Observation points classifier ensemble for high-dimensional imbalanced classification

In this paper,an Observation Points Classifier Ensemble(OPCE)algorithm is proposed to deal with High-Dimensional Imbalanced Classification(HDIC)problems based on data processed using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling(MDS)feature extraction technique.First,dimensionality of the original imbalanced data is reduced using MDS so that distances between any two different samples are preserved as well as possible.Second,a novel OPCE algorithm is applied to classify imbalanced samples by placing optimised observation points in a low-dimensional data space.Third,optimization of the observation point mappings is carried out to obtain a reliable assessment of the unknown samples.Exhaustive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the feasibility,rationality,and effectiveness of the proposed OPCE algorithm using seven benchmark HDIC data sets.Experimental results show that(1)the OPCE algorithm can be trained faster on low-dimensional imbalanced data than on high-dimensional data;(2)the OPCE algorithm can correctly identify samples as the number of optimised observation points is increased;and(3)statistical analysis reveals that OPCE yields better HDIC performances on the selected data sets in comparison with eight other HDIC algorithms.This demonstrates that OPCE is a viable algorithm to deal with HDIC problems.

Clinical Observation on Intractable Insomnia Treated by Point Pressure in 42 Cases

The author have in recent years treated 42 cases of intractable insomnia (with a history of over 2 years) by point pressure, yielding quite satisfactory results when compared with those treated with clonazepam. This is reported as follows.……

A Fine-grained Building Height Control Method for Heritage Areas from the Perspective of Visual Integrity

This study proposes a refined methodology for controlling building heights in heritage areas.In order to protect the visual integrity of the heritage area,buildings should not obstruct the view from important site points and viewpoints to the periphery.By calculating the building height thresholds that buildings should not obscure the view from each viewpoint,the results of which are weighted and superimposed,and the values are extracted to each building unit as a refined building height control guideline.This study takes the Zhoukoudian area as a case study,applies the refined building height control criterion to the Zhoukoudian Site,and relies on this refined criterion to assess the visual integrity of the Zhoukoudian area,so as to realize the scientific planning and monitoring of the Zhoukoudian area.The refined building height control method can be applied to building height planning and visual landscape protection in large heritage areas.

A microphysical investigation of different convective cells during the precipitation event with sustained high-resolution observations

The growth and breakup processes of raindrops within a cloud influence the rain intensity and the sizes of raindrops on the surface.The Doppler velocity spectrum acquired by a vertically pointing radar(VPR)contains information on atmospheric turbulence and the size classification of falling hydrometeors.In this study,the four types of Convective Cells(CC)during precipitation events with more than 700 mm of precipitation in southern China are described.The characteristics of four types of CCs correspond to the isolated convection,the early stage,the mature stage,and the decline stage of organizational convection,in that order.Microphysical analysis using retrieval of vertical air motion(Vair)and raindrop evolution in clouds from Doppler velocity spectra collected by C-band VPR revealed the growth and breakup of falling raindrops with dynamic impact.Larger raindrops appear in the early stages and are accompanied by ice particles,which are impacted by the falling path᾽s downdraft.Raindrop aggregation,which is primarily related to the alternation of updraft and downdraft,accounts for the mature stage᾽s high efficiency of surface rainfall.The CCs in the decline stage originate from the shallow uplift in the weak and broad downdraft under conditions of enough water vapor.The updraft dominates the stage of isolated convection.Observations of convective cells could be more accurately represented in model evaluations.

A study of the pointed observation methods and sensitivity of HXMT

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope （HXMT） is an X-ray astronomy satellite consisting of three slat-collimated instruments, the High Energy X-ray Instrument （HE）, the Medium Energy X-ray Instrument （ME）, and the Low Energy X-ray Instrument （LE）. HXMT will carry out an all sky survey and make pointed observations in the 1-250 keV energy band. In order to get the source and background fluxes simultaneously in the pointed observations, two methods, i.e., the combined field of view （FOV） method and the off-axis pointing method are proposed in this paper. Comprehensive analyses of the sensitivities of the three instruments by using these two methods are presented, respectively. It is found that the off-axis pointing method has a higher sensitivity for HE and ME but a lower sensitivity for LE. Since the axes of the three instruments are aligned along the same direction, the off-axis pointing method is recommended as the main method in the pointed observation for HXMT; the combined FOV method can be used when LE is the most relevant instrument in order to satisfy the scientific objective of the observation.

Estimation of Parameters of Partially Linear Errors-in-variables Models with Replicated Net Points of Observation

A kind of partially linear errors-in-variables models with replicated net points of observation are studied in this paper. Estimators of unknown parameters are given. Under certain regular conditions, it is shown that the estimators of the unknown parameters are strongly consistent and their a.s. convergence rates are achieved.