Co-Occurring Plant Species of the West African Critically Endangered Aubregrinia taïensis Heine, in Côte d’Ivoire

The Upper Guinea Forest is subject to heavy deforestation. In this context, many endemic and/or rare plant species are threatened with extinction. This is the case of Aubregrinia taïensis (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Heine, a critically endangered Sapotaceae species, endemic to Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. After 3 years of investigation in and around the Tai National Park (TNP) in the West of Côte d’Ivoire, only one individual of this species was located and no sexual reproductive organs (fruits, seeds) were observed. Woody plant species around this individual were inventoried in order to know the species that can co-occur with Aubregrinia taïensis. For that a plot of 30 m of diameter was established around the individual and all of the woody species of this circle were inventoried. Then, the taxonomic diversity, the chorology of the species, the conservation status and their life-form were recorded. A total of 130 woody plant species belonging to 51 families were collected in the site. The most represented families are Euphorbiaceae (12 spp.), Rubiaceae (10 spp.), Annonaceae (7 spp.), Fabaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae (6 spp. each) while the most represented genera are Diospyros L. (4 spp.), Cola Schott & Endl. and Vitex L. (3 spp.). Species from the Guineo-Congolese Region (GC) are the most abundant (72%). They are followed by West African endemic species (GCW, 19%). Microphanerophytes (mp) are the most abundant and represent more than 40% of the species. Three vulnerable species were found in this plot: Campylospermum amplectens, Placodiscus boya and Trichoscypha cavalliensis. Thus, the preservation of this forest is more than necessary.

Evaluation of fault diagnosability for nonlinear uncertain systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously

Up to present,the problem of the evaluation of fault diagnosability for nonlinear systems has been investigated by many researchers.However,no attempt has been done to evaluate the diagnosability of multiple faults occurring simultaneously for nonlinear systems.This paper proposes a method based on differential geometry theories to solve this problem.Then the evaluation of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is achieved.To deal with the effect of control laws on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability,a design scheme of the evaluation of fault diagnosability is proposed.Then the influence of uncertainties on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is analyzed.The numerical simulation results are obtained to show the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation scheme of fault diagnosability.

Distributed Synchronization of Stochastic Complex Networks with Time-Varying Delays via Randomly Occurring Control

This paper studies the distributed synchronization control problem of a class of stochastic dynamical systems with time-varying delays and random noise via randomly occurring control. The activation of the distributed adaptive controller and the update of the control gain designed in this paper all happen randomly. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, LaSalle invariance principle, combined with the use of the properties of the matrix Kronecker product, stochastic differential equation theory and other related tools, by constructing the appropriate Lyapunov functional, the criterion for the distributed synchronization of this type of stochastic complex networks in mean square is obtained.

Diagnosis and management of arterioportal fistula occurring after percutaneous transhepatic portal vein cannula-assisted TIPS

To the Editor:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is usually considered the choice for managing complications of portal hypertension such as refractory ascites,esophagogastric variceal bleeding and recurrent bleeding uncontrolled with first line treatment.In recent years,TIPS has been successfully used to treat Budd-Chiari syndrome,hepatic hydrothorax,and portal vein thrombosis.

Moment tensor inversion and source rupture process of the September 27, 2003 M_S=7.9 earthquake occurred in the border area of China, Russia and Mongolia

We conducted moment tensor inversion and studied source rupture process for MS=7.9 earthquake occurred in the border area of China, Russia and Mongolia on September 27 2003, by using digital teleseismic P-wave seismo-grams recorded by long-period seismograph stations of the global seismic network. Considering the aftershock distribution and the tectonic settings around the epicentral area, we propose that the MS=7.9 earthquake occurred on a fault plane with the strike of 127°, the dip of 79° and the rake of 171°. The rupture process inversion result of MS=7.9 earthquake shows that the total rupture duration is about 37 s, the scalar moment tensor is M0=0.97×1020 N?m. Rupture mainly occurred on the shallow area with 110 km long and 30 km wide, the location in which the rupture initiated is not where the main rupture took place, and the area with slip greater than 0.5 m basically lies within 35 km deep middle-crust under the earth surface. The maximum static slip is 3.6 m. There are two distinct areas with slip larger than 2.0 m. We noticed that when the rupture propagated towards northwest and closed to the area around the MS=7.3 hypocenter, the slip decreased rapidly, which may indicate that the rupture process was stopped by barriers. The consistence of spatial distribution of slip on the fault plane with the distribution of after-shocks also supports that the rupture is a heterogeneous process owing to the presence of barriers.

Phase Transition and Critical Phenomenon Occurring in Granular Matter

We investigate the granular flow states in a channel with bottleneck by molecular dynamics simulations.Our study is restricted only on a selected key area rather than on the whole system to focus on the flow properties of a single granular state.A random force field is introduced to control the granular temperature.It is also pointed out that the flow rate in the granular flow can be correlated with the pressure,which leads us to carry out a comprehensive study similar to the classical study for general liquid-gas phase transition.Our results show that the dilute flow state and the dense flow state of the granules are similar to the gas state and the liquid state of general substances,respectively,and the properties of phase transition and critical phenomenon are also similar to those occurring in general substances.

An analysis of leading factors during Skeletonema costatum bloom occurring process in Shengshan sea area

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［BriefNews］：An Ms＝7．3 earthquake occurred in the southern psty of Taiwan straitAnMs＝7．3earthquakeoccurredinthesouthernpartoftheTaiwanStrait（22．6°N，118．7°E）at14h20min．，September16，1994．Thisisthelargestearthquakeinthesouth

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Distributed Synchronization of Coupled Time-Delay Neural Networks Based on Randomly Occurring Control

In this paper, the distributed synchronization of stochastic coupled neural networks with time-varying delay is concerned via randomly occurring control. We use two Bernoulli stochastic variables to describe the occurrence of distributed adaptive control and updating law according to certain probabilities. The distributed adaptive control and updating law for each vertex in the network depend on the state information on each vertex’s neighborhood. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, Itô differential equations, etc., by constructing the appropriate Lyapunov functional, we study and obtain sufficient conditions for the distributed synchronization of such networks in mean square.

Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition,Automobile Race,Good Events occurred successively to Zhuhai

Entering in the month of November,Zhuhai—the sea-side garden city was full of exitement and activity.Marlboro Zhuhai International Automobile Race and ’96 ChinaInternational Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition were closedon the 4th and 10th of November respectively.Guests fromvarious places of the world and over 1300 Chinese andforeign news reporters gathered in Zhuhai,and news bulletinswere released through various big medias.Automobile Race,Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition and the closely followedZhuhai International Movie Festival became Zhuhai’s acceler-ated velocity of advancing towards the world!It is said that starting from now and up to the year of2014,China will import 1320 aeroplanes with an amount of100 billion US dollars.Such a huge market is very seldomhappened in the world.President of Boeing Company,Chair-

happen、occur和take place的用法辨析

happen、occur 和 take place 为同义词,均可表示“发生”。在若干情况下,这三个词可以通过,但它们又各有特点,有些使用上的差异。1.happen:表示事情的发生存在一定的偶然性。What has happened?出什么事了?If anything happens,please let me know.不管发生什么事,都请通知我。How did the car accident happen?车祸是怎么发生的?2.

Combined use of retroperitoneal laparoscopy and bladder resectoscope to treat renal and ureteral tumor occurring at the same side of transplanted kidney (report of 5 cases)

To evaluate the operative characteristics and efficacy of retroperitoneoscopic resection of renal,ureter and partial bladder for the treatment of native renal pelvic and ureteral transitional cell cancer occurring at the same side of transplanted kidney.Methods In 5 cases of renal transplantation,there were 2 cases of right native renal pelvic cancer,1 case of right native renal pelvic and ureter cancer and 2 cases of right ureter cancer respectively.The transplanted kidney was in the same iliac fossa side of the tumor.All 5 patients were subjected to nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision by retroperitoneoscopic technique.Results Five operations were completed successfully.The operative time was 180 to 280 min,and the blood loss was 50 to 200 ml.The recovery of intestinal function after operation was 12 to 36 h.The urine output was 1 500 to 4 000 per day.Postoperative serum creatinine was still normal.The mean hospital stay after operation was 4.5 days.Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision is a good method to treat the native renal pelvic and ureteral transitional cell cancer occurring at the same side of transplanted kidney.The procedure is safe and less invasive,which provides a good protection of transplanted kidney.12 refs.

Accessory Breast Cancer Occurring Concurrently with Bilateral Primary Invasive Breast Carcinomas:A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

The development of accessory breast tissue,which is found anywhere along the milk line,is attributed to the failure of milk line remnants to regress during embryogenesis.Primary tumors may arise from any ectopic breast tissue.Accessory breast cancer occurring concurrently with primary invasive breast cancer is extremely rare.Two such cases were reported in this article.One was a 43-year-old Chinese female who exhibited bilateral breast cancer(invasive ductal carcinoma,not otherwise specified,IDC-NOS) and an accessory breast carcinoma(IDC-NOS) incidentally identified in her left axilla.The ectopic breast tissue in her right axilla presented with adenosis.The patient was surgically treated,followed by postoperative docetaxel epirubicin(TE) chemotherapy.The second case was a 53-year-old Chinese female with bilateral breast cancer(apocrine carcinoma) accompanied by an accessory breast carcinoma(IDC-NOS) in her right axilla that was also incidentally identified.The patient was surgically treated after three doses of cyclophosphamide epirubicin docetaxel(CET) neoadjuvant chemotherapy,followed by adjuvant chemotherapy of the same regimen.

积极心理学更智能:机器学习与自发生成数据集的新途径

本文探讨了积极心理学在计算智能快速发展时所面临的具体挑战,分析了机器学习和自发生成数据集在应对这些挑战时的巨大潜力。机器学习可从高维数据中提取与人类认知相关的非线性关系,成为研究人类认知和情感的新途径。自发生成数据集能更真实地反映人类行为和心理过程,为研究者提供高效的研究素材。这些新兴技术为积极心理学提供了全新视角,能更全面地认识人类行为和心理并推动文化差异性研究、理论更新和干预策略评估。未来研究需探索机器学习、自发生成数据集与积极心理学理论的结合,以深入理解人类行为和情感的多样性和复杂性。

肉鸽规模养殖多发病的诊断和防治

重点探讨了规模化肉鸽养殖过程中多发病的诊断和防治方法,并以鸽新城疫、鸽副伤寒、鸽毛滴虫病、鸽腺病毒病等为例,详细介绍了每种鸽病的病原体、症状、诊断和防治技术,为肉鸽养殖业的健康发展提供技术支撑。

海南岛冬季瓜菜寒害气象指标及发生规律研究

利用海南岛18个气象站的1971—2020年冬季(12月至翌年2月)气象数据和灾情资料,构建考虑阴雨寡照影响、能量化寒害过程影响程度且具备生物学特征的冬季瓜菜寒害气象指标。在此基础上结合Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和ArcGIS技术,得出海南岛冬季瓜菜寒害时空变化规律。结果表明:冬季各月及各月轻至重度瓜菜寒害发生概率较高的地区主要分布在海南岛西北部和中部,出现概率较低的地区主要分布在西部、南部、东部沿海一带。冬季各月瓜菜寒害均主要以轻、中度等级为主,二者占比高达88.3%。3个月中,1月瓜菜寒害发生次数最多(占比达48.6%),瓜菜轻至重度寒害亦均在1月出现最多(占比分别为50.2%、43.4%和40.2%)。近50年海南岛冬季各月瓜菜寒害年发生次数不显著减少的站点占多数(占比分别为83.3%、94.4%和72.2%),各月不同等级瓜菜寒害中除2月重度瓜菜寒害年发生次数呈增加趋势的站点较多(占比38.9%)外,其余等级瓜菜寒害年发生次数不显著减少的站点亦占多数(占比61.1%~88.9%)。冬季各月不同等级瓜菜寒害的影响范围均按寒害轻至重顺序明显缩小。3个月之间相比,12月和2月瓜菜寒害影响范围接近且明显小于1月,轻度和中度寒害影响范围月之间亦表现出类似规律,重度寒害影响范围12月和1月接近且明显大于2月。近50年海南岛冬季各月及各月所有等级瓜菜寒害影响范围均在缩小。总体而言,近50年海南岛冬季瓜菜寒害年发生次数减少、影响范围缩小,对海南岛冬季瓜菜种植有利。但2月东、中、西部地区瓜菜重度寒害年发生次数在增加,需加以关注。

基于“因加而发”探讨甲状腺结节“结癌转化”防治

甲状腺结节可归于中医学“瘿病”“瘿瘤”等范畴,其基本病机为正气虚损,邪毒瘀滞。究甲状腺结节结癌转化之变,实为本元亏虚的基础上,新邪惑乱诱发痰凝、气滞、血瘀、毒结等故邪作祟,结聚颈前,破坏正邪平衡,正气无力驱邪外出,久羁为患,变生癌浊,日久发为癌瘤。“因加而发”发病理论不仅包括多因素累加导致疾病发生,亦注重邪正交互的作用,与甲状腺结节的发生发展具有相同之处。在“因加而发”理论指导下,探讨中医“治未病”的优势,将甲状腺结节治疗窗口前移,攻邪于毒未鸱张亢盛之时,扶正于正气尚未衰败之际,延缓甲状腺结节癌变进程,为临床中西医结合防治甲状腺结节结癌转化提供思路。

基于不通则痛理论治疗膝骨关节炎的内涵及外延

膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)是一种常见且发病率极高的骨关节疾病,其病理改变往往导致关节软骨破坏以及骨质增生,临床上表现为膝关节疼痛、肿胀以及活动功能障碍。KOA的治疗原则以改善患者症状,恢复膝关节正常功能为主,其病理机制复杂多变,致病因素繁杂。不通则痛理论最早由明代医家李中梓提出,该理论是指由于各种病理因素导致人体气血经脉运行不畅,阻滞于关节、经络、脏腑而引发疼痛。中医学对不通则痛理论的认识有很长的历史源流,该理论已被多数学者所认同,同时也广泛的运用于临床中,具有很好的理论指导作用。治疗“不通”则应以“通”法论治,广义的“通法”是指祛除病邪,消除气血津液运行阻滞,协调脏腑功能的方法。以不通则痛理论为指导,应用“通”法治疗KOA可以有效缓解患者膝关节症状,阐明其作用机理。为KOA的治疗及其发病本质的认识提供理论基础。文章从“不通则痛”理论的内涵及现代科学研究层面探讨了KOA的发病机理和治疗方法,在理论上具有可行性,为KOA的临床治疗提供了理论依据。

芒硝基相变储能材料的研究进展

芒硝(Na_(2)SO_(4)·10H_(2)O)作为一种原料易得、储能密度大的无机水合盐类相变储能材料(Phase Change Materials,PCMs),拥有相变温度适中、储能高等优点,然而,过冷度大、相分层严重、易泄露和导热率低等问题限制了芒硝基PCMs的大规模应用。通过总结关于过冷和相分离问题的改性方法,归纳比较了各类封装的原理及效果,并概述了通过导热强化来提高芒硝基PCMs储放热效率的研究进展。最后,对该材料的实际应用现状进行阐述,并展望了其发展方向,为开发高稳定性、高效封装、高导热率芒硝基PCMs提供参考依据。