西洋参茎叶皂苷对脑缺血大鼠细胞凋亡及caspase-3表达的影响

目的:研究西洋参茎叶皂苷对大鼠局灶性脑缺血损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法:采用大鼠大脑中动脉内栓线阻断法制备局灶性脑缺血损伤模型,通过HE染色、TUNEL、免疫组化及RT-PCR等方法,观察西洋参茎叶皂苷对脑缺血损伤大鼠脑组织形态学改变,细胞凋亡及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶(caspase)-3mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果:西洋参茎叶皂苷(100、50mg/kg,ig)均可明显改善脑缺血损伤所致的大鼠脑组织病理形态学改变,抑制神经细胞凋亡,降低促凋亡基因caspase-3mRNA和caspase-3蛋白的表达。结论:西洋参茎叶皂苷对大鼠局灶性脑缺血损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与抑制caspase-3表达有关。

正交设计法优选盾叶薯蓣总皂苷的提取工艺

目的:确定盾叶薯蓣总皂苷的最佳提取工艺。方法:采用正交实验设计进行优选,对提取物进行盐酸水解、石油醚提取制备供试液。以薯蓣皂苷元作为对照品,采用比色法洲定含量。结果:优选提取工艺为:样品粗粒,乙醇浓度80%,溶剂用量8倍,提取次数2次(2 h,1 h)。结论:此工艺简单,适于工业化生产。

解淀粉芽孢杆菌固态发酵黄芪中有效成分的变化

运用解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵黄芪,研究发酵对黄芪有效成分含量的影响。将黄芪中添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌在37℃条件下发酵72 h培养,对照组为同等条件下黄芪固体培养基单独培养,利用紫外分光光度法测定两组黄芪多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷含量。结果表明,发酵组较不添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌对照组多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷含量分别提高了39.59%、41.59%、22.63%。因此,利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌在一定条件下发酵黄芪,可促进其有效成分释放。

正交设计喷雾干燥工艺制备麦冬皂苷肠溶微球

目的:探索喷雾干燥工艺制备麦冬皂苷肠溶微球的最优工艺参数。方法:以外观形态、包封率、收率等为指标,采用正交设计对喷雾干燥工艺参数进行优选。结果:最优工艺参数:进风温度90℃,加料速度10 mL.m in-1,雾化器转速50 r.m in-1。结论:麦冬皂苷肠溶微球质量符合预期要求;影响微球成型的主要因素为进风温度;喷雾干燥技术制备中药微球有利于工业化生产。

RP-HPLC法测定葫芦巴中葫芦巴皂苷B的含量

本文采用Kromasil C18（250×4.6 mm,5μm）,乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液（83：17）为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,DAD检测器,检测波长203 nm,对葫芦巴中葫芦巴皂苷B含量进行测定,能将葫芦巴皂苷B与杂质分开,葫芦巴皂苷B在1.60～11.20μg范围内峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好（R=0.99996）,样品的平均加样回收率为99.83%,RSD为1.47%（n=6）。该法测定样品快速准确,重现性好。

滇重楼皂苷部位HPLC指纹图谱的研究

[目的]建立滇重楼皂苷有效部位HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,研究不同产地滇重楼药材的质量。[方法]采用HPLC等度洗脱的方法进行色谱分离,使用"相似度评价软件"进行数据处理,对不同产地的滇重楼药材皂苷部位进行指纹图谱的研究。[结果]确立了滇重楼药材皂苷部位指纹图谱的高效液相分析条件,确定8个共有峰。不同产地的滇重楼药材皂苷部位指纹图谱有一定差异。[结论]采用HPLC法制定滇重楼药材皂苷部位的指纹图谱,其皂苷类成分得到较好的分离,方法重现性好,可用于滇重楼的质量评价。

奥克梯隆型皂苷的研究概况

本文对近年来奥克梯隆型皂苷在人参属植物中的分布及波谱特征、提取分离和半合成、药代动力学和药理活性进行了综述。

Research progress on naturally-occurring and semi-synthetic ocotillol-type ginsenosides in the genus Panax L.(Araliaceae)

Ocotillol(OT)-type ginsenosides,one subtype of ginsenosides,consist of a dammarane skeleton and a tetrahydrofuran ring.Most naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides exist in Panax species,particularly in Panax quinquefolius,which may be attributed to the warm and humid climate of its native areas.Till now,merely 28 types of naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides have been isolated.In contrast,semi-synthesized OT-type ginsenosides are attracted considerable attentions.These ginsenosides can be obtained through oxidation and cyclization of side chains of dammarane-type ginsenosides,and other methods,which may change their physical and chemical properties and further improve their bioavailabilities.It is also notable that the pharmacological activities of ginsenosides are closely related to the stereoisomers caused by the configuration at C-20.Semi-synthesis of OT-type ginsenosides can facilitate our understanding of the biosynthesis,transformation and metabolism of OT-type ginsenosides in the body.This review will systematically summarize the research progress on naturally-occurring and semi-synthetic OT-type ginsenosides,which provides a theoretical basis for their bioactivity-guided research.

Studies of Molecular Motions of Ocotillol-Type Saponins in Solution by ^(13)C Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation

In this paper, the fully anisotropicoverall tumbling motions and side groups internal rotation of ocotillol-type saponins separated from the leaves of Panax Quidquefolium L. are investigated by ^(13)C nuclear magnetic relaxation. The fully anisotropic overall tumbling motion model with methyl conformation jumps internal rotation among three equivalent sites is presented, and the spectral density function of this model is derived. The rotation rates for overall tumbling motions to ocotillol-type saponins (OTS) are computed by Woessner's fully anisotropic overall tumbling motion model, and the internal rotation rate and barrier for side groups in OTS are calculated using free diffusion internal rotation model, restriction diffusion internal rotation model and conformation jumps internal rotation model, respectively.