Strengthening Active Aging through Older People’s Association and Economic Activity of the Older People in Nepal

Aging is a natural lifelong process ending in death. Many older people are living in poverty. Older people are generally considered dependent on others as they grow older. The purpose of this article is to explore the entrepreneurship activities of Nepalese older adults. Data for this study were collected from the project Help Age International (HAI) implemented in Nepal. Qualitative data observations and interviews were used to collect data. The findings of this study show the formation of the Older People’s Association (OPA) has supported many older people to participate outside the home in various social activities. Moreover, regular deposits through OPAs offer little help. OPAs support older people in their need of financial support to implement minor entrepreneurship. Older people who received support were pleased and were actively involved in their activities and also regularly deposited money in them. Subsequently, older people’s participation in social activities has increased and also helped to lower elderly abuse, loneliness, and depression. Local governments should promote such activities which will help with healthy aging.

Influence of Proxies on the Reported Frequency of Falls, Fear of Falling and Activity Restriction in Older People

Introduction: In older populations, the help of a third person may be necessary for a certain number of individuals in order to fill in questionnaires. The influence of this assistance on the collected information can raise questions, among others concerning the concordance between the information provided by the persons themselves and by their proxies, or the introduction of a potential bias. Our study’s objective is to examine, among older people, the differences in the reported frequency of falls, fear of falling and activity restriction due to fear of falling, according to the fact that people had filled in a questionnaire with or without the help of a third person. Methods: The data used come from the secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire and conducted in 2006 in a Belgian semi-rural town among non-institutionalised persons aged 65 years and over. Results: Among the 501 questionnaires, 16.4% were filled in with the help of another person. In bivariate analysis, the persons who needed help reported fall history, fear of falling and activity restriction significantly more often. In multivariable analysis, when considering concurrently the covariates (sex, age, living alone and fall history for fear of falling and for activity restriction), the influence of having received help to fill in the survey was only significant for activity restriction. Conclusion: Our study shows that it is important to know whether or not a person has received help to fill in a questionnaire. This can actually influence the reported frequency of certain outcomes, even, for activity restriction, when considering simultaneously the effect of other covariates. Given the current and future ageing of our populations, it seems that more extensive exploration is needed of the influence of proxies on the collected information about falls, fear of falling and activity restriction among older people.

Physical activity in older people with cardiac co-morbidities

The World Health Organisation （WHO） launched a global action plan on physical activity to provide a frame- work of policy actions to increase physical activity in June 2018. Physical activity is an effective intervention for pre- vention and management of non-communicable diseases including cardiac disease, regardless of age. We hoped this letter would remind readers of the importance of physical activity in older people, particularly those with cardiac co-morbidities.

The Effect of Brain Gym on Global Cognitive Function of Institutionalized Older People

Cognitive function of older adults is influenced by several factors such as age,sex,education,and physical activity so that it can impact the decrease in progressive cognitive function.It is necessary to implement cognitive training in old people’s care to prevent or delay the onset of age-related cognitive decline.Brain gym is a series of simple motion exercises and is an alternative therapy that stimulates the brain.This study aims to evaluate the effect of brain gym as a cognitive training intervention on global cognitive functioning of institutionalized older population.The study is a non-randomized quasi-experimental one using pre-and post-test control group design.The participants of the study were 65 years old or older who had been part of gerontological centers from a local community.They were divided into two groups:control and intervention,each one with 15 people.Mini-Mental State Examination was applied to the sample before and after the cognitive training.The brain gym training consists of bi-weekly group meeting for 12 weeks,lasting 50 min each.The treated group had a significantly better global cognitive function.Recalling(memory),orientation and language skills were the domains with the most significant changes(p<0.05).On the other hand,no significant changes were found in the participants of control groups during post test.Our results suggest that cognitive training based in brain gym improves global cognitive function of institutionalized older people lease type your abstract here.Abstract of a research paper is typically 200 to 400 words in length,and 150 to 300 words for a review paper.Abstract shall be running continuously(not structured)and shall not include reference citations.Abbreviations that appear only once in the abstract should be defined in full.If abbreviations appear more than once,the full definitions should be provided first before they can be used elsewhere.

Activities for Older People

Along with the improvement of the standard of living and medical care the lifespan of people in China has increased greatly in the 1990s. There are more older people living in Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin than in the rest of the country. The government

基于CiteSpace的国内城市住区儿童户外活动空间研究进展

在各大城市积极响应“儿童友好城市”建设及国内生育政策开放的双重背景下,儿童活动愈发受到重视,针对作为儿童成长环境与生活空间的住区户外活动区域进行深入研究的需求也愈发迫切。文章采用文献计量法,利用CiteSpace的可视化功能,以中国知网中有关住区儿童户外活动空间的期刊文献为对象,分别从文献数量、文献来源、研究热点、演进规律进行综合分析,进而对研究现状进行系统梳理及提炼,以期为未来儿童活动的住区空间研究提供必要依据与启发。

Environmental Design of Urban Outdoor Public Spaces Based on Children's Activities

This paper analyzed current situation of domestic and foreign children's outdoor spaces, and the relationship between urban public spaces and children's behaviors, summarized design principles and techniques to improve use efficiency of urban outdoor public spaces and facilities, create public spaces capable of meeting psychological behavior needs of children.

Research on Thermal Comfort of Outdoor Space in Summer Urban Park: Take Mianyang Urban Park as an Example

One of the factors for the evaluation of the space environment is the comfort of outdoor activities spaces in urban parks. The space composed of different landscape elements has different microclimate environment. In this paper, in order to evaluate the role of thermal comfort in influencing resident’s assessment of the outdoor space and activities of the park, a thermal comfort survey was conducted on the outdoor open space of Mianyang Urban Park in summer. In this article, meteorological surveys, questionnaire surveys and observation of park attendance are selected to collect data. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) assessment was selected as the index to evaluate resident’s thermal comfort level, and the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the spatial thermal environment of different outdoor landscape elements in the park. The overall comfort of current visitors is mainly influenced by their subjective heat perception voting (TSV). In this article, we focus on providing microclimate adjustment considerations for urban park landscape design, and may help people understand the outdoor thermal comfort of Mianyang in summer, increase the using time of outdoor activities, and promote the use of outdoor space.

Factors Associated with Physical-Activity Performance by Older Individuals in a Medium-Sized City in S^o Paulo State, Brazil

Physical activity has been scientifically discussed as fundamental in the process of healthy ageing. Hence, this study aimed at determining the factors that influence older people to perform physical activities. The complete IPAQ （International Physical Activity Questionnaire） was applied to a population-based sample consisting of 364 elderly persons in the city of Botucatu, SAo Paulo, Brazil. Days of physical activity performed by the older people were considered by taking into account household and leisure activities. Models for count data were fitted by including socio-demographic variables as well as those related to life satisfaction. It was shown that housework physical-activity performance is associated with female, who predominantly showed to be more active in all levels. Male seemed to be more predisposed to perform lighter recreation, sports and leisure-time physical activities, such as walking. Additionally, poor schooling showed to he decisive for not performing physical activities both at home and during leisure.

The Rhythm of the Unit Is the Pace of Life:A Study of Everyday Activities and Sleep in Swedish Residential Care

Social and physical activities can improve sleep in older people. However, living in a residential care facility has been associated with a limited potential for activities and increased inactivity, reflected in poor sleep among residents. In turn, poor sleep can impair physical and mental functions. This paper explores sleep habits and everyday activities at three residential care facilities and investigates the link between sleep habits and everyday activities from the perspective of the residents. Data were collected through observations of daily life and interviews with residents. The results showed that fixed times during the day reduced daytime sleep and motivated them to go to the day room, thus enabling social interaction. More impaired residents spent more time in the day room napping or being less active. The residents stated that going outdoors was a desired activity, thought to improve sleep. However, the activity did not occur to the extent the residents wished for. Maintaining mobility and influence over daily activities together with regularity seemed to improve sleep. Awareness among staff of the need for stimulating and enriching activities, as well as access to bright light is requisite. Specific consideration should be given to residents who have difficulties communicating their wishes and/or impaired mobility.

迈向白色景观:寒地城市中小河流滨水空间居民冬季户外活动的环境特征偏好研究

城市中小河流滨水空间是承载居民户外活动的重要载体,寒地冬季严酷的气候条件使河流由蓝色水域空间转变成白色冰雪空间,特殊的水体形态使居民的活动水平产生较大变化。聚焦寒地城市中小河流滨水空间的居民冬季户外活动,构建可达性、场所特征、服务设施和维护管理4类维度下的17项环境特征要素指标,通过问卷调查与Kano模型得出户外活动的环境特征偏好要素序列,基于行为类型讨论要素指标对冬季户外活动的影响。结果显示,河流白色景观对提升冬季健康福祉具有重要意义,对维护管理提出了更高的要求。寒地滨水空间的流动行为更关注步行体验,强调线性路径的空间畅通和微气候舒适,驻留行为更关注冬季运动和防风防寒设施的配给。研究成果可为寒地城市居民健康福祉的规划建设提供决策支持。

基于儿童户外活动特征解析的社区活动空间更新建设策略研究

【目的】为响应国家“十四五”规划提出的建设儿童友好城市的政策要求,应探索儿童友好的、适宜儿童活动的社区空间环境更新建设策略。【方法】以成都市3个儿童友好型社区试点中的4类活动空间为例,采取社区游憩行为观察系统、核密度估算以及现状调研等方法,采集并分析儿童户外活动情况及社区活动空间环境特征,并建立相关性模型,探究影响儿童户外活动的社区空间环境因子。【结果】发现多个环境因子对儿童活动有显著影响,包括道路平整度、场地规模等,其中看护空间、游戏设施类型、休憩设施、商业设施可达性是影响儿童户外活动密度、时长、活动类型多样性的关键环境因子;据此归纳出促进儿童户外活动的社区空间环境重点建设方向包括:1)合理规划规模较大且毗邻儿童商业的平整场地;2)增设具有吸引力的、完善的配套设施;3)布置合理的看护休憩空间;4)植入新颖多样、互动性强的环境要素。【结论】为建设促进儿童户外活动的社区空间提供了科学依据,有助于在社区中为儿童营造健康友好的成长环境。

儿童友好型社区户外活动空间优化设计策略——以沈阳金地滨河国际社区为例

儿童友好城市/社区的建设,是当前中国城市更新和社区营造中的重要部分。文章将沈阳部分社区作为研究对象,针对提升居住区儿童户外活动空间友好度进行探讨,以提高儿童户外活动空间的各年龄段友好度、空间安全性和趣味性为目标,结合儿童的心理和行为特征,提出设计策略,以期营造儿童健康快乐成长的户外活动空间。

老年人工具性生活活动能力水平与常速行走步态特征的关联分析

目的探讨老年人常速行走下步态参数特征及其与工具性生活活动能力(instrumental activity of daily living,IADL)水平的关系。方法2023年2-8月,应用方便抽样,选取北京医院60岁及以上自愿接受调查的老年人为研究对象进行横断面调查,收集研究对象的一般特征资料,采用IADL量表评估IADL水平,依据IADL是否受损将研究对象分为两组,使用多传感器可穿戴步态分析仪IDEEA采集研究对象常速行走状况下的步态参数。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析老年人常速行走下步态参数与IADL受损发生风险的关联。结果共739例纳入研究,受损组293例,正常组446例。与正常组比较,受损组老年人时空步态参数如步速、步频和步长等降低,动力学参数如大腿摆动功、地面冲击力和脚离地角度降低,步态周期参数如单脚支撑时间等增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,步频、步长、跨步长、足落地控制和脚离地角度与IADL受损存在关联(P<0.05)。年龄分层分析中,≥70岁老年人群步态特征与IADL受损发生风险呈现更为显著的相关性(P<0.05)。结论IADL受损老年人步态性能下降,时空步态参数与动力学参数与老年人IADL受损关系密切。

影响老年人不同健康活动的绿地环境要素识别与优化——以大连市为例

城市绿地对老年人健康活动具有重要促进作用,是实现积极老龄化的关键。以大连市主城区为研究对象,构建了包括物质环境(如可达性、吸引力)和感知环境(适宜性)的多层次指标体系。通过多元线性回归和中介效应分析,揭示了绿地与老年人体力和社交活动之间的内在联系。研究发现,绿地通达性、活力和综合公园对老年人体力活动有显著正面影响,而街道以生活性为主且较高的绿视率更有助于促进老年人的社交活动,社区公园和游园是社交活动的重要场所。此外,场所活力和生活性街道还会通过影响老年人的环境感知,间接影响其健康活动,进一步明确了环境设计应考虑老年人感知体验的重要性。

基于多源数据空间分析的城市体检方法与更新策略——以北京市海淀街道为例

在城市更新中基于多源数据与空间分析模型有助于精准发现问题并解析其形成的机理,对保证更新措施的有效性和长效性均有重要意义。本研究以北京市海淀街道的城市体检工作为例,以绿色出行、完整社区和健康城市为目标,综合多源大数据与实地调研小数据对慢行交通、社区商业和公共空间三方面的问题进行诊断,并应用空间句法模型对问题背后的路权分配、社区商业需求、居民户外活动的自组织空间规律进行了分析,探索了一种以数据空间分析为基础的城市问题诊断-分析-优化的工作流程。

社区户外活动空间对老年人行为影响机制的扎根分析

为了探究社区户外活动空间如何影响老年人的户外行为,本文对老年人的半结构式访谈文本进行扎根理论分析,从低层次开放性、具体化概念到逐渐高层次抽象化类属,再到逻辑系统化的结构关联,构建文本数据逻辑;并结合理论背景支撑的解析,提出空间要素对老年人户外行为影响机制的理论模型,为进一步探究社区户外活动空间和老年人行为的作用过程、空间适老化更新设计和实践提供依据参考。

理解老年人的身体活动:基于时空行为视角的研究

目的:从时空行为视角对建成环境与老年人户外身体活动的时空行为特征进行研究,为促进我国老年人身体活动水平提升和应对老龄化趋势提供新思路。方法:采用全球定位系统(global position system,GPS)和三维加速度计对126名老年人时空行为数据进行同步收集,通过空间算法将环境暴露数据与身体活动数据相关联,总结其出行方式、出行时间、出行频率、出行范围等特征。结果:1)老年人户外身体活动存在“点-线”型、“候鸟”型、“条链”型、“自由”型、“邻里”型、“综合”型6种时空模式;2)老年人主要户外身体活动范围为家附近500 m左右;3)老年人近45%的热量消耗和中高强度身体活动发生在户外空间,主要户外活动兴趣点为休闲娱乐、购物和运动健身;4)老年人户外身体活动特征以出行频率高和短时耗为主,出行次数对身体活动水平有显著影响,出行次数每增加1次,平均每周户外身体活动水平增加20.5 min。结论:我国老年人户外身体活动呈现出多样化的时空行为模式,未来可以将增加出行次数作为促进老年人身体活动水平的切入点。

基于“双减”政策背景的南京老旧住区儿童户外活动空间研究——以南京市主城区为例

该文基于“双减”政策提出的背景,以南京市建邺区南湖片区老旧居住区的儿童公共活动场所为调查对象,通过实地调研、问卷发放、对比分析、摄影分析和空间分析五类研究方法对其儿童活动地点的分布情况及行为特征进行了研究。研究发现“双减”前儿童更关注户外活动空间的舒适性和丰富度,“双减”后儿童更偏向关注户外活动空间的可达性、安全性、生态性。在此基础上,研究基于城市居住区儿童公共活动场所现存问题,对户外空间提出了空间改造方案,从而更好地营造居住区高品质的儿童友好城市公共活动空间。

老年健康导向下的住区室外活动空间热环境研究——以合肥西园新村为例

随着全球气候变化和人口老龄化进程加速,老年人作为最容易受到气温环境负面影响的群体之一,社区室外活动空间恶劣的微气候已经严重影响老年居民健康及室外活动的开展。针对日益严峻的老年健康问题,本文通过梳理相关文献,厘清空间热环境和老年健康的关系,对老年健康温度阈值进行定量研究。以合肥住区室外活动空间热环境为研究对象,将提升老年健康为目标,采用ENVI-met软件对社区热环境现状进行量化分析,科学评估活动空间的热环境品质,并通过健康温度阈值筛选出更适合老年居民使用的室外活动空间,探讨室外活动空间的选址及优化建议,为住区室外活动空间的选址、设计和改造提供理论依据。