Agro Morphological Characterization and Evaluation of Three Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Varieties from Zinder (Niger) for Yield and Other Variability Components

Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the dry season 2018-2019. The following characters were evaluated: emergence;germination;boutonization flowering;fructificaion;height at flowering;height at maturity;length of the petiole;diameter of leaves;diameter of plants;number of fruits;number of fruit per branch;total number of fruits;number of branch, number of leaves;length of fruits;diameter of fruits;number of arrets;weight of fruits;weight of seed, number of seeds. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using XlStat version 7.1 and the means separated by using Turkey’s Method. Analysis of Principal components (PCA) using R software was also performed on the variables. There were significant differences for all characters except emergence, germination, diameter of plants, number of fruits, total number of fruits and diameter of fruits. The multivariate analysis by the ACP showed a grouping of the varieties in three groups. The three okra varieties have revealed good performances and could be useful for a breeding program. The study of the water needs of the varieties will be very interesting to make a better selection of the collection.

OKRA (HIBISCUS ESCULENTUS) AND FENUGREEK (TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRACEUM) MUCILAGE:CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION AS FLOCCULANTS FOR TEXTILE EFFLUENT TREATMENTS

The use of new food grade polysaccharides (mucilage) obtained from Hibiscus esculentus and Trigonella foenum graceum,commonly called Okra and Fenugreek,respectively,as flocculants was described.These polysaccharides were used for removal of solids (suspended solids (SS) and total dissolved solids (TDS)) and dyes from real textile effluents and aqueous solutions of different class of synthetic dyes.Influences of varying polysaccharide concentration,contact time and pH on removal of pollutant from the textile...

Epidemiology of Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (OYVMV) and Its Management through Tracer, Mycotal and Imidacloprid

Field trials were conducted to evaluate the epidemiological factors of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Four varieties of okra were subjected to screening and evaluation of the chemicals. The variety Saloni F1 was highly resistant while Subz Pari was moderately resistant. Diksha was the tolerant variety while Lush Green was moderately susceptible. The chemical Imidacloprid was most effective to control whitefly population and okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Correlation of environmental factors (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) with percent plant infection of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) was also determined. There was a significant correlation between environment and disease severity.

木质化秋葵均一多糖的理化特性及结构表征研究

文章以木质化秋葵为原料,采用水提醇沉法和DEAE-Cellulose阴离子交换层析法获取木质化秋葵纯化多糖AP1-c,并对AP1-c的理化性质和结构进行研究。结果表明,AP1-c是分子量为658 kDa的均一多糖,总糖、糖醛酸、蛋白质的质量分数分别为95.36%、24.83%、0.72%。傅里叶变换红外(Fourier transform infrared,FTIR)光谱分析表明AP1-c具有典型的多糖特征吸收峰。单糖组成结果显示,AP1-c主要由半乳糖(Gal)、鼠李糖(Rha)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)和葡萄糖(Glc)组成,摩尔比为1.85∶1.00∶0.24∶0.67。甲基化分析表明AP1-c主要存在5种糖苷键连接方式,分别为1,3,4-linked-Rha p、1-linked-Ara f、1,4-linked-Gal p、1-linked-Gal p、1,6-linked-Glc p,对应的摩尔比为2.9∶1.6∶2.7∶2.3∶0.7。结合化学和仪器方法可推断出AP1-c的主链由→3,4)-α-D-Rha p-(1→、→4)-β-D-Gal p-(1→组成,而支链包括α-L-Ara f-(1→、β-D-Gal p-(1→、→6)-β-D-Glc p-(1→。研究结果为木质化秋葵的开发利用奠定了理论基础。

响应面优化超声波辅助[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4双水相提取黄秋葵多糖

【目的】探讨超声波辅助[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4提取黄秋葵多糖的最佳工艺。【方法】采用浊点滴定法,比较[Bmim]Cl-(NH4)2SO4、[Bmim]Cl-Na2HPO4、[Bmim]Cl-Na2CO3和[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4等4种双水相体系的分相能力与萃取能力,确定[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4为最佳双水相体系。以黄秋葵Abelmoschus esculentus为原料,采用超声波辅助[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4提取黄秋葵多糖,探讨K2HPO4质量分数、提取时间、提取温度、液固比、[Bmim]Cl质量分数等5个单因素对提取率的影响。在各单因素试验最佳条件的基础上,进行响应面Box-Behnken设计,优化黄秋葵多糖提取工艺。【结果】各因素对提取率影响大小依次为液固比、[Bmim]Cl质量分数、提取温度、提取时间、K2HPO4质量分数;最佳工艺条件为5 mL质量分数71.94%的离子液体[Bmim]Cl,5 mL质量分数22.31%的K2HPO4双水相体系中,提取时间29.36 min,提取温度55.69℃,液固比25.00 mL·g^−1,黄秋葵多糖提取率为29.12%。验证平均值为31.22%,相对标准偏差为3.70%。【结论】超声波辅助[Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4提取工艺具有提取率高、时间短、离子液体可回收等优点,可用于工业化生产。