Aiming at the problem of available water conservation in desertification ecological restoration, we prepared the water retention materials with montmorillonite（MMT） modified by Castor Oil Polyoxyethylene Ether（10）...Aiming at the problem of available water conservation in desertification ecological restoration, we prepared the water retention materials with montmorillonite（MMT） modified by Castor Oil Polyoxyethylene Ether（10）（EL-10） emulsifying vegetable waxes. The water retention property was studied in simulated desertification climate, and the materials were analyzed and characterized by UV-Vis, SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. Moreover, a UV carbon arc lamp was used to test the resistance to aging. The experimental results show that the emulsion has good dispersity. Both the water retention property and the aging resistance performance of the modified clay were excellent. The lamellar structure and chemical composition of MMT had no obvious changes before and after modification. The surfaces of clay particles were coated uniformly with modified MMT, so the loose clay particles were cemented together by vegetable waxes. Meanwhile, the original big hydrophilic pores between the clay particles turned into capillary hydrophobic pores. So the clay particles formed a bonding layer which could inhibit water evaporation. Grass-planting experiment showed that reasonable mass ratio of vegetable waxes and EL-10 was 1：18. The materials not only had great water retention property but also maintained sound air permeability so that the germination rate of grass seed significantly increased from 8% to 52%.展开更多
采用分子动力学模拟(MD)的方法在分子层面上考察辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐(OPES)在油-水界面的界面行为。模拟结果表明:辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐可以大幅降低油-水界面的界面张力,在OPES浓度达到饱和浓度时,系统界面张力仅为3.85 m N·...采用分子动力学模拟(MD)的方法在分子层面上考察辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐(OPES)在油-水界面的界面行为。模拟结果表明:辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐可以大幅降低油-水界面的界面张力,在OPES浓度达到饱和浓度时,系统界面张力仅为3.85 m N·m^(-1);OPES中磺酸基是主要亲水基团,具有良好的亲水性;温度在318~373 K时,界面张力由24.63 m N·m^(-1)下降到17.43 m N·m^(-1),这说明OPES具有良好的抗高温性能;当Na^+浓度在1%~5%的环境下OPES性质稳定,界面张力仅有4.47 m N·m^(-1)的小幅增加,因此OPES具有良好的耐盐性,并且其对Na^+的耐盐性能好于对Ca^(2+)的耐盐性。展开更多
基金Funded by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2001AA322100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50772131)+1 种基金the Main Project of Ministry of Education of China(No.106086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)(No.2012YJ05)
文摘Aiming at the problem of available water conservation in desertification ecological restoration, we prepared the water retention materials with montmorillonite（MMT） modified by Castor Oil Polyoxyethylene Ether（10）（EL-10） emulsifying vegetable waxes. The water retention property was studied in simulated desertification climate, and the materials were analyzed and characterized by UV-Vis, SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. Moreover, a UV carbon arc lamp was used to test the resistance to aging. The experimental results show that the emulsion has good dispersity. Both the water retention property and the aging resistance performance of the modified clay were excellent. The lamellar structure and chemical composition of MMT had no obvious changes before and after modification. The surfaces of clay particles were coated uniformly with modified MMT, so the loose clay particles were cemented together by vegetable waxes. Meanwhile, the original big hydrophilic pores between the clay particles turned into capillary hydrophobic pores. So the clay particles formed a bonding layer which could inhibit water evaporation. Grass-planting experiment showed that reasonable mass ratio of vegetable waxes and EL-10 was 1：18. The materials not only had great water retention property but also maintained sound air permeability so that the germination rate of grass seed significantly increased from 8% to 52%.
文摘采用分子动力学模拟(MD)的方法在分子层面上考察辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐(OPES)在油-水界面的界面行为。模拟结果表明:辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐可以大幅降低油-水界面的界面张力,在OPES浓度达到饱和浓度时,系统界面张力仅为3.85 m N·m^(-1);OPES中磺酸基是主要亲水基团,具有良好的亲水性;温度在318~373 K时,界面张力由24.63 m N·m^(-1)下降到17.43 m N·m^(-1),这说明OPES具有良好的抗高温性能;当Na^+浓度在1%~5%的环境下OPES性质稳定,界面张力仅有4.47 m N·m^(-1)的小幅增加,因此OPES具有良好的耐盐性,并且其对Na^+的耐盐性能好于对Ca^(2+)的耐盐性。
