The nuisance from odor caused by municipal solid waste(MSW) is resulting in a growing number of public complaints and concerns. Odor pollution occurs in the initial decomposition stage of MSW, including waste collecti...The nuisance from odor caused by municipal solid waste(MSW) is resulting in a growing number of public complaints and concerns. Odor pollution occurs in the initial decomposition stage of MSW, including waste collection, transportation and early pre-treatment. Furthermore, decomposition takes place in waste facilities that are often close to living areas, which can result in odor impacts on local inhabitants. However, this aspect of odor impact from MSW has not been well studied. In the current study, lab-scale waste cells were designed to simulate MSW storage conditions in the early stage. The characteristics of VOCs emissions with different waste compositions were analyzed. The odor concentration( CO, non-dimensional) method and odor intensity were used for the assessment of odor. Ethanol was the substance with highest emission rate. The release rate of VOCs increased with the growth easily biodegradable waste(EBW). VOCs emissions was reduced by 25% when the proportion of EBW decreased from 60% to 45%. Methyl sulfide, ethanol, dimethyl disulfide and ethyl acetate were identified as typical odorants. The EBW proportion in waste is the main factor significantly influencing odor pollution. The CO was 244.51 for the 60% EBW condition, which was only 61.46 for 15% EBW condition. These study results provide important information for the implementation of a garbage sorting policy and the monitoring of odor pollution from waste management.展开更多
Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health stat...Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health status and social life of the neighbors. That requires the local authority to set up a management strategy to control this nuisance. The evaluation of odour emissions from fishing port is complex because these emissions depend on several factors such as multiple sources of odor emissions, meteorological conditions, topography and others. That imposes the use of complementary approaches to monitor odours. In this paper, the case of Agadir fishing port is studied, which is adjacent to the tourist area and residential neighborhoods and which hosts a number of points that can generate odors. To assess this odour impact, three methods are used such as dynamic olfactometry, dispersion modeling and mobile electronic nose (e-nose). The use of these three methods in a complementary manner to assess odour impacts around a fishing port allowed both the quantification of the emissions using dynamic olfactometry and the evaluation of their impact on the study area with model dispersion. The results enabled also to identify the most affected areas of the city by odor emissions and to recognize the meteorological parameters maximizing odor impact. The other goal of this work is to compare the results of the odour dispersion modeling and e-nose measurements for one year in terms of frequency of overtaking the set alert thresholds over the same period. Comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Modeling can be used predicatively but it does not take into account fugitive emissions reliably in the absence of data on these emissions, modeling based on the hourly average misjudges the odor peaks, while e-nose made it possible to obtain validated data and provides accurate, affordable and real-time odour measurement capability tacking in to account the role of human perception without being able to characterize the extent of the odor nuisance caused by each source. We conclude that these three valuation methods provide complementary information about odor nuisance and reasonable estimates of odors.展开更多
采用4种哑光剂[粒径分别为20μm和5μm的硅灰石、碱式硫酸镁晶须及交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)]和3种除味剂[吸附型除味剂(MP60)、PS水母粒及复合型吸附除味剂],研究其对聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)合金的光泽度、气味...采用4种哑光剂[粒径分别为20μm和5μm的硅灰石、碱式硫酸镁晶须及交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)]和3种除味剂[吸附型除味剂(MP60)、PS水母粒及复合型吸附除味剂],研究其对聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)合金的光泽度、气味等级、冲击强度及雾化值的影响。实验结果表明:交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)对PC/ABS合金具有非常好的消光效果,同时对PC/ABS合金的冲击强度影响最小,添加质量分数为5%时PC/ABS合金的光泽度为12%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为27.9 k J/m2,通过添加复合型吸附除味剂能将合金的气味等级从4级降低到2.5级,雾化值从3.2 mg下降到1.6 mg;碱式硫酸镁晶须同样具有较好的消光效果,但添加过量的碱式硫酸镁晶须会影响PC/ABS合金的冲击强度,添加质量分数为3%时PC/ABS合金的光泽度为23%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为32.9 k J/m2,通过添加除味剂能将合金的气味等级从3.5级下降到2.5级,雾化值从2.8 mg下降到1.3 mg;硅灰石具有一定的消光效果,但效果不如交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)和碱式硫酸镁晶须,对PC/ABS合金的气味几乎没有影响;除味剂能有效降低PC/ABS合金的气味等级和雾化值,多梯度孔径的复合型吸附除味剂效果最好,当除味剂添加量达到饱和后,PC/ABS合金的气味等级和雾化值不会继续下降。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51808520)the State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control (No. 20200502)。
文摘The nuisance from odor caused by municipal solid waste(MSW) is resulting in a growing number of public complaints and concerns. Odor pollution occurs in the initial decomposition stage of MSW, including waste collection, transportation and early pre-treatment. Furthermore, decomposition takes place in waste facilities that are often close to living areas, which can result in odor impacts on local inhabitants. However, this aspect of odor impact from MSW has not been well studied. In the current study, lab-scale waste cells were designed to simulate MSW storage conditions in the early stage. The characteristics of VOCs emissions with different waste compositions were analyzed. The odor concentration( CO, non-dimensional) method and odor intensity were used for the assessment of odor. Ethanol was the substance with highest emission rate. The release rate of VOCs increased with the growth easily biodegradable waste(EBW). VOCs emissions was reduced by 25% when the proportion of EBW decreased from 60% to 45%. Methyl sulfide, ethanol, dimethyl disulfide and ethyl acetate were identified as typical odorants. The EBW proportion in waste is the main factor significantly influencing odor pollution. The CO was 244.51 for the 60% EBW condition, which was only 61.46 for 15% EBW condition. These study results provide important information for the implementation of a garbage sorting policy and the monitoring of odor pollution from waste management.
文摘Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health status and social life of the neighbors. That requires the local authority to set up a management strategy to control this nuisance. The evaluation of odour emissions from fishing port is complex because these emissions depend on several factors such as multiple sources of odor emissions, meteorological conditions, topography and others. That imposes the use of complementary approaches to monitor odours. In this paper, the case of Agadir fishing port is studied, which is adjacent to the tourist area and residential neighborhoods and which hosts a number of points that can generate odors. To assess this odour impact, three methods are used such as dynamic olfactometry, dispersion modeling and mobile electronic nose (e-nose). The use of these three methods in a complementary manner to assess odour impacts around a fishing port allowed both the quantification of the emissions using dynamic olfactometry and the evaluation of their impact on the study area with model dispersion. The results enabled also to identify the most affected areas of the city by odor emissions and to recognize the meteorological parameters maximizing odor impact. The other goal of this work is to compare the results of the odour dispersion modeling and e-nose measurements for one year in terms of frequency of overtaking the set alert thresholds over the same period. Comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Modeling can be used predicatively but it does not take into account fugitive emissions reliably in the absence of data on these emissions, modeling based on the hourly average misjudges the odor peaks, while e-nose made it possible to obtain validated data and provides accurate, affordable and real-time odour measurement capability tacking in to account the role of human perception without being able to characterize the extent of the odor nuisance caused by each source. We conclude that these three valuation methods provide complementary information about odor nuisance and reasonable estimates of odors.
文摘采用4种哑光剂[粒径分别为20μm和5μm的硅灰石、碱式硫酸镁晶须及交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)]和3种除味剂[吸附型除味剂(MP60)、PS水母粒及复合型吸附除味剂],研究其对聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)合金的光泽度、气味等级、冲击强度及雾化值的影响。实验结果表明:交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)对PC/ABS合金具有非常好的消光效果,同时对PC/ABS合金的冲击强度影响最小,添加质量分数为5%时PC/ABS合金的光泽度为12%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为27.9 k J/m2,通过添加复合型吸附除味剂能将合金的气味等级从4级降低到2.5级,雾化值从3.2 mg下降到1.6 mg;碱式硫酸镁晶须同样具有较好的消光效果,但添加过量的碱式硫酸镁晶须会影响PC/ABS合金的冲击强度,添加质量分数为3%时PC/ABS合金的光泽度为23%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为32.9 k J/m2,通过添加除味剂能将合金的气味等级从3.5级下降到2.5级,雾化值从2.8 mg下降到1.3 mg;硅灰石具有一定的消光效果,但效果不如交联聚苯乙烯聚合物(BMAT)和碱式硫酸镁晶须,对PC/ABS合金的气味几乎没有影响;除味剂能有效降低PC/ABS合金的气味等级和雾化值,多梯度孔径的复合型吸附除味剂效果最好,当除味剂添加量达到饱和后,PC/ABS合金的气味等级和雾化值不会继续下降。
