凝胶渗透色谱法测定辛基酚醛增粘树脂相对分子质量及其分布

采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法测定辛基酚醛增粘树脂相对分子质量及其分布,并研究辛基酚醛增粘树脂相对分子质量对其软化点和增粘效果的影响。确定的测试条件为:流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),柱温40℃,试样溶液质量浓度(2±0.2) mg·mL^(-1);辛基酚醛增粘树脂的软化点和增粘效果随着其相对分子质量的增大而提高。

人参皂苷辛酸酯通过内质网应激诱导肝癌细胞免疫原性细胞死亡的机制研究

目的:探讨人参皂苷辛酸酯(Rh2-O)能否诱导Huh-7肝癌细胞免疫原性细胞死亡及可能机制。方法:体外培养Huh-7细胞,设置空白对照组、Rh2-O药物组及阳性对照组(米托蒽醌处理),CCK-8、流式细胞术分别检测细胞活力和凋亡,ELISA及化学发光法分别检测细胞上清高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量,免疫荧光法检测细胞钙网蛋白(CRT)的膜外翻,荧光探针DCFH-DA检测细胞内ROS水平,Western blot检测细胞内质网应激信号通路相关蛋白表达。结果:Rh2-O可显著降低细胞活力,促进细胞凋亡,诱导细胞HMGB1分泌、ATP释放及CRT膜外翻,使细胞内蓄积大量ROS,提高内质网应激信号通路相关蛋白PERK、eIF2α、p-eIF2α表达(均P<0.05)。内质网应激抑制剂4-苯基丁酸(4-PBA)预处理可显著减弱Rh2-O诱导的CRT膜外翻(P<0.05)。结论:Rh2-O可诱导肝癌细胞发生免疫原性细胞死亡,其机制可能与Rh2-O激活内质网应激促进细胞CRT膜外翻有关。

氟碳铈矿还原焙烧相变及浮选行为研究

白云鄂博矿选铁过程中常使用还原焙烧方法,焙烧过程中稀土矿物会发生物相转变,并对其浮选行为产生影响。通过XRD分析测试、SEM-EDS测试、浮选试验、接触角测试、Zeta电位测试、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析等手段研究了氟碳铈矿经过400、450、500、550℃焙烧后的物相变化,以及在两种捕收剂辛基羟肟酸(OHA)和二乙基己基磷酸酯(2ZHP)作用下对氟碳铈矿和500℃焙烧氟碳铈矿浮选行为的影响。XRD和SEM-EDS测试结果表明,450℃焙烧氟碳铈矿为REFCO_(3),500℃焙烧氟碳铈矿部分分解为RE_(3)O_(4)F_(3),550℃焙烧氟碳铈矿时彻底转变为新物质RE_(3)O_(4)F_(3)。捕收剂OHA对500℃焙烧氟碳铈矿生成的新物质RE_(3)O_(4)F_(3)浮选效果较差,2ZHP对氟碳铈矿REFCO_(3)和500℃氟碳铈矿焙烧产物RE_(3)O_(4)F_(3)的捕收能力相当。接触角测试表明,2ZHP更能够强化氟碳铈矿和500℃焙烧氟碳铈矿的表面疏水性,Zeta电位测试表明,相比较OHA而言,2ZHP能更有效地在焙烧后的氟碳铈矿表面吸附。XPS测试表明,OHA和2ZHP通过在矿物表面吸附起到捕收作用,2ZHP在焙烧后的氟碳铈矿表面吸附量更大,2ZHP也更适合用于焙烧后的氟碳铈矿的浮选。

烷基葡萄糖苷的制备及应用

传统表面活性剂以石油基为原料,原料不可再生、生物降解率低,且对皮肤刺激性强、危害人体健康。针对以上问题,本文以可再生的葡萄糖为亲水基团,脂肪醇为疏水基团,通过Helferich法合成出一种绿色温和的非离子表面活性剂(APG-08),通过核磁共振氢谱(H^(1)NMR)和碳谱(C^(13)NMR)对其结构进行表征,并对综合性能进行评价。结果表明:APG-08具有优异的表面张力、泡沫性能和较好的乳化性能;当其质量分数为1%,表面张力值为30.61mN·m^(2),发泡量为10.0mL,且在10min之内能保持泡沫体积不变。将APG-08加入到润肤乳液的配方中,并进行了一系列性能测试,符合GB/T29665-2013的相关规格要求。说明研制的非离子表面活性剂APG-08能够很好地满足化妆品用表面活性剂的要求。

紫外-可见分光光度法测定没食子酸辛酯含量的不确定度评定

研究旨在建立紫外-可见分光光度法测定没食子酸辛酯含量的不确定度评定方法。利用紫外-可见分光光度法,构建没食子酸辛酯含量测定的数学模型,研究和量化不确定度来源,计算合成标准测量不确定度,给出扩展不确定度,得到不确定度报告。结果显示没食子酸辛酯含量为100.07%,标准不确定度为0.59%,扩展不确定度为1.18%,测量结果表示为(100.07%±1.18%),k=2。没食子酸辛酯含量测定的不确定度主要来源为吸光度的测定、供试品的称量、稀释体积以及测量重复性,要对仪器进行定期检定、维护和保养,实验过程中选用精度高且经过校准的玻璃量器,以降低测量误差。本次研究所建立的不确定度评定方法科学、完整、可靠,可为同法测定的不确定度评定提供参考,同时,也为有效控制没食子酸辛酯含量测定方法的准确性提供依据。

Production of octyl levulinate biolubricant over modified H-ZSM-5:Optimization by response surface methodology

The present study highlighted the use of modified H-ZSM-5 （Meso-HZ-5） as heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of octyl levulinate biolubricant by catalytic esterification of biomass derived renewable levulinic acid （LA） with n-octanol. The process variables such as catalyst loading （X1）, n-octanol to LA molar ratio （X2） and reaction temperature （X3） were optimized through response surface methodology （RSM）, using Box-Behnken model. Analysis of variance was performed to determine the adequacy and significance of the quadratic model. The yield of octyl levulinate was obtained to be 99% at optimum process parameters. The developed quadratic model was found to be adequate and statistically accurate with correlation value （R2） of 0.9971 to predict the yield of octyl levulinate biolubricant. The study was also extended on the validation of theoretical and experimental data, including catalyst reusability.

Synthesis and Characterization of 2-cetyl-3-20 keto acid(N-ethyl perfluorinated octyl sulfonamide) N-ethyl ester

2-Cetyl-3-20 keto acid（N-ethyl perfluorinated octyl sulfonamide） N-ethyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorinated octyl sulfonamide and alky ketene dimer. The experimental results show that the yield of products can be 89% when the molar ratio of perfluorinated octyl sulfonamide to ketene dimer is 1 ： 1.1 and the reaction lasts about four hours at 80 ℃. The structure of the product was characterized by FTIR and ^1HNMR. The product can dissolve in polar solvents such as NMP, DMAC, THF, DMSO, CHCl3, and 10% weight-loss temperature measured by TGA is 202℃.

Flotation mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

Bauxite resources are widely spread in the earth. However, the effective utilization of this mineral is still under infant. The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid. It has three main drawbacks which are highly insoluble, large dosages in bauxite flotation, and low selectivity, which hinder its application in industry. In this research, octylic hydroxamic acid was synthesized, and its collecting ability toward two major minerals in bauxite-diaspore and kaolinite was investigated. The collecting power of various reagents for diaspore are shown as follows: oleic acid<octylic hydroxamic acid; while the collecting power for kaolinite was like this: octylic hydroxamic acid<oleic acid. It is shown that octylic hydroxamic acid has the capability of high collectivity and good selectivity. The optimum pH was determined to be 8 9. Zeta potential test revealed that the anionic collectors-octylic hydroxamic acid and oleic acid had been adsorbed on the surface of diaspore and kaolinite, meanwhile the adsorption for diaspore was more remarkable. By the adsorptive capability and IR tests, the adsorption of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore was determined to be a process of chemical absorption, which was greater than that of oleic acid.

Extraction Separation of Scandium，Iron and Lutetium with Isopropyl Phosphonic Acid Mono（1－hexyl－4－ethyl）OctylEster

The extraction and stripping of scandium from its sulfate solutions by isopropyl phosphonic acid mono (1-hexyl-4-ethyl) octyl ester (PT-2, HL) diluted with n-hexane are reported. A high efficiency of separation between scandium, iron and lutetium can be achieved by controlling aqueous acidity. Different mechanisms of Sc3+ with PT-2 in various acid range have been proposed.At lower aqueous acidity, it is a cation exchange reaction, while at higher acidity. a solvation reaction was ascertained. Its IR and NMR spectra have been discussed. The effect of temperature on extraction of Sc3+ was observed and thermodynamic functions were calculated.

Extraction of Zr(IV) from hydrochloric acid with tri-octyl amine and Cyanex 921 in kerosene

This article reports the extraction of zirconium （IV） from aqueous HC1 solution by tri-octyl amine （TOA）, Cyanex 921, and their binary mixture using kerosene as the diluent. The effect of some parameters on the extraction of Zr（IV） was investigated such as equilibration time, aqueous phase acidity, extractant molarity, chloride ion concentration, nature of diluents, and temperature. The extraction of Zr（IV） was found to be 99% from 7.5 M HC1 using the mixture of extractants containing 0.1 M TOA and 0.02 M Cyanex 921 in kerosene. Kerosene was found to be the effective diluent for the extraction of Zr（IV） with the binary mixture of TOA and Cyanex 921. The positive enthalpy change and positive entropy change in the binary extraction system show the endothermic process with an increase in entropy. Stripping of Zr（IV） from the loaded organic phase containing the mixture of TOA （0.1 M） and Cyanex 921 （0.02 M） indicates that HNO3 and Na2CO3 are the best stripping agents.

Extraction of palladium(Ⅱ) from hydrochloride solutions with 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one as novel extractant

Solvent extraction of palladium （Ⅱ） from hydrochloric acid solution with 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one （OIT）/cyclohexane was studied. Effects of different parameters on extraction efficiency were evaluated. 99.96 % and 98.26 % palladium （Ⅱ） could be effectively extracted with 0.018 mol·L^-1 OIT/cyclohexane of 0.1 and 4.0 mol·L^-1 HCl medium, respectively. Nonpolar solvent and low acidity could improve the extracting efficiency, and successfully strip palladium （Ⅱ） from the loaded organic phase was achieved with 0.5 mol·L^-1 （NH2）2CS solution. It was proposed that the extraction of Pd com-plexes from HCl medium proceeded through the ion-association mechanism by slope method, NMR and FF-IR spectra.

2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Skin Adhesive for Topical Skin Incision Closure in Female Pelvic Surgery

Background: 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (2OCA) high viscosity tissue adhesive (Medline Industries, Inc., Mundelein, IL) is a liquid topical skin adhesive. 2OCA offers the same design features and clinical utility in terms of flexibility, strength, and low complication rate as the commercially available 2OCA tissue adhesives. Additionally, 2OCA features high viscosity allowing for better control during the application process, polymerization without the use of an external activator, and a distinctive violet color for ease of application visualization. Objective: The aim of this prospective case series is to descriptively report clinical data with the application of 2OCA as a topical incision closure system in female pelvic surgery. The primary outcomes included: incisional pain, incisional dehiscence, and post-operative bleeding. The secondary outcome included drying times of the adhesive with regard to incision length. Methods: A prospective open-label observational case series study was conducted to evaluate the use of 2OCA in surgical wound closure of the topical skin in adult patients undergoing gynecologic surgical procedures. A total of 50 adult women undergoing gynecologic surgery were enrolled. 2OCA was applied only by surgeons who had undergone product training to the incisions in a standardized, protocol-defined fashion. Drying times for the adhesive and photography were recorded intraoperatively. Post treatment follow-up was conducted with queries of pain level, incisional dehiscence, and incisional bleeding immediately post-operatively, 48 hours, 5 - 10 days and 14 days post-treatment. Adverse events were documented. Results: 2OCA was applied to a total of 154 incisions from the 50 patients enrolled to the study. The procedures included: 16 laparoscopic total hysterectomies, 4 diagnostic laparoscopies, 2 laparoscopic myomectomies, 2 laparoscopic bilateral or unilateral salpingo-oophorectomies, 5 total robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgeries (2 total hysterectomies, 1 supracervical hysterectomy, 1 sacrocolpopexy, and one excision of endometriosis), 7 sacral neuromodulation procedures, and 18 midurethral slings. The overall rate of incisional dehiscence was 3% (4/154). The rate of reported incisional bleeding was 3% (4/154). There was 1 incisional infection. The pain reports based on a 10-point scale had a mean of 4.96 immediately post-operatively, which decreased to a mean score < 1 (0.2) by post-op day (POD) 14. The mean drying times for the various lengths of incisions included the following: 1.28 minutes for incisions ≤ 5 mm, 1.53 minutes for 6 - 8 mm, 1.66 minutes for 10 mm - 20 mm, and 1.57 minutes for the 40 - 50 mm incisions. In 23% (36/154) of incisions 2OCA was the sole method of skin closure. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that 2OCA is safe to use in gynecologic surgical incisions with low rates of post-operative incisional bleeding and incisional dehiscence. Post-operative reports of pain maintained expected levels for recovery. 2OCA is a practical alternative or augmentation to traditional suture closure of skin incisions at the time of gynecologic surgery.

Synthesis and Properties of Poly (n-Octyl Acrylate) with Uniform Polystyrene Grafts

Poly （n-octyl acrylate） with uniform polystyrene grafts （POA-g-PS） was obtained by radical copolymerization of n-octyl acrylate （OA） with PS macromer, in solution. The reactivity ratio and effects of copolymerization conditions on grafting efficiency were studied. The crude products were purified by extraction with cyclohexane and n-butanol successively. POA-g-PS exhibited a very good compatibilizing effect on the acrylic rubber/polystyrene blends. 2﹪-3﹪ of the graft copolymer was enough for enhancing the tensile strength of the blends. DSC and SEM demonstrated the enhancement of compatibility in the presence of the graft copolymer.

Extraction of Gold by Di(2-ethylhexyl)Sulfoxide and N-Octyl Sulfoxide

A long chain aliphatic sulfoxide can be used as an extractant.It can extract almost all metallic ions which can be extracted by tributylphosphate (TBP).The extraction of gold was studied by Chekushin,V. S. and Mojski,M.using petroleum sulfoxide and n-dioctyl sulfoxide(DOSO) as an extractant respectively.

Definition of Planarian Mortality in an Acute Toxicity Test:A Case Study on Dugesia japonica Exposed to 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide

In order to define the mortality criteria of planarian objectively,a case study of Dugesia japonica exposed to 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([C8mim]Br)was performed followed by a recovery culture.The results showed that defining planarian mortality in light of its body disintegration was appropriate.If the disintegrated tissue of a planarian was more than 1/4 of its body length,it would completely degenerate.However,a planarian would regenerate the lost tissue and return to normal after a few days’recovery culture if the disintegrated part was less than 1/4 of body length.Therefore,we propose to use body disintegration as the endpoint of planarian mortality,i.e.,1/4 body length degenerated is the critical threshold of mortality and survival of planarians when exposed to toxicants.This criterion could be adapted in the standardization of testing protocols and comparability of acute toxicity test or other toxicological research using planarian as the test animal.

Action mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid,which is highly insoluble and must be used in high dosage in bauxite flotation,that is the great drawback of oleic acid in use.Octylic hydroxamic acid was synthesized,and its collecting ability to certain minerals in bauxite:diaspore and kaolinite were studied.The collecting power of various reagents to diaspore in an incremental sequence was shown as follows:oleic acid<octylic hydroxamic acid,while the incremental sequence of the collecting power to kaolinite was like this:octylic hydroxamic acid < oleic acid.It could be seen that octylic hydroxamic acid had the capability of high collectivity and good selectivity,and octylic hydroxamic acid was chosen to use in the following experiments.Reduced zeta potential showed the adsorption of the anionic collector on the mineral.By the adsorptive capability and IR(infrared ray)tests,the adsorption of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore was determined to be chemical absorption,which was greater than that of oleic acid,as it was absorption by hydrogen bond.

Stereoselective synthesis and crystal structure of 4,6-O-benzylidene-N-octyl-D-allosamine hydrochloride

The building block of N-alkyl derivative of allosamidin（chitinase inhibitor）,4,6-O-benzylidene-N-octyl-D-allosamine hydrochloride was stereoselectively synthesized in two steps under mild conditions.Nucleophilic addition of octylamine to 2- oxoglucopyranoside gave a‘carbonyl group transfer＇ product in 62%yield.Subsequent stereoselective reduction of newly formed C=O with NaBH_4 produced title compound in 75%yield.X-ray diffraction analysis indicates the title compound adopts syn 1,2,3 stereochemistry and chair-chair conformation.The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

4-辛基衣康酸减轻脂多糖诱导的心肌损伤

目的探讨4-辛基衣康酸(4-OI)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠心肌损伤的影响。方法采用6~8周雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,经腹腔注射4-OI(25 mg/kg)或等量生理盐水连续预处理3 d后,腹腔注射LPS(10 mg/kg)或等量生理盐水,12 h后行心脏超声检查。取心脏,行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察心肌病理变化;Western blot检测心肌组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、p65、pp65、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPx4)、前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2(PTGS2)和核转录因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)的蛋白表达水平。结果心脏超声结果显示,LPS腹腔注射后,小鼠左心室明显扩张,收缩功能减低;与LPS组相比,4-OI组小鼠左心室收缩功能改善。HE染色示LPS腹腔注射后,小鼠心脏炎症细胞浸润明显,心肌细胞排列疏松,表现出类似于脓毒症诱导的心肌损伤的病理特点。4-OI组小鼠心脏的炎症细胞浸润程度和病理改变较LPS组低。Western blot示LPS腹腔注射后,小鼠心肌组织中Nrf2和GPx4的表达明显降低,IL-1β、TNF-α、PTGS2以及pp65/p65表达明显升高;与LPS组相比,4-OI组小鼠心肌组织中的Nrf2和GPx4蛋白水平更高,而IL-1β、TNF-α、pp65/p65和PTGS2表达水平降低。结论4-OI预处理可通过减轻炎症和氧化应激,减轻LPS诱导造成的心肌损伤,从而保护心脏功能。

2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylate Skin Adhesive Used as a Splinting Material in Auricular Surgery

In cases of auricular surgery, postoperative dressings are thought to be important for keeping auricular contour and in helping to prevent from dressing failures due to edema or subcutaneous hematoma, which may result in fibrous or cartilaginous proliferation. However, it is often difficult to achieve success with standard dressings because of the complicated shape of the auricle. We used 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate skin adhesive to dress the auricle after different types of auricular procedures (five cases of cryptotia, two of prominent ear, two of severe auricular laceration, two of skin grafting and one of flap repair of the partial auricle defect). The 2-octyl-cyanoacrlaate skin adhesive was applied to the suture line and the operated and peripheral areas for wider coverage. No dressing materials were placed over the surface. In all cases, the desired outcome was achieved, without subcutaneous hematoma, wound dehiscence, and wound infection. Contact dermatitis caused by the skin adhesive was not observed in any of the cases. Dressing and splinting after auricular surgery can be simply and successfully achieved using 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate skin adhesive. There is no need for more complicated dressings and post-surgical dressing changes, resulting in higher patient satisfaction.

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中对羟基苯乙酮、对茴香酸和辛酰羟肟酸

建立高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中对羟基苯乙酮、对茴香酸和辛酰羟肟酸含量的分析方法。样品经体积分数为80%的甲醇溶液超声提取,以0.1%(体积分数)磷酸溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用Osaka Soda Capcell Pak MG C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,流量为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为210 nm,色谱峰面积外标法定量。对羟基苯乙酮、对茴香酸和辛酰羟肟酸的质量浓度在2.5~60 mg/L范围内与对应色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.9998,方法检出限均不大于0.22 mg/L。低、中、高三个浓度水平的加标回收率为85.8%~111.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.5%~5.9%(n=6)。该方法操作简便,适用于化妆品中3种物质的测定。