidant potential for methanol and its derived fractions by maceration method was highest in butanol and lowest in hexane followed in the order of butanol>methanol>chloroform>water>ethyl acetate>hexane.Conclusions:The results showed that isolate antioxidant compounds effected on the extraction method and condition of extraction.
