A novel temporal shape error concealment technique is proposed, which can he used in the context of object-based video coding schemes. In order to reduce the effect of the shape variations of a video object, the curva...A novel temporal shape error concealment technique is proposed, which can he used in the context of object-based video coding schemes. In order to reduce the effect of the shape variations of a video object, the curvature scale space （CSS） technique is adopted to extract features, and then these features are used for boundary matching between the current frame and the previous frame. Because the temporal, spatial and sta- tistical video contour information are all considered, the proposed method can find the optimal matching, which is used to replace the damaged contours. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better subjective, objective qualities and higher efficiency than those previously developed methods.展开更多
目的构建基于视频目标检测的中药饮片调剂预警系统,降低中药饮片调剂混淆事件发生率,保障用药安全。方法设计基于人工智能的中药饮片调剂预警系统开发方案,分为视频采集、目标检测、文字识别和预警四个模块。预警系统可以驱动监控视频...目的构建基于视频目标检测的中药饮片调剂预警系统,降低中药饮片调剂混淆事件发生率,保障用药安全。方法设计基于人工智能的中药饮片调剂预警系统开发方案,分为视频采集、目标检测、文字识别和预警四个模块。预警系统可以驱动监控视频实时检测药剂师中药饮片调剂内容,与处方实时比对,对漏配、错配和多配等错误调剂信息进行语音和图文信息预警。本文以小柴胡汤加减方为基础,采购3个批次中药饮片样本,采集并标注1524张饮片图像,制作中药饮片数据集,基于Faster R-CNN算法训练目标检测模型并进行系统构建。结果经测试Faster R-CNN模型均值平均精度(mean average precision,mAP)达到了9510%,利用训练好的目标检测模型结合文字识别和预警算法构建预警系统,对中药饮片调剂过程进行识别,系统能对调剂错误行为进行准确自动报警。结论该系统可实时、主动进行中药饮片调剂检测和预警,为中药饮片调剂智能化提供新思路,提高中药饮片调剂科技水平,促进中医药与人工智能相结合。展开更多
BACKGROUND System based practice(SBP) milestones require trainees to effectively navigate the larger health care system for optimal patient care. In gastroenterology training programs, the assessment of SBP is difficu...BACKGROUND System based practice(SBP) milestones require trainees to effectively navigate the larger health care system for optimal patient care. In gastroenterology training programs, the assessment of SBP is difficult due to high volume, high acuity inpatient care, as well as inconsistent direct supervision. Nevertheless,structured assessment is required for training programs. We hypothesized that objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) would be an effective tool for assessment of SBP.AIM To develop a novel method for SBP milestone assessment of gastroenterology fellows using the OSCE.METHODS For this observational study, we created 4 OSCE stations: Counseling an impaired colleague, handoff after overnight call, a feeding tube placement discussion, and giving feedback to a medical student on a progress note. Twentysix first year fellows from 7 programs participated. All fellows encountered identical case presentations. Checklists were completed by trained standardized patients who interacted with each fellow participant. A report with individual and composite scores was generated and forwarded to program directors to utilize in formative assessment. Fellows also received immediate feedback from a faculty observer and completed a post-session program evaluation survey.RESULTS Survey response rate was 100%. The average composite score across SBP milestones for all cases were 6.22(SBP1), 4.34(SBP2), 3.35(SBP3), and 6.42(SBP4)out of 9. The lowest composite score was in SBP 3, which asks fellows to advocate for cost effective care. This highest score was in patient care 2, which asks fellows to develop comprehensive management plans. Discrepancies were identified between the fellows’ perceived performance in their self-assessments and Standardized Patient checklist evaluations for each case. Eighty-seven percent of fellows agreed that OSCEs are an important component of their clinical training,and 83% stated that the cases were similar to actual clinical encounters. All participating fellows stated that the immediate feedback was "very useful." One hundred percent of the fellows stated they would incorporate OSCE learning into their clinical practice.CONCLUSION OSCEs may be used for standardized evaluation of SBP milestones. Trainees scored lower on SBP milestones than other more concrete milestones. Training programs should consider OSCEs for assessment of SBP.展开更多
By exponentiating each of the components of a finite mixture of two exponential components model by a positive parameter, several shapes of hazard rate functions are obtained. Maximum likelihood and Bayes methods, bas...By exponentiating each of the components of a finite mixture of two exponential components model by a positive parameter, several shapes of hazard rate functions are obtained. Maximum likelihood and Bayes methods, based on square error loss function and objective prior, are used to obtain estimators based on balanced square error loss function for the parameters, survival and hazard rate functions of a mixture of two exponentiated exponential components model. Approximate interval estimators of the parameters of the model are obtained.展开更多
Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliabili...Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliability was proposed to solve the problem of discrete system resources configuration in this paper. This algorithm used the particle-swarm optimization( PSO) to evaluate the tradeoffs configuration of the system resources between reliability and performance and proved the feasibility through the simulation.Finally, the information of resources configuration from optimization algorithm was used to effectively guide the system design so as to mitigate soft errors caused by single event effect( SEE).展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60532070)
文摘A novel temporal shape error concealment technique is proposed, which can he used in the context of object-based video coding schemes. In order to reduce the effect of the shape variations of a video object, the curvature scale space （CSS） technique is adopted to extract features, and then these features are used for boundary matching between the current frame and the previous frame. Because the temporal, spatial and sta- tistical video contour information are all considered, the proposed method can find the optimal matching, which is used to replace the damaged contours. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better subjective, objective qualities and higher efficiency than those previously developed methods.
文摘目的构建基于视频目标检测的中药饮片调剂预警系统,降低中药饮片调剂混淆事件发生率,保障用药安全。方法设计基于人工智能的中药饮片调剂预警系统开发方案,分为视频采集、目标检测、文字识别和预警四个模块。预警系统可以驱动监控视频实时检测药剂师中药饮片调剂内容,与处方实时比对,对漏配、错配和多配等错误调剂信息进行语音和图文信息预警。本文以小柴胡汤加减方为基础,采购3个批次中药饮片样本,采集并标注1524张饮片图像,制作中药饮片数据集,基于Faster R-CNN算法训练目标检测模型并进行系统构建。结果经测试Faster R-CNN模型均值平均精度(mean average precision,mAP)达到了9510%,利用训练好的目标检测模型结合文字识别和预警算法构建预警系统,对中药饮片调剂过程进行识别,系统能对调剂错误行为进行准确自动报警。结论该系统可实时、主动进行中药饮片调剂检测和预警,为中药饮片调剂智能化提供新思路,提高中药饮片调剂科技水平,促进中医药与人工智能相结合。
文摘BACKGROUND System based practice(SBP) milestones require trainees to effectively navigate the larger health care system for optimal patient care. In gastroenterology training programs, the assessment of SBP is difficult due to high volume, high acuity inpatient care, as well as inconsistent direct supervision. Nevertheless,structured assessment is required for training programs. We hypothesized that objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) would be an effective tool for assessment of SBP.AIM To develop a novel method for SBP milestone assessment of gastroenterology fellows using the OSCE.METHODS For this observational study, we created 4 OSCE stations: Counseling an impaired colleague, handoff after overnight call, a feeding tube placement discussion, and giving feedback to a medical student on a progress note. Twentysix first year fellows from 7 programs participated. All fellows encountered identical case presentations. Checklists were completed by trained standardized patients who interacted with each fellow participant. A report with individual and composite scores was generated and forwarded to program directors to utilize in formative assessment. Fellows also received immediate feedback from a faculty observer and completed a post-session program evaluation survey.RESULTS Survey response rate was 100%. The average composite score across SBP milestones for all cases were 6.22(SBP1), 4.34(SBP2), 3.35(SBP3), and 6.42(SBP4)out of 9. The lowest composite score was in SBP 3, which asks fellows to advocate for cost effective care. This highest score was in patient care 2, which asks fellows to develop comprehensive management plans. Discrepancies were identified between the fellows’ perceived performance in their self-assessments and Standardized Patient checklist evaluations for each case. Eighty-seven percent of fellows agreed that OSCEs are an important component of their clinical training,and 83% stated that the cases were similar to actual clinical encounters. All participating fellows stated that the immediate feedback was "very useful." One hundred percent of the fellows stated they would incorporate OSCE learning into their clinical practice.CONCLUSION OSCEs may be used for standardized evaluation of SBP milestones. Trainees scored lower on SBP milestones than other more concrete milestones. Training programs should consider OSCEs for assessment of SBP.
文摘By exponentiating each of the components of a finite mixture of two exponential components model by a positive parameter, several shapes of hazard rate functions are obtained. Maximum likelihood and Bayes methods, based on square error loss function and objective prior, are used to obtain estimators based on balanced square error loss function for the parameters, survival and hazard rate functions of a mixture of two exponentiated exponential components model. Approximate interval estimators of the parameters of the model are obtained.
文摘Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliability was proposed to solve the problem of discrete system resources configuration in this paper. This algorithm used the particle-swarm optimization( PSO) to evaluate the tradeoffs configuration of the system resources between reliability and performance and proved the feasibility through the simulation.Finally, the information of resources configuration from optimization algorithm was used to effectively guide the system design so as to mitigate soft errors caused by single event effect( SEE).
