Research on a TOPSIS energy efficiency evaluation system for crude oil gathering and transportation systems based on a GA-BP neural network

As the main link of ground engineering,crude oil gathering and transportation systems require huge energy consumption and complex structures.It is necessary to establish an energy efficiency evaluation system for crude oil gathering and transportation systems and identify the energy efficiency gaps.In this paper,the energy efficiency evaluation system of the crude oil gathering and transportation system in an oilfield in western China is established.Combined with the big data analysis method,the GA-BP neural network is used to establish the energy efficiency index prediction model for crude oil gathering and transportation systems.The comprehensive energy consumption,gas consumption,power consumption,energy utilization rate,heat utilization rate,and power utilization rate of crude oil gathering and transportation systems are predicted.Considering the efficiency and unit consumption index of the crude oil gathering and transportation system,the energy efficiency evaluation system of the crude oil gathering and transportation system is established based on a game theory combined weighting method and TOPSIS evaluation method,and the subjective weight is determined by the triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.The entropy weight method determines the objective weight,and the combined weight of game theory combines subjectivity with objectivity to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive energy efficiency of crude oil gathering and transportation systems and their subsystems.Finally,the weak links in energy utilization are identified,and energy conservation and consumption reduction are improved.The above research provides technical support for the green,efficient and intelligent development of crude oil gathering and transportation systems.

Characteristics of Oil Contamination and Numerical Modelling of Its Transport in Fracture-Karst Water in Zibo City,China

In this paper, the hydraulic characteristics of the fracture-karst aquifer and the distribution patterns of petrochemical contaminants are studied. Then, a numerical model using the mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is constructed to predict the distribution and transport of petrochemical compounds in groundwater. The results of numerical modelling and sensitivity analysis show that it may be a workable way for aquifer remediation to combine contamination sources control and capture zone establishment.

Using big data to track marine oil transportation along the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road

China's designation of the "21 st-century Maritime Silk Road"(MSR) region is of extraordinary significance to its maritime rights, transportation security, and socio-economic development. We developed a technical framework allowing the use of "big data" derived from the Automatic Identification System(AIS, an automatic ship-tracking network) for two purposes: the accurate mapping of oil tanker trajectories and the creation of heat maps showing the relative use of oil tanker routes and marine shipping chokepoints. We then applied these methods to 1.5 billion AIS records collected within the MSR in 2014 to statistically identify and analyze busy routes, areas, and chokepoints in this strategic region. Our results demonstrate that the proposed framework can provide an effective analysis of oil movements based on large-scale AIS datasets, helping researchers and policy makers better understand the footprint and strategic implications of maritime oil transportation in the MSR region.

Emulsification of Indian heavy crude oil using a novel surfactant for pipeline transportation

The most economical way to overcome flow assurance problems associated with transportation of heavy crude oil through offshore pipelines is by emulsifying it with water in the presence of a suitable surfactant.In this research,a novel surfactant,tri-triethanolamine monosunflower ester,was synthesized in the laboratory by extracting fatty acids present in sunflower（Helianthus annuus）oil.Synthesized surfactant was used to prepare oil-in-water emulsions of a heavy crude oil from the western oil field of India.After emulsification,a dramatic decrease in pour point as well as viscosity was observed.All the prepared emulsions were found to be flowing even at 1°C.The emulsion developed with 60%oil content and 2wt%surfactant showed a decrease in viscosity of 96%.The stability of the emulsion was investigated at different temperatures,and it was found to be highly stable.The effectiveness of surfactant in emulsifying the heavy oil in water was investigated by measuring the equilibrium interfacial tension（IFT）between the crude oil（diluted）and the aqueous phase along with zeta potential of emulsions.2wt%surfactant decreased IFT by almost nine times that of no surfactant.These results suggested that the synthesized surfactant may be used to prepare a stable oil-in-water emulsion for its transportation through offshore pipelines efficiently.

Experimental Study and Simulation Principles of An Oil-Gas Multiphase Transportation System

Presented is an experimental study on the performance of an oil-gas multiphase transportation system, especially on the multiphase flow patterns, multiphase pumping and multiphase metering of the system. A dynamic simulation analysis is conducted to deduce simulation parameters of the system and similarity criteria under simplified conditions are obtained. The reliability and feasibility of two-phase flow experiment with oil and natural gas simulated by water and air are discussed by using the similarity criteria.

Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Charge Transportation in Mineral Oil and Natural Ester Based Nanofluid

TiO2 semiconductive nanoparticles are added into mineral and ester based transformer oil to form semiconductive nanofluids (SNFs) with the aim of enhancing the oil’s insulating performance. Charge accumulation and decay characteristics of both pure oils and SNFs are measured by pulse electroacoustic (PEA) technique. The result reveals that compared with pure oil, SNFs have more uniform in- ternal electric fields with voltage applied and higher charge decay rate after removing the applied voltage. This is caused by the increase of shallow trap density in SNFs, due to the test results of thermally stimulated current (TSC). It is proposed that the electron trapping and de-trapping processes in shallow traps could be the main charge transport processes in the nanofluid transformer oil.

Current State and Prospects of CNPC's Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation

Oil and gas transportation facilities are important for a country to secure an energy supply and maintain social stability and economic development.Social capitals in China are now encouraged by the government to invest in the construction of oil and gas infrastructures in the country.With China's growing economy and new reforms in the oil and gas sector,more opportunities are available for private companies seeking to get involved in energy infrastructure.It is estimated that the future market of energy infrastructure projects in China is valued at nearly RMB 2 trillion.This paper is trying to offer some clues regarding investment in energy infrastructure in China by giving a brief introduction to the current situation of CNPC's oil and gas infrastructure construction.

The challenges facing the oil and gas storage and transportation technology and its developing direction

In recent years, our country is increasingly dependent on the use of the oil resources, and the degree of the oil mining is also continuously upgrading. After the completion of the tasks related to the oil mining in the lands, the technologies for the development of the offshore oil mining are particularly important. Among these problems, after the exploitation, the storage and transportation of the offshore oil and gas is worthy of the discussion of the technical personnel. From the experience of the oil and gas storage and transportation in the long years, in some environmentally degraded areas, there are problems in the efficiency and safety in the long pipeline transportation and the oil and gas mixed transportation, and in the transportation, there are also big shortcomings. In this paper, the author carries on the analysis of the existing questions encountering in our country＇s oil and gas storage and transportation~ and proposes the direction of the researches in the future oil and gas storage and transportation, and the purpose is to better improve the security of Cbina＇s oil and gas storage and transportation and to enhance the efficiency of the use of the oil and gas.

The development status and the prospect of the pipeline robots in the oil and gas storage and transportation industry

In the process of the constant development of the oil and gas storage and transportation technology, the maintenance of the large pipelines is an important task. At present, China vigorously promotes the use of the pipeline robots, for the maintenance of the oil and gas pipelines by the unique characteristics of the robots. In this paper, the author carries out the detailed analysis on the current situation of the development of the pipeline robots in the oil and gas storage and transportation industry, and compares the different applications of the pipeline robots at home and abroad. Starting from the principles of the operation of the robots, the author analyzes the characteristics of the different types of the robots, and combined with the existing conditions of the oil and gas storage and transportation in our country, the author tries to find the most favorable way of the working of the pipeline robots, to continuously improve the development of the oil and gas storage and transportation industry using the robot technologies.

A STAMP-Game model for accident analysis in oil and gas industry

Accidents in engineered systems are usually generated by complex socio-technical factors.It is beneficial to investigate the increasing complexity and coupling of these factors from the perspective of system safety.Based on system and control theories,System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes(STAMP)is a widely recognized approach for accident analysis.In this paper,we propose a STAMP-Game model to analyze accidents in oil and gas storage and transportation systems.Stakeholders in accident analysis by STAMP can be regarded as players of a game.Game theory can,thus,be adopted in accident analysis to depict the competition and cooperation between stakeholders.Subsequently,we established a game model to study the strategies of both supervisory and supervised entities.The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed game model allows for identifying the effectiveness deficiency of the supervisory entity,and the safety and protection altitudes of the supervised entity.The STAMP-Game model can generate quantitative parameters for supporting the behavior and strategy selections of the supervisory and supervised entities.The quantitative data obtained can be used to guide the safety improvement,to reduce the costs of safety regulation violation and accident risk.

Main Indexes of Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil and Gas

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Reform Exploration for Safety Course System of Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Facilities

In recent years,the safety of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities has been paid more attention by the state and enterprises due to frequent accidents.The oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses in China University of Petroleum(Beijing)includes“Engineering mechanics”,“Strength design of pipelines and tanks”and“Safety and integrity management of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities”.The three courses lack relevance and the teaching mode is too rigid,resulting in students losing their initiative in learning.If students can’t use the knowledge flexibly,it will affect the achievement of the objectives of the training program.Therefore,oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses are reformed,training plans are adjusted and teaching methods are improved.The practice shows that the reform enriches the teaching content,improves the teaching quality,stimulates classroom activity and gets a good evaluation of students.The reform of safety courses has a certain significance for cultivating compound talents who have the ability to solve practical problems in engineering.

A parametric study of the hydrodynamic roughness produced by a wall coating layer of heavy oil

In water-lubricated pipeline transportation of heavy oil and bitumen, a thin oil film typically coats the pipe wall. A detailed study of the hydrodynamic effects of this fouling layer is critical to the design and operation of oil-water pipelines, as it can increase the pipeline pressure loss （and pumping power requirements） by 15 times or more. In this study, a parametric investigation of the hydrodynamic effects caused by the wall coating of viscous oil was conducted. A custom-built rectangular flow cell was used. A validated CFD-based procedure was used to determine the hydrodynamic roughness from the measured pressure losses. A similar procedure was followed for a set of pipe loop tests. The effects of the thickness of the oil coating layer, the oil viscosity, and water flow rate on the hydrodynamic roughness were evaluated. Oil viscosities from 3 to 21300 Pa s were tested. The results show that the equivalent hydrodynamic roughness produced by a wall coating layer of viscous oil is dependent on the coating thickness but essentially independent of oil viscosity. A new correlation was developed using these data to predict the hydrodynamic roughness for flow conditions in which a viscous oil coating is produced on the pipe wall.

The current situation and prospect of oil steel pipe in China

The oil steel pipe in the petroleum industry is very important for its high price, large consumption volume and great effect on the development of petroleum industry. The oil steel pipe mainly includes oil well pipe (drill pipe, drill collar, casing and tubing etc.) and oil-gas transportation pipe. This paper is an attempt to make a comprehensive review on the current situation and prospect of the oil steel pipe in China, presenting the past , today and future of the China oil pipe. The first section is a historical review of the China oil pipe. The developing course and progress of the oil steel pipe products are presented. The second section is about the current situation of the China oil pipe. The general situation of the China’s steel pipe corporation and their products types, capability, etc. is introduced. The third section is about the prospect of the China oil pipe. This part mainly describes the new product research and development in China steel pipe corporations, which are facing more and more strict technical requirements of the petroleum industry in oil pipe, and reveals the prosperity of China’s steel pipe corporations.

中国西部地区成品油管网线路规划建议

在介绍西部地区成品油运输格局的基础上,分析该地区成品油管网的增输潜力。2020年,西部地区成品油有628万吨铁路量通过管网线路优化互通后可转为成品油管道运输量。西部地区成品油管网线路规划主要包括两个方面:一是重点结合西北地区铁路远距离发运路线,依托现有成品油管道,开展管道延伸研究;二是逐步形成西南地区成品油管网互联互通研究,推动区域物流优化。建议编制完善全国成品油管网规划建设与互联互通方案,成品油管输实行标签化管理,建立合作共赢的管网运营协同协作机制。

油气储运工程专业工程教育认证与“五自”质量文化体系的融合实践

以学生为中心、成果导向、持续改进是工程教育认证的三大核心理念。华东理工大学油气储运工程专业开展的融合“五自”质量文化体系的实践,是基于工程教育认证的持续改进和创新过程。文章系统阐述了工程教育认证与“五自”质量文化体系融合的内涵、实践以及具体成效,论证了实践与工程教育认证标准之间的协调统一关系,强调了专业教师在通过自我管理提升教育质量方面的关键作用,并以专业取得的发展成效验证了融合“五自”质量文化体系的工程教育的有效性,为其他院校工程教育的发展提供了宝贵的经验。

高职院校石化专业产教融合实训基地建设探索

文章采用文献研究法和实地调研法,对油气储运技术产教融合实训基地的建设与运行进行了系统研究,旨在探索油气储运技术产教融合实训基地的建设和运行模式,为培养高素质的油气储运人才提供有效的实训平台和教学资源,为油气储运产业的健康发展提供人才支撑和智力支持。

基于TRIZ理论的专创融合教学探索与实践

专创融合课程建设是高校创新创业教育深化改革的方向,也是高校培养创新人才的重要途径,旨在解决当前面临的创新创业教育与专业教育结合不紧、创新课程与专业课程脱钩的棘手难题。油气储运工程是石油化工领域的特色交叉专业,基于TRIZ理论探索油气储运工程专业课程的融合创新,对深化专创融合、提升教学质量具有重要的指导意义。

新工科背景下“粮油贮运学”课程改革与实践

新工科发展建设要求食品专业培养既有专业知识又具有创新意识和能力的综合人才。以“粮油贮运学”课程为例,从优化课程目标和教学内容、改进教学手段、丰富实践教学环节及建立科学合理的课程考核评价体系等方面进行了课程改革和建设。课程改革将理论与实践教学的有机结合,提高了学生参与度和学习主动性,有利于培养学生创新意识和创新能力,提升学生解决实际问题的能力。

华北油田油气密闭混输技术应用

华北油田第三采油厂所辖站场数量多,包括较多转油站和供热拉油站,多数站内保留着传统原油处理工艺,设备设施老化严重,生产成本较高,不易于管理。为最大程度地减少或降级部分站场,简化优化原油处理工艺流程,停用部分能耗较高的设备,开展油气密闭混输技术研究并进行现场应用。该技术的研究主要集中在油气混输装置,在两座站场应用的油气密闭混输装置成功解决了气相、液相共用一个泵腔结构给多相混输设备带来的技术难题;现场应用体现在两座站场实现越站外输,停运储油罐及部分原油处理设备。转油站应用油气密闭混输技术可在很大程度上简化工艺流程,实现站场降级,优化后,两个站年节省各类费用439.6万元,其经济效益和社会效益可观。