Simulation on Mechanical Behaviors of Oil-film Bearing Sleeve by Elastic Interference Fit

Oil film bearing,which works on thin film between sleeve and bush,is widely used in steel industry due to the characteristics of high efficiency and low noise,etc. The backup roll of 1 580PC hot strip mill invested by some steel corporation has been equipped with such bearing. During the process of setup&disassembly and usage period,the sleeve has been dramatically damaged,which results in production accidents and decreases its service life,thus heavily influencing steel production. Aimed at such puzzles,under specific loadcase,mechanical properties of bearing sleeve,as well as estimation of contact status and adhesive force of sleeve by interference fit,are quantitatively simulated by finite element method,which establishes an mechanical foundation for improving the load capacity of bearing and decreasing its wear and adhesion damages. Finally,some measures and conclusions are drawn.

ON THE AXIAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE ANALYSISOF THE SECTOR-SHAPED HYDRODYNAMIC THRUSTBEARING-ROTOR SYSTEM IN A TURBOEXPANDER

A model for the non-linear axial vibrations of the hydrodynamic thrust bearing-rotor system in a turboexpander is described. The axial transient process of the system is investigated. The time-dependent form ofthe Reynolds equation is solved by a finite difference method with successive overrelaxation scheme to obtain the hydrodynamic forces of the sector-shaped thrust bearing (SSTB). Using these forces, the equation of motion is solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Adams method to predict the transient behaviour of the thrust bearing-rotor system (TBRS).Also,the linearized stiffness and damping coefficients of the oil film hydrodynamic SSTB are calculated.The analyses of the axial transient response of the system under both linear and non-linear conditions are performed. The non-linearity of oil film forces can significantly contribute to the axial transient response. Conclusions obtained can be applied for evaluation of the reliability of the TBRS.

THE FRACTIONAL DIMENSION IDENTIFICATION METHOD OF CRITICAL BIFURCATED PARAMETERS OF BEARING-ROTOR SYSTEM

The stable problem of rotor system, seen in many fields, has been cared for more. Nowadays the reasons of most losing stability are caused by nonlinear behaviors This presents higher requirements to the designing of motor system : considering nonlinear elements, avoiding the unstable parameter points or regions where nonlinear phenomena will be presented. If a family of time series of the unknown nonlinear dynamical system cart only be got ( may be polluted by noise), how to identify the change of motive properties at different parameters? In this paper, through the study of Jeffcott rotor system, the result that using the figures between the fractional dimension of rime-serial and parameter can be gained, and the critical bifurcated parameters of bearing-rotor dynamical system can be identified.

DYNAMIC MODELLING FOR ROLLING SLIDEWAYS ASSEMBLY WITH DAMPING OIL-FILMS

By employing the oil-film damping technique, the vibration-proof ability of rollingslideways assembly can be improved remarkably without influencing its inherent advanced char-acteristics. This paper presents an investigation on dynamic modelling and parameter identifica-tion for rolling slideways assembly with damping oil-films on the basis of modal modification.The method combines theoretical calculation and experimental results effectively and can be usedto carry out reliable simulation and parameter analysis instead of pure analytical method.

NONLINEAR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDRODYNAMIC JOURNAL BEARING-FLEXIBLE ROTOR SYSTEM

The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of flexible rotor system with hydrodynamicbearing supports are analyzed. The shaft is modeled by using the finite element method that takesthe effect of inertia and shear into consideration. According to the nonlinearity of thehydrodynamic journal bearing-flexible rotor system, a modified modal synthesis technique withfree-interface is represented to reduce degrees-of-freedom of model of the flexible rotor system.According to physical character of oil film, variational constrain approach is introduced tocontinuously revise the variational form of Reynolds equation at every step of dynamic integrationand iteration. Fluid lubrication problem with Reynolds boundary is solved by the isoparametricfinite element method without the increasing of computing efforts. Nonlinear oil film forces andtheir Jacobians are simultaneously calculated and their compatible accuracy is obtained. Theperiodic motions are obtained by using the Poincare -Newton-Floquet (PNF) method. A method,combining the predictor-corrector mechanism to the PNF method, is presented to calculate thebifurcation point of periodic motions to be subject to change of system parameters. The localstability and bifurcation behaviors of periodic motions are obtained by Floquet theory. The chaoticmotions of the bearing-rotor system are investigated by power spectrum. The numerical examples showthat the scheme of this study saves computing efforts but also is of good precision.

Stability Analysis on Rotor Systems Supported by Self-acting Tilting-pad Gas Bearings with Frequency Effects

The recent research on stability of gas bearing-rotor systems still mostly adopts the same method as in oil-lubricated bearing-rotor systems.The dynamic coefficients of gas bearings in the case that the perturbation frequencies are same as the rotating speed are used to carry out the stability analysis of rotor systems.This method does not contact the frequency characteristics of dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of gas bearings with the dynamical behaviors of rotor systems.Furthermore,the effects of perturbation frequencies on the stability of systems are not taken into account.In this paper,the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of tilting-pad gas bearings are calculated by the partial derivative method.On the base of solution of dynamic coefficients,two computational models are produced for stability analysis on rotor systems supported by tilting-pad gas bearings according to whether the degrees of the freedom of pads tilting motions are included in the equations of motion or not.In the condition of considering the frequency effects of dynamic coefficients of tilting-pad gas bearings,the corresponding eigenvalues of the rigid and first five vibration modes of the system with the working speeds of 8-30 kr/min are computed through iteratively solving the equations of motion of rotor-system by using two computational models,respectively.According to the obtained eigenvalues,the stability of rotor system is analyzed.The results indicate that the eigenvalues and the stability of rotor system obtained by these two computational models are well agreement each other.They all can more accurately analyze the stability of rotor systems supported by tilting-pad gas bearings.This research has important meaning for perfecting the stability analysis method of rotor systems supported by gas bearings.

Research on the Critical Speed of a Mixed-Flow Turbocharger with Hybrid Ceramic Ball Bearing

The critical speeds for a vehicle turbocharger with hybrid ceramic ball bearing are researched. The ball bearing-rotor system produces resonance when it working in critical speed and that makes the turbocharger injury working for a long time. The calculation and analysis methods of the critical speed for the vehicle turbocharger are described. The critical speed is computed by two methods including Riccati transfer matrix and DyRoBeS finite element method for a vehicle turbocharger with hybrid ceramic ball bearing. The vibration experiment had been taken to validate the calculating result, Comparison between the results by two calculation methods and the test results show that the first critical speed differences are 6.47 % and 5.66 %, the second critical speed differences are 2.87 % and 2.94 % respectively. And then, the primary factors which influence the critical speed are analyzed, the conclusions will be helpful for the vehicle turbocharger bearing-rotor system design.

Bifurcation analysis for nonlinear multi-degree-of-freedom rotor system with liquid-film lubricated bearings

The oil-film oscillation in dimensional nonlinear problem. In this a large rotating machinery is a complex high- paper, a high pressure rotor of an aero engine with a pair of liquid-film lubricated bearings is modeled as a twenty-two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system by the Lagrange method. This high-dimensional nonlinear system can be reduced to a two-degree-of-freedom system preserving the oil-film oscillation property by introducing the modified proper orthogonal decomposition （POD） method. The effi- ciency of the method is shown by numerical simulations for both the original and reduced systems. The Chen-Longford （C-L） method is introduced to get the dynamical behaviors of the reduced system that reflect the natural property of the oil-film oscillation.

Complex nonlinear behaviors of a rotor dynamical system with non-analytical journal bearing supports

Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of a rotor dynamical system with finite hydrodynamic bearing supports were investigated. In order to increase the numerical accuracy and decrease computing costs, the isoparametric finite element method based on variational constraint approach is introduced because analytical bearing forces are not available. This method calculates the oil film forces and their Jacobians simultaneously while it can ensure that they have compatible accuracy. Nonlinear motion of the bearing-rotor system is caused by strong nonlinearity of oil film forces with respect to the displacements and velocities of the center of the rotor. A method consisting of a predictor-corrector mechanism and Newton-Raphson method is presented to calculate equilibrium position and critical speed corresponding to Hopf bifurcation point of the bearing-rotor system. Meanwhile the dynamic coefficients of bearing are obtained. The nonlinear unbalance periodic responses of the system are obtained by using Poincaré-Newton-Floquet method and a combination of predic- tor-corrector mechanism and Poincaré-Newton-Floquet method. The local stability and bifuration behaviors of periodic motions are analyzed by the Floquet theory. Chaotic motion of long term dynamic behaviors of the system is analyzed with power spectrum. The numerical results reveal such complex nonlinear behaviors as periodic, quasi-periodic, chaotic, jumped and coexistent solutions.

Simulation Research on Oil Whirl Fault in a High-speed Rotor-bearing System

Under the sliding bearing support for the rotor-bearing system, the dynamic model of a rotor-bearing system is established under the action of non-linear oil film force. The rotor-bearing system has been studied by the application of nonlinear dynamics theory, and the system＇s response was obtained by the numerical integration approach. The effects of eccentricity, speed, lubricant viscosity, radius gap, bearing length and journal radius on the system＇s response have been studied by using an amplitude-frequency curve, three-dimensional spectrum and bifurcation, which provides a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of the oil whirl fault effectively in the rotor-bearing system supported by a sliding bearing.

A finite-element-aided ultrasonic method for measuring central oil-film thickness in a roller-raceway tribo-pair

Roller bearings support heavy loads by riding on an ultra-thin oil film(between the roller and raceway),the thickness of which is critical as it reflects the lubrication performance.Ultrasonic interfacial reflection,which facilitates the non-destructive measurement of oil-film thickness,has been widely studied.However,insufficient spatial resolution around the rolling line contact zone remains a barrier despite the use of miniature piezoelectric transducers.In this study,a finite-element-aided method is utilized to simulate wave propagation through a three-layered structure of roller-oil-raceway under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)with nonlinear characteristics of the i)deformed curvature of the cylindrical roller and ii)nonuniform distribution of the fluid bulk modulus along the circumference of the oil layer being considered.A load and speed-dependent look-up table is then developed to establish an accurate relationship between the overall reflection coefficient(directly measured by an embedded ultrasonic transducer)and objective variable of the central oil-film thickness.The proposed finite-element-aided method is verified experimentally in a rollerraceway test rig with the ultrasonically measured oil-flm thickness corresponding to the values calculated using the EHLtheory.

Numerical and experimental investigation into hypersonic boundary layer transition induced by roughness elements

In this work, the Direct Numerical Simulation(DNS) and Oil-Film Interferometry(OFI)technique are used to investigate the hypersonic boundary layer transition induced by single and double roughness elements at Mach number 5. For single roughness, the DNS results showed that both horseshoe vortices and hairpin vortices caused by shear layer instability can affect the boundary layer instability. The generation of the near-wall unstable structure is the key point of boundary layer transition behind the roughness element. At the downstream of the roughness element, the interaction between horseshoe vortices and hairpin vortices will spread in the spanwise direction.For double roughness elements, the effect of the spacing between roughness elements on the transition is studied. It is found that the case of higher spacing between roughness elements is more effective for inducing transition than the lower one. The interaction between two adjacent roughness elements can suppress the evolution of horseshoe vortices in the downstream and trigger the instability of shear layer. Thus, the transition will be suppressed accordingly.