Superhydrophobic magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4) polyurethane sponges for oil-water separation and oil-spill recovery

The effective and affordable separation of oil and water,a crucial process in the safe han dling of environmental disasters such as crude oil spills and recovery of valuable resources is a highly sought-after yet challenging task.Herein,superhydrophobic PU sponge was fab ricated for the fast and cost-effective adsorptive separation of oil and different organic sol vents from water.Octadecyltrichlorosilane(OTS)-functionalized Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)core-shell mi crospheres were dip-coated on the surface of porous materials via a dip-coating process thereby endowing them with superhydrophobicity.Owing to the hydrophobic interaction between OTS molecules and oil and increased capillary force in the micropores,the result ing superhydrophobic sponge served as a selective oil-sorbent scaffold for absorbing oil from oil-water mixtures,including oil-water suspensions and emulsions.Remarkably,after the recovery of the adsorbed oil via mechanical extrusion,these superhydrophobic materials could be reused multiple times and maintain their oil-water separation efficacy even afte 10 oil-water separation cycles.

Development of an integrated model system to simulate transport and fate of oil spills in seas

A three-dimensional integrated model is developed for simulating transport and final fate of oil spills in seas.The model contains two main modules,flow and transport-fate modules.The flow module uses an unstructured finite-volume wave-ocean coupling model.Using unstructured meshes provides great flexibility for modeling the flow in complex geometries of tidal creeks,barriers and islands.In the transport-fate module the oil dispersion is solved using a particle-tracking method.Horizontal diffusion is simulated using random walk techniques in a Monte Carlo framework,whereas the vertical diffusion process is solved on the basis of the Langeven equation.The model simulates the most significant processes that affect the motion of oil particles,such as advection,surface spreading,evaporation,dissolution,emulsification and turbulent diffusion as well as the interaction of the oil particles with the shoreline,sedimentation and the temporal variations of oil viscosity,density and surface tension.The model simulates either continuous or instantaneous oil spills,and also other toxic matter.This model has been applied to simulate the oil spill accident in the Bohai Sea.In comparison with the observations,the numerical results indicate that the model is reasonably accurate.

An assessment of oil spill detection using Sentinel 1 SAR-C images

Identification of an oil spill is additionally essential to evaluate the potential spread and float from the source to the adjacent coastal terrains.In such manner,usage of Synthetic Aperture RADAR(SAR)information for the recognition and checking of oil spills has gotten extensive consideration as of late,because of their wide zone inclusion,day-night and all-weather capabilities.The present examination studies an oil spill occurred in the Al Khafji region by applying Sentinel 1 SAR-C images.Al Khafji is on the borderline between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait in the Persian Gulf and it is detected as an unbiased zone.Al Khafji region can possibly deliver in excess of 7472.403 m³barrels of oil for every day(m³/d).Approaches dependent on multi-sensor satellite images examination have been produced for distinguishing oil spills from referred to common leaks just as oil slick procedures.In this paper,one of these techniques is associated with Sentinel 1 images of a known region of natural oil leakage and of an ongoing oil slick incident in Al Khafji zone.The Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)is perceived as the most significant remote sensing apparatus for the ocean and ocean waters oil slick examination,recording,documentation and propagation.Specifically,this paper examines oil spills recognition in the Persian Gulf surveyed by utilizing Sentinel-1(SAR-C)imageries.Results demonstrated the significance of the VV polarization of the Sentinel-1 for recognizing oil-spills just as the diminished utility of the VH polarization in this sole circumstance.