Structure of Hamiltonian Matrix and the Shape of Eigenfunctions：Nuclear Octupole Deformation Model

The structure of a Hamiltonian matrix for a quantum chaotic system, the nuclear octupole deformationmodel, has been discussed in detail. The distribution of the eigenfunctions of this system expanded by the eigenstates ofa quantum integrable system is studied with the help ofgeneralized Brillouin-Wigner pcrturbation theory. The resultsshow that a significant randomness in this distribution can be observed when its classical counterpart is under the strongchaotic condition. The averaged shape of the eigenfunctions fits with the Gaussian distribution only when the effects ofthe symmetry have been removed.

The effects of deformation parameters and cooling rates on the aging behavior of AZ80+0.4%Ce

The extruded AZ80+0.4%Ce magnesium alloy was twisted in the temperature range of 300-380℃by using a Gleeble 3500 thermal simulation test machine with a torsion unit.The deformed cylindrical specimens were cooled at a cooling rate of 10℃/s or 0.1℃/s,respectively,and aged at 170℃.The microstructure analysis results showed that the grain size decreased with increasing specimen radial position from center(SRPC),and that the strong initial basal texture of the extruded magnesium alloy was weakened.Both continuous and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization mechanisms were involved in contributing to the grain refinement for all specimens investigated.And a novel extension twinning induced dynamic recrystallization mechanism was proposed for specimen deformed at 300℃.For the specimens deformed at 300℃and 340℃followed by a slow cooling rate(0.1℃/s),precipitates of various shapes(β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)),with the dominant precipitates being on the grains boundaries,appeared on the surface section.For specimen deformed at 380℃,lamellar precipitates(LPS)in the interiors of the grains were predominant.After aging,the LPS still dominated for specimens twisted at 380℃;however,the LPS gradually decreased with decreasing deformation temperatures from 380℃to 300℃.Dynamically precipitatedβ,especially those decorating the grain boundaries,changed the competition pictures for the LPS and precipitates of other shapes after aging.Interestingly,LPS dominated the areas for the center section of the specimens after aging regardless of deformation temperatures.Low temperature deformation with high SRPC followed by rapid cooling rate increased the micro hardness of the alloy after aging due to refined grain,reduced precipitates size,decreased lamellar spacing as well as strain hardening.

Octupole deformation for Ba isotopes in a reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach

The potential energy surfaces of even-even 142-156Ba are investigated in the constrained reflectionasymmetric relativistic mean-field approach with parameter set PK1. It is shown that for the ground states, 142Ba is near spherical,156Ba well quadrupole-deformed, and in between 144-154Ba octupole deformed. In particular, the nuclei 148,150Ba with N=92, 94 have the largest octupole deformations. By including the octupole degree of freedom, energy gaps N = 88, N = 94 and Z = 56 near Fermi surfaces for the singleparticle levels in 148Ba with β2 ～ 0.26 and β3 ～ 0.17 are found. Furthermore, the performance of the octupole deformation driving pairs （ν2f7/2, ν1i13/2） and （π2d5/2, π1h11/2） is demonstrated by analyzing the singleparticle levels near Fermi surfaces in 148Ba.

Influence of angular momentum in axially symmetric potentials with octupole deformation

The chaotic classical single-particle motion in an oblate octupole deformed potential with a nonzero z-component of angular momentum Lz is investigated. The stability analysis of the trajectories shows that with increasing rotation of the system, the unstable negative curvature regions of the effective potential surface decrease, which converts the chaotic motion of the system into a regular one.

On the calibration and verification of Voronoi-based discontinuous deformation analysis for modeling rock fracture

Since its introduction,discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)has been widely used in different areas of rock mechanics.By dividing large blocks into subblocks and introducing artificial joints,DDA can be applied to rock fracture simulation.However,parameter calibration,a fundamental issue in discontinuum methods,has not received enough attention in DDA.In this study,the parameter calibration of DDA for intact rock is carefully studied.To this end,a subblock DDA with Voronoi tessellation is presented first.Then,a modified contact constitutive law is introduced,in which the tensile and shear meso-strengths are modified to be independent of the bond lengths.This improvement can prevent the unjustified preferential failure of short edges.A method for imposing confining pressure is also introduced.Thereafter,sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the influence of the calculated parameters and meso-parameters on the mechanical properties of modeled rock.Based on the sensitivity analysis,a unified calibration procedure is suggested for both cases with and without confining pressure.Finally,the calibration procedure is applied to two examples,including a biaxial compression test.The results show that the proposed Voronoi-based DDA can simulate rock fracture with and without confining pressure very well after careful parameter calibration.

Deformation warning index for reinforced concrete dam based on structural health monitoring data and numerical simulation

The material mechanical parameters of the dam body and foundation will change when a dam is reinforced during the aging process.This causes significant changes in the structural state of the project and makes it difficult to ensure its structural safety.In this study,a new deformation warning index for reinforced concrete dams was developed according to the prototype monitoring data,statistical models,three-dimensional finite element model(FEM)numerical simulation,and the critical conditions of the dam structure.A statistical model was established to separate the water pressure component.Then,a three-dimensional FEM of the reinforced concrete dam was constructed to simulate the water pressure component.Furthermore,the deformation components that affected the mechanical parameters of the dam under the same amount of reservoir water level change were separated and quantified accurately.In addition,the method for inversion of comprehensive mechanical parameters after dam reinforcement was used.The influence mechanisms of the deformation behavior of concrete dams under the reservoir water level and temperature changes were investigated.A new deformation warning index was developed by combining the forward-simulated critical water pressure component and temperature component in the period of extreme temperature decrease with the aging component separated by the statistical model.The new deformation warning index considers the structural state of the dam before and after reinforcement and links the structural strength criterion and the deformation evolution mechanisms.It provides a theoretical foundation and decision support for long-term service and operation management of reinforced dams.

2023年12月18日甘肃积石山6.2级地震震源参数和破裂特征

2023年12月18日23时59分(北京时间)甘肃积石山发生6.2地震。中国地震局地球物理研究所在震后启动快速响应,组织相关领域研究人员对此次地震的震源参数、震源机制、破裂过程和地震辐射能量等进行了估计,余震序列进行了重定位,基于震源模型进行了震动图模拟、同震形变场模拟。结果表明,此次地震发生在拉脊山东侧,以逆冲机制为主,能量集中在前约8 s内释放;极震区震动烈度可能达Ⅷ度以上,可能的受灾范围近6 000 km~2;此次地震引起了显著的同震位移,最大水平向位移达到7.8 cm、垂直向位移达到15.8 cm。

航空齿轮薄辐板车削加工变形预测及切削参数优化研究

为了满足直升机传动系统轻量化的需求,作为直升机关键零部件的传动齿轮具有薄壁的显著特征,在切削加工中容易出现变形严重和尺寸精度难以保证的问题。本文以高强度中合金渗碳钢齿轮薄辐板为研究对象,基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件,开展了切削加工仿真研究,通过建立三维动态切削仿真模型,分析了加工过程中工件所受的切削力与切削参数之间的关系;并运用静态仿真分析了切削力和夹紧力叠加对薄辐板加工变形的影响,对仿真结果进行了极差分析。最后,通过开展试验对仿真结果进行了验证。结果表明:齿轮薄辐板加工变形量静力学分析显示齿轮辐板轴向变形量最大,径向变形在轮毂处最大;极差分析发现,切削速度为150 m/min、进给量为0.06 mm/r、切削深度为1.8 mm为最优切削参数,最大变形量的预测误差小于10%。

考虑土体剪切与接头剪切效应的盾构隧道纵向变形计算模型

针对紧接盾构隧道或盾构穿切桩基工程中附加外力作用下的盾构隧道纵向非均匀变形和受力问题,利用计算解析方法,将盾构隧道视为置于Pasternak双参数地基上的铁摩辛柯梁,同时引入修正等效连续化模型和传递矩阵法,提出一种新的盾构隧道纵向变形计算模型,并采用室内模型试验的方法进行验证。结果表明:模型试验中,在集中荷载与围压共同作用下,整个隧道处于弹性变形阶段,各环管片收敛变形、拱顶和拱底竖向位移、环缝错台量均随集中荷载的增加而近似线性增大,并以集中荷载为中心沿纵向呈对称分布,变形趋势与计算结果相同,且2种方法下环缝错台量最大相对误差仅为8.75%;2种方法得到的结果在分布特征和量值上基本一致,验证了计算模型的可行性。该计算模型能够反映土弹簧间的剪切作用、收敛变形对隧道纵向变形刚度的影响及接头的非连续性,可对盾构隧道纵向变形和内力进行预测分析,并为紧接盾构隧道工程中既有盾构隧道的安全评估提供理论指导。

N36锆合金背压多向压缩变形行为模拟

采用有限元模拟方法对不同背压力和背压距离的N36锆合金背压多向压缩变形行为开展了研究,分析了背压作用对金属流变过程与损伤行为的影响规律。结果表明,单次压缩会产生4个变形区域。一道次背压多向压缩变形后,金属变形历史的差异引起了试样等效应变的不均匀累积。施加背压力能增加试样累积应变和大变形区体积占比、改善小变形区变形不足问题,并提高试件变形均匀性。同时,增大背压力、减小背压距离有利于增加累积应变量、提高应变均匀性、减小损伤层厚度、降低损伤区域体积占比。当背压力为100 kN、背压距离为5 mm时,试样累积应变升至4.05、大变形区体积占比升至0.87,试样损伤层厚度和损伤区域体积占比分别为2.74 mm和2%,与无背压条件相比,试样变形均匀性得到明显改善,损伤层厚度显著降低,材料利用率得到充分提升。

高填方大直径钢波纹管涵变形机制与控制技术研究

目的 研究高填方大直径钢波纹管涵变形机制与控制技术,解决其结构变形过大的问题。方法 基于管道压缩变形公式,提出在管涵两侧一定范围内填筑水泥土材料的新技术;通过室内试验确定水泥土材料中最优水泥质量分数,再基于数值模拟和现场试验分析采用新技术施工的管涵结构的受力及变形特征及其上部竖向土压力分布规律,确定最优管侧填筑范围。结果 新填筑技术能充分利用水泥土的刚度限制管涵的变形,当管涵两侧2/3管径范围内采用水泥质量分数为8%水泥土回填时,管涵的最大竖向及水平变形分别减少了35.1%和55.0%,结构最大应力也由管顶处转移至管涵上部45°附近,受力更为合理。结论 新填筑技术使管涵更好地与周围土体逐步变形协调,产生荷载重分布形成土拱效应,将管顶土压力由管中心向管边缘处转移,有效减小了钢波纹管涵结构变形和应力集中。

基于混合物理论的饱和孔隙-裂隙岩体本构模型

考虑饱和孔隙-裂隙岩体中固相材料应变与固相材料压力间的关系,完善模型力学参数的取值理论依据,建立新的本构模型.在混合物理论框架内,依据变形特征将固相体应变分解为裂隙骨架体应变、孔隙骨架体应变、岩块材料体应变.假定应变仅取决于能量方程中的共轭应力,基于自由能势函数构建饱和孔隙-裂隙岩体本构模型,根据模型力学含义推导模型力学参数取值方法.结合达西定律建立流固耦合控制方程.一维固结算例分析表明,相比其他方法确定的参数,所提方法确定参数计算的初始超孔压偏低、初始沉降偏大,孔隙超孔压消散滞后于裂隙超孔压.参数敏感性分析表明,增大渗透系数比会显著提高岩体固结速率,增大形状系数对裂隙超孔压消散和岩体沉降影响较小.

M-CM-GA-BP算法的地表移动变形参数预测模型

针对复杂的开采沉陷预测问题,研究22个工作面采动地表移动变形参数变化规律,提出了一种基于M-CM-GA-BP算法求取地表移动变形参数的预测模型。通过线性加权组合预测方法和遗传算法优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值,融合多元回归模型来提高地表移动变形参数的求取精度,以地表下沉系数q为例,将该模型与其他预测模型预测性能进行对比分析,验证模型的准确性。结果表明,该模型能够有效地提高地表移动变形参数的预测精度,模型的平均相对误差为1.294、均方根误差为0.013,为地表移动变形参数预测提供了一种可行方法。

块裂隧道围岩等效岩体变形参数研究

采用Voronoi离散单元方法建立块裂岩体隧道的随机DEM数值模型,通过大量随机数值计算结果验证采用岩体等效变形参数预测隧道收敛变形的可行性。在规则裂隙岩体等效变形参数计算方法的基础上,针对数值模拟揭示的深埋隧道变形特征提出改进的修正计算公式及相应的特征参数。通过与既有解答以及大量随机数值计算结果的对比和统计分析验证修正解的合理性,修正解较为合理改善既有规则裂隙岩体等效变形参数计算方法在反映随机块裂岩体在隧道卸荷条件下变形估算的较大误差。采用修正计算方法得到的岩体等效变形参数可以很好地预测随机块裂岩体中隧道开挖后收敛变形的数学期望值。提出的修正计算方法对当前深部岩体变形参数研究和隧道洞壁收敛位移的估算具有一定的参考价值。

基于升降轨SAR数据的地下核爆参数反演与3D形变监测方法

以朝鲜第6次地下核试验为例,基于升降轨ALOS-2 SAR数据,首先利用D-InSAR技术获取核试验场的视线向形变,以此为基础,基于贝叶斯反演方法确定核爆参数,然后引入POT技术测量核试验场方位向和距离向形变,最后,融合D-InSAR与POT结果计算核试验地表三维形变场.研究发现,核爆位于朝鲜丰溪里试验场万塔山下,其坐标为东经129.0792°,北纬41.3026°,深度约为550 m,核爆导致发生水平方向位移约3 m,垂直方向位移约1 m.结果表明天基SAR遥感技术,特别是长波段SAR,在地下核试验监测中具有重要的应用价值,可为地下核试验监测提供新思路.

2024年1月23日新疆阿克苏地区乌什7.1级地震的快速产出参数

2024年1月23日02时09分(北京时间)新疆阿克苏地区乌什县发生M_(S)7.1地震。中国地震局地球物理研究所在震后启动快速响应,组织相关领域研究人员对此次地震的震源参数、地震辐射能量等进行了估计,并对余震序列进行了重定位,同时基于震源模型进行了震动图模拟、同震形变场模拟。结果表明,此次地震发生在天山山脉内,以逆冲机制为主,能量集中在前约25 s内释放;极震区震动烈度可能达Ⅸ度以上,可能的受灾范围近65000 km^(2);此次地震引起了显著的同震位移,最大水平向位移达到21 cm、垂直向位移达到38 cm。

基于多尺度加载试验的沥青路面结构参数设计方法

基于江苏省典型路面结构,通过改变试件尺寸、温度和荷载作用次数对SMA-13、SUP-20和SUP-253种材料开展动态模量和蠕变试验。将结果耦合到修正的Burgers模型并在ABAQUS中开发用户材料子程序模型。对室内单轴试验分别采用应变硬化和子程序模型进行模拟、对小型和大型路面加载试验分别进行车辙模拟。结果表明3种材料的动态模量随试件尺寸增加而增大、温度升高而减小;SUP-25的疲劳损伤效应最为明显,在重复加载5400次后损伤值达到了0.419。子程序模拟单轴试验的误差小于应变硬化模型、车辙模拟与小型和大型加载测试结果的误差分别为3.08%和2.83%,说明模型在单层及多层复合材料的应用中都是有效的。模拟表明夏季高温100万次加载的变形量为春季常温的1.8倍;行车速度由22 km/h增加至120 km/h时,变形量减少72.6%;轴载增加100%,车辙深度增加48.52%,表明在高温地区低速路段要尤其限制车辆超载。累计标准轴载作用次数超过2500万次,车辙变形进入加速累积阶段,须及时对该路面结构进行养护维修。

15CrMoG耐热钢高温变形行为及Arrhenius本构模型

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对15CrMoG耐热钢进行了变形温度为1173.15~1473.15 K,应变速率为5~20 s^(-1)的高温压缩实验。实验数据表明,15CrMoG具有负的温度敏感性和正的应变速率敏感性,且再结晶晶粒尺寸随变形温度的升高而明显增加。通过线性拟合求解出Arrhenius本构模型的材料参数,建立了基于峰值应力的表征参数和物理基参数本构模型。表征参数本构模型对峰值应力的预测值与实验数据的皮尔森相关系数为0.99824,物理基参数本构模型对峰值应力的预测值与实验数据的皮尔森相关系数为0.99807。为进一步提升本构模型的适用性,建立了考虑应变补偿的Arrhenius本构模型,实现了对整个应变范围内流动应力的预测。在整个应变范围内,对模型进行了误差分析,表征参数本构模型的最大相对误差为3.76%,物理基参数本构模型最大相对误差为6.04%。

超高沥青混凝土心墙坝砂板岩堆石料试验研究

开展了超高沥青混凝土心墙坝砂板岩堆石混合料的试验研究。研究结果表明:随板岩含量的提升和孔隙率的增大,应力应变曲线软化特性趋弱硬化特性增强、剪切峰值降低,剪切过程中的体变增大且剪胀现象减弱,相应的线性强度c,φ和非线性强度指标φ_(0),Δφ均降低,邓肯模型参数K与Kb减小;建立了同时可反映孔隙率、板岩含量的强度指标及邓肯模型参数经验公式,能较高精度地预测不同板岩含量、不同孔隙率砂板岩堆石混合料的工程力学特性;板岩含量是影响渗透性能的重要因素,随板岩含量的提升渗透系数降低,工程建设中对于含板岩的堆石料应关注排水设计。

圆弧型指尖密封径向极限变形量的计算方法研究

指尖密封是一种允许产生径向变形的接触式密封技术,径向极限变形制约着其使用工况要求。为揭示圆弧型指尖密封结构对径向极限变形的影响规律,构建了指尖密封径向极限变形量的数学计算模型,并与有限元分析结果进行了对比,研究了结构参数的影响。研究表明:数学计算模型计算结果与有限元分析结果误差为4.88%;指尖密封径向极限变形量随指梁间隙、指梁根圆直径、指梁型线圆弧半径等结构参数的增加而增加;随周向角、指梁顶圆直径、指梁基圆半径等结构参数的增加而减小;结构参数影响程度由大到小依次为:指梁间隙、周向角、指梁根圆和指梁顶圆、指梁基圆、指梁型线圆;其中,指梁根圆和指梁顶圆的影响需要根据具体结构尺寸来确定;指梁间隙影响程度最大,指梁间隙每增加1 mm,小尺寸指尖密封径向极限变形量就会增加10.005 mm,大尺寸的就会增加9.03 mm。