Among the major challenges facing the modern era of technological and industrial advancements are pollution and exponentially growing energy consumption.Pollution continues to be a menace affecting different aspects o...Among the major challenges facing the modern era of technological and industrial advancements are pollution and exponentially growing energy consumption.Pollution continues to be a menace affecting different aspects of life such as health,productivity,and comfort.This paper focuses on the elimination or reduction of sound pollution in buildings using cement-based boards made from pretreated coconut coir and oil palm fibers obtained from agricultural residues.The study includes an account of the preparation of fiber cement boards made from Portland cement Type 1,limestone powder,water,sand,and pretreated coconut coir and oil palm fibers at 5,10,15,and 20%by weight of powder materials,respectively,and a high-range water reducer in order to make sure that the natural materials would be spread in an even way throughout the specimens.Sound insulation tests were performed as key indicators of the performance of the fiber cement boards.It was found that an increase in the proportion of natural materials resulted in fiber cement boards with decreased density,compressive strength,and flexural strength.Furthermore,in relation to both physical and mechanical performance,the boards incorporating coconut fibers were superior to those incorporating oil palm fibers.With an increased proportion of natural fibers,sound insulation performance tended to improve.The boards prepared with coconut coir and oil palm fibers in this study yielded acceptable physical and mechanical properties and showed promise in relation to providing insulative protection against sound.展开更多
Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials.This study^purpose was the development of oil palm fiber(OPF)mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)...Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials.This study^purpose was the development of oil palm fiber(OPF)mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)as a composite filament for fused deposition modeling(FDM).The mechanical properties of this composite filament were then analyzed.OPF is a fiber extracted from empty fruit bunches,which has proved to be an excellent raw material for biocomposites.The cellulose content of OPF is 43%-65%,and the lignin content is 13%-25%.The composite lilament consists of OPF(5%,mass fraction)in the ABS matrix.The fabrication procedure included alkalinizing,drying,and crushing the OPF to develop the composite.The OPF/ABS materials were prepared and completely blended to acquire a mix of 250 g of the material for the composition.Next,the FLD25 filament extrusion machine was used to form the OPF/ABS composite into a wire.This composite filament then was used in an FDM-based 3D printer to print the specimens.Finally,the printed specimens were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength.The results show that the presence of OPF had increased the tensile strength and modulus elasticity by approximately 1.9%and 1.05%,respectively.However,the flexural strength of the OPF/ABS composite had decreased by 90.6%compared with the virgin ABS.Lastly,the most significant outcome of the OPF/ABS composite was its suitability for printing using the FDM method.展开更多
Indonesia is the most producer of crude palm oil (CPO) worldwide with production more that 25 million tons in 2013. Through increasing production of CPO the wastes generated are growing up as well. The empty fruit bun...Indonesia is the most producer of crude palm oil (CPO) worldwide with production more that 25 million tons in 2013. Through increasing production of CPO the wastes generated are growing up as well. The empty fruit bunch of oil palm (EFB) is one of the solid waste (biomass) which is generated at the palm oil mill. Its amount is equivalent to the CPO production, but only about 50% of its weight are good fibers for further usage as industrial raw material. The EFB fiber consists an interesting honey comb/lightweight structure. By mixing the EFB natural fiber with bio binding agent based on potato the environmental friendly materials (biocomposites) can be produced which are 100% biodegadrable. The biocomposites with 2 mm thickness have strengthness about 7 GPa according to the 3 points bending test standard of DIN 53 457. After coating process the environmental friendly lightweight materials with density less than 0.4 g/cm3 will be ready to be implemented for different technical applications.展开更多
文摘Among the major challenges facing the modern era of technological and industrial advancements are pollution and exponentially growing energy consumption.Pollution continues to be a menace affecting different aspects of life such as health,productivity,and comfort.This paper focuses on the elimination or reduction of sound pollution in buildings using cement-based boards made from pretreated coconut coir and oil palm fibers obtained from agricultural residues.The study includes an account of the preparation of fiber cement boards made from Portland cement Type 1,limestone powder,water,sand,and pretreated coconut coir and oil palm fibers at 5,10,15,and 20%by weight of powder materials,respectively,and a high-range water reducer in order to make sure that the natural materials would be spread in an even way throughout the specimens.Sound insulation tests were performed as key indicators of the performance of the fiber cement boards.It was found that an increase in the proportion of natural materials resulted in fiber cement boards with decreased density,compressive strength,and flexural strength.Furthermore,in relation to both physical and mechanical performance,the boards incorporating coconut fibers were superior to those incorporating oil palm fibers.With an increased proportion of natural fibers,sound insulation performance tended to improve.The boards prepared with coconut coir and oil palm fibers in this study yielded acceptable physical and mechanical properties and showed promise in relation to providing insulative protection against sound.
基金The authors are thankful to the Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology,Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for providing the facilities of laboratory and supporting for this research work.
文摘Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials.This study^purpose was the development of oil palm fiber(OPF)mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)as a composite filament for fused deposition modeling(FDM).The mechanical properties of this composite filament were then analyzed.OPF is a fiber extracted from empty fruit bunches,which has proved to be an excellent raw material for biocomposites.The cellulose content of OPF is 43%-65%,and the lignin content is 13%-25%.The composite lilament consists of OPF(5%,mass fraction)in the ABS matrix.The fabrication procedure included alkalinizing,drying,and crushing the OPF to develop the composite.The OPF/ABS materials were prepared and completely blended to acquire a mix of 250 g of the material for the composition.Next,the FLD25 filament extrusion machine was used to form the OPF/ABS composite into a wire.This composite filament then was used in an FDM-based 3D printer to print the specimens.Finally,the printed specimens were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength.The results show that the presence of OPF had increased the tensile strength and modulus elasticity by approximately 1.9%and 1.05%,respectively.However,the flexural strength of the OPF/ABS composite had decreased by 90.6%compared with the virgin ABS.Lastly,the most significant outcome of the OPF/ABS composite was its suitability for printing using the FDM method.
文摘Indonesia is the most producer of crude palm oil (CPO) worldwide with production more that 25 million tons in 2013. Through increasing production of CPO the wastes generated are growing up as well. The empty fruit bunch of oil palm (EFB) is one of the solid waste (biomass) which is generated at the palm oil mill. Its amount is equivalent to the CPO production, but only about 50% of its weight are good fibers for further usage as industrial raw material. The EFB fiber consists an interesting honey comb/lightweight structure. By mixing the EFB natural fiber with bio binding agent based on potato the environmental friendly materials (biocomposites) can be produced which are 100% biodegadrable. The biocomposites with 2 mm thickness have strengthness about 7 GPa according to the 3 points bending test standard of DIN 53 457. After coating process the environmental friendly lightweight materials with density less than 0.4 g/cm3 will be ready to be implemented for different technical applications.
