The effect of high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the healthcare simulation standards of best practice

Background:High-fidelity simulation has been demonstrated to make great progress in learning.However,there is still ongoing exploration on how to fully harness the advantages of this teaching method and enhance its effectiveness.This study conducted high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice and evaluated its effect.Methods:The study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020.A total of 82 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Shanghai participated in the high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing.The simulation design scale,educational practices in simulation scale,and students’satisfaction and self-confidence were used to evaluate the effect.Results:The mean score of simulation design scale was 4.06±0.63 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 3.0.The mean score of educational practices in simulation scale was 4.14±0.56 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 4.0.The mean scores of students’satisfaction and self-confidence were 4.07±0.72 and 3.89±0.58,respectively.Conclusion:Students reported high levels of simulation design and educational practices in simulation.They were also satisfied with learning and reported high levels of self-confidence.Some key points need to be considered so that the learning effects might be optimized.

Overview of the South African mine health and safety standardization and regulation systems

Outlined the South African mine health and safety regulatory framework,in- cluding the roles of government,tripartite council,service agencies,mine enterprises, rescue stations and workers unions,analyzed the institutional structures of South African mine health and safety standardization,including the South African standard and specifi- cation systems and standard development processes,and characterized the South African mine health and safety standardization and regulation systems.Intended to provide some suggestions for the transformation and improvement of mine health and safety standardi- zation and regulation systems in China or in similar situations.

Practical Experience of Establishing German Standard Level 1 Perinatal Center in Chongqing Health Care for Women and Children

Germany,as a western developed country,has an advanced medical level,especially in the health care of very immature premature infants.We trace the medical history of perinatology to understand the development of perinatal centers in Germany.After analyzing the classification and function,hierarchical management and quality control systems of German perinatal centers,we established a German standard level 1 perinatal center in the Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children(CHCWC).During more than two years of practice,we changed concepts,continuously updated clinical knowledge and skills,developed a series o f high-quality work processes and supervision systems and introduced advanced medical equipment.We believe that the experience of establishing a German standard level 1 perinatal center and perinatal center network in Chongqing is worthy of being promoted to the Chinese maternal and child health care system.

Health effects and standard threshold shift among workers in a noisy working environment

Introduction: Working in a noisy environment is a risk for employee hearing health. Standard threshold shift (STS) can be used as a screening method to detect early indications of hearing deterioration. Objective: To investigate health effects related to STS in motor compressor workers. Methods: A cross sectional study of 464 motor compressor workers was conducted including hearing health examination by audiometer, and noise level in the workplace was monitored. Workers who reported having hobbies relating to noise, e.g. gun shooting, or a personal history of disease relating to the ear were excluded. The relationship between health effects and workers with STS was studied. Results: There were more men 81.90% (aged range 31-40 years old) than women working for the company. The average continuous noise level in the workplace was 84.14 ± 5.21 dB(A). The study showed that working at the factory for more than 14 years (OR= 3.84, 95%CI 1.54-9.56) and being exposed to noise at least 8 hours a day (OR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.02-4.40) effected to STS. Workers with STS showed significant communication difficulties (OR = 1.89, 95%CI = 1.03-3.49) and stress/nausea more than workers without STS (OR = 1.54, 95%CI = 0.90-2.65) although not statistically significant. Conclusions: Workers exposed to continuous noise in the motor compressor industry are at risk of STS. Duration of exposure to noise is a key factor in respect of harm to hearing health. STS could be used as a tool to screen workers who have hearing health problems.

Knowledge and Attitude of Nurse-Midwives Regarding Maternal Health Care Quality Standards in Two Regional Teaching and Referral Hospitals in Kenya

Introduction: Maternal mortality remains a major health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa and Kenya in particular. Providing quality maternal health care has the potential of preventing over 75% of maternal deaths. The quality of maternal health care requires the utilization of maternal health care quality standards. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the nurse-midwives knowledge and attitude toward the use of maternal health care quality standards. Methodology: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out at Embu and Meru teaching and referral hospitals in Kenya, between August and December 2021. Eighty-five nurse-midwives working in the maternity unit participated in the study. Data was collected using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Chi-square at Alpha level of 0.05 were used to test the relationship between the variables which were the nurse-midwives knowledge, attitude, and use of the quality standards. Result: Most (84.7%, n = 72) nurse-midwives were female and 44.7% (n = 38) were aged 20 - 29 years. Majority (64.7%, n = 55) were diploma holders and almost half (44.7%, n = 38) had practiced for 1 - 9 years. The average score for knowledge was 5.0 with 69.4% (n = 59) having a score of <7. Most nurse midwives (88.2%, n = 75) supported the use of the standards even though only 67.1% (n = 57) indicated that they use them. The support for the standards is significantly related to the gender of the respondents and their duration in maternity. There was no significant association between knowledge and use of maternal health care quality standards (X2 = 0.433, r = -0.085). There is no association between support for the standards and their use (X2 = 0.008). Knowledge and attitude toward the maternal health care quality standards are not significantly associated (X2 = 0.156). Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude of the nurse-midwife neither influence each other nor do they influence the use of maternal health care quality standards.

Health Facilities Readiness to Implement Standard Precautions for Infection Prevention and Control in Tanzania: Lesson Learnt from SARA Reports

Introduction: Standard Precautions are a set of measures applied in the care of all individuals/patients regardless of their infectious status aiming at preventing healthcare workers and patients from infections, preventing environmental contamination and spread of infections to the community. Many health facilities have not implemented them to an acceptable level. The purpose of the study is to report progress of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions for infection prevention and control based on SARA reports. Methods: We generated mean scores of all standard precautions each year and calculated their standard deviations, variances and confidence intervals. One-way ANOVA was used to determine if the mean scores were equal. Finally, the trend of improvement in health facilities readiness to implement the standard precautions was generated. Results: A total of nine standard precautions were reported in SARA reports for 2012, 2017 and 2020. The mean scores of the standard precautions were 52.22% in 2012, 64.55% in 2017 and 69.66% in 2020. The overall trend showed an increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions, although the mean scores were not statistically different (p-value 0.3217). Conclusion: SARA surveys conducted in Tanzania in 2012, 2017 and 2020 have shown an overall increase in health facilities readiness to implement standard precautions. Safe final waste disposal was being done in fewest facilities while single-use or auto-disable syringes were in most facilities that were sampled in all years. SARA surveys may be a useful way to evaluate Infection Prevention and Control adherence in health facilities.

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……

学校心理健康测评标准化研究

学校心理健康测评工作对于帮助学校了解学生的心理状况、制定教育计划以及提供必要的心理干预具有重要意义。文章阐述了学校心理健康测评工作背景,通过问卷调查分析了现状和目前存在的主要问题,构建了学校心理健康测评标准化体系,旨在促进学校心理健康测评标准化、规范化。

中国大健康产业统计分类与产业规模再测算

由于产业间深度融合,新业态、新模式持续涌现,健康产业的边界不断拓展,原有的健康产业统计分类已不能满足大健康产业的统计需要,官方统计也未测算出健康产业增加值,无法全面、及时反映大健康产业的发展状况。因此,文章首先在健康产业基础上从供给和需求角度界定并拓展大健康产业的内涵及外延;其次,在《健康产业统计分类(2019)》的基础上,基于国民经济核算理论,引入“大健康总产品”概念,聚焦“全生命周期”和“全人群”两个着力点,从全产业链产品供给及全口径人群健康需求两个视角探讨大健康产业统计分类标准,补充和完善大健康产业统计分类;最后,依据现有的投入产出表、经济普查及统计年鉴数据,计算各行业的大健康分离系数,据此推算我国大健康产业及健康服务业增加值。结果显示:2018年我国大健康产业增加值为10.27万亿元,其中健康服务业增加值为7.04万亿元,预测2020年、2030年健康服务业增加值分别为8.46万亿元、21.27万亿元,基本符合《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》对健康服务业发展规模的预期。

国家卫生健康行业标准《儿科输血指南》总体编制说明和解读

儿童与成人在生理生化和免疫功能等方面具有较大差异,因此,儿童与成人的血液成分输注策略存在显著区别。为了指导儿童患者的临床输血实践,国家卫生健康委员会组织制定和发布了卫生健康行业标准《儿科输血指南》(WS/T 795-2022)。本文在介绍有助于《指南》理解的若干标准化概念的基础上,对《指南》的编制过程,“范围”“总则”和“需考虑的因素”的编写给出总体说明和解读,希望对《指南》理解和贯彻实施有所助益。

《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》测试项目调整对学生测试成绩影响的实证研究——以小初衔接阶段学生为例

目的:探究《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》(以下简称“《标准》”)测试项目调整对学生成绩的影响,为《标准》测试项目优化发展提供理论参考与实践支持。方法:3000名小学六年级和初中一年级学生分别进行《标准》(小学六)和《标准》(初中一)测试(有效测试人数2870人),对比两次测试成绩差异。结果:(1)学生《标准》(小学六)非共性项目得分、总得分显著高于《标准》(初中一)非共性项目得分、总得分;(2)女生《标准》(初中一)非共性项目得分、总得分显著高于男生《标准》(初中一)非共性项目得分;(3)学生《标准》成绩在组别性别上存在交叉效应,男生得分的下降幅度高于女生。结论:(1)《标准》测试项目调整显著影响小初衔接阶段学生测试成绩;(2)《标准》测试项目调整后,男生成绩的下降幅度显著大于女生。为有效应对《标准》测试项目调整带来的影响,应统一男女《标准》非共性项目数量,同时降低男生《标准》非共性项目难度。

北京市地方标准《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》修订解读

目的旨在使卫生应急人员充分理解并掌握《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》(DB11/T 1291—2023)技术要点,最大限度减少职业暴露的发生。方法从适用范围、防护分级、防护用品选择、附录等方面解读修订标准与原标准内容的差异和修订原因。结果修订标准扩展了其适用范围;增加并细化不同等级防护用品的使用场景;新增一次性隔离衣、防护面罩、动力送风式空气呼吸器的使用要求,去掉长管空气呼吸器及相关要求、参考标准;新增防护用品使用注意事项;调整防护用品的穿脱顺序。结论北京市地方标准《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》的修订为卫生应急人员个体防护及传染病与职业暴露的防控提供参考。

关于“新课标”专项运动技能教学基本问题的探讨

《义务教育体育与健康课程标准(2022年版)》第一次明确提出专项运动技能内容。通过对专项运动技能概念的由来、运动技能与运动技术的关系、“新课标”专项运动技能的蕴含的分析,研究认为,基于核心素养的专项运动技能教学策略包括:提高对专项运动技能教学内容的价值认知;强化正规体育运动项目的课程化;实施基于理解的运动学习;根据不同运动特点进行科学合理教学;激发学生学习专项运动技能的内在动机。

滑坡在役防治工程缺陷分类和健康评价方法

为快速评估常见在役滑坡防治工程的运行状态并采取科学有效的维护手段,笔者在三峡库区、汶川震区和川东地区实地调查了160余处抗滑挡墙、抗滑桩和格构锚固工程,获取了上述三类滑坡防治工程表征损伤的第一手资料,总结分析了其变形破坏模式及特征,定义了滑坡防治工程缺陷的概念,定性地提出了缺陷程度分级标准。在统计分析滑坡防治工程损伤特征基础上,选取了墙身滑移距离、墙身沉陷位移、墙身倾斜程度、墙身裂缝密度、桩体倾斜程度、桩体剪切程度、桩体裂缝密度、格梁最大裂缝宽度、单根格构梁裂缝率和受损格构变形区比例等10个控制指标作为其缺陷分类指标,结合多元线性回归法,对单体工程结构进行综合量化评分评定,进而建立了半定量的滑坡防治工程健康评价方法。

基于岗位分析与工时测定的医院健康体检(管理)中心护士人力资源配置研究

目的:构建医院健康体检(管理)中心护士人力资源配置方法,为完善健康体检(管理)中心的规范化管理提供指导。方法:通过文献回顾,利用岗位分析和工时测定相结合的方法,梳理北京市某三甲综合医院体检中心主要8项护士岗位工作。其中不以流程作业方式运行的岗位包括护士长岗位、体检服务台、市场外联岗位;以流程作业方式运行的静脉采血、心电图等岗位,采用工时测定法计算该院健康体检中心2023年11月至2024年1月各岗位完成每次检查所需工时,并推算所需护士数。结果:结合岗位分析与工时测定,测算该院体检中心护士人力合理配置应为20人。结论:根据研究结果,该体检中心调整护士配置人数,有效提高了体检工作质量与人员工作效率,为其他医院健康体检(管理)中心护士人力资源合理配置提供了有益的借鉴,对推动健康体检规范化管理具有重要意义。

2019—2021年兰州市严重精神障碍患者管理治疗状况分析

目的:分析2019—2021年兰州市严重精神障碍患者管理治疗状况,为兰州市制定防治措施及精神卫生政策提供科学依据。方法:提取甘肃省严重精神障碍信息系统中2019—2021年兰州市严重精神障碍患者相关数据,并用Excel 2007进行统计分析。结果:甘肃省精神卫生监测信息系统显示2019—2021年兰州市在册严重精神障碍患者为11 310例、11 914例、12 295例,报告患病率为3.03‰、 3.19‰、 3.42‰,规范管理率为73.48%、 76.16%、 80.21%,患者面访率为72.25%、79.04%、81.53%,患者规律服药率为32.74%、43.76%、52.05%。结论:2019—2021年兰州市严重精神障碍患者报告患病率、规范管理率、患者面访率以及患者规律服药率均有提高,但报告患病率水平和患者规律服药率水平仍低于国家要求。严重精神障碍患者和家属的病耻感是导致报告患病率与规范管理率偏低的主要原因,而精神卫生资源分布的不均衡性导致远郊患者规律服药率偏低。

人工智能融入体育与健康跨学科主题教学的框架构建与推进策略

推动教育数字化转型已成为深化教育改革和实现教育现代化的必然选择。在推动教育数字化转型的过程中,人工智能是最重要的抓手之一。基于跨学科主题教学视角,人工智能以课程内容而非工具的角色融入体育与健康跨学科主题教学意义重大,其背景体现在:教育数字化转型呼吁人工智能融入体育与健康课程、体育与健康跨学科主题教学开展的应然期待、学生体育与健康学习智能化发展的必然趋势;构建人工智能融入体育与健康跨学科主题教学的内容框架,应体现在构建“人工智能+体育”的跨学科主题教学目标、搭建教学内容体系、推进教学设计和开展学习评价四个方面,并设计了“给运动插上智慧的翅膀”的具体案例;未来的推进策略:高度重视体育与健康教学的整体智能化转型、为人工智能融入体育与健康跨学科主题教学提供多方保障、提升体育教师将人工智能融入体育与健康跨学科主题教学的能力。

警察职业安全与健康风险因素分析评估及对策研究——基于风险管理标准建设

警察①是高风险职业,因公伤亡高发或罹患重大疾病源于警察职业特殊性,预防警察职业伤害发生,保证警察健康从警是公安工作高质量发展前提和基础。在明确危险源、危险和有害因素及其与风险因素本质联系基础上,对可能导致警察职业伤害的风险因素分类辨析,依据国家标准,从人、物、环境、管理不同维度,对警察职业安全与健康风险因素进行评估,基于LEC法结合警务特点,将警察职业伤害类型分为心理健康问题、生理性疾病和人身安全危险,确立取值标准并形成风险清单,提出风险管理流程和对策,为建立警察职业安全与健康风险管理标准提供理论支撑和实践指导。

全流程健康体检管理系统的设计与应用

目的解决体检管理系统信息孤岛问题,探索标准化、规范化的体检管理系统建设路径。方法健康体检管理系统设计依照体检业务检前、检中与检后流程设计,根据医院信息系统的医嘱字典定义体检检查项目名称与代码,利用主索引技术,通过医院集成平台直接从主数据的生产系统获取数据,实现临床数据与体检数据共享。结果该系统实现了体检者健康体检数据的互联互通及标准化管理,兼具终末管理及过程监督管理的需求。系统的应用有效降低了各体检套餐的开单耗时、缴费耗时与体检环节耗时,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);显著提升了体检医生满意度(P<0.001),符合体检中心人员对系统的期望值。结论该系统的设计与应用改进了现有健康管理服务模式,有利于系统向分院区辐射与推广。