As an emerging thermal-driven membrane technology,membrane distillation(MD)has attracted immense attention for desalination and water purification.The membranes for MD generally have hydrophobic or superhydrophobic pr...As an emerging thermal-driven membrane technology,membrane distillation(MD)has attracted immense attention for desalination and water purification.The membranes for MD generally have hydrophobic or superhydrophobic properties to enable vapor permeation without liquid passage(e.g.,wetting).However,conventional MD membranes cannot undergo long term stable operations due to gradual wetting in practical applications where the feed solution often contains multiple low-surface tension contaminants(e.g.,oil).Recently,omniphobic membranes repelling all sorts of liquids and typically having ultralow surface energy and re-entrant structures have been developed for robust MD to mitigate wetting and fouling.In this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive review of recent progress on omniphobic membranes.Fundamentals,desirable properties,advantages and applications of omniphobic membranes are discussed.We also summarize the research efforts and methods to engineer omniphobic membranes.Finally,the challenges and future research directions on omniphobic membranes are discussed.展开更多
In this study, we report the utilization of a three-dimensional （3D） porous graphene structure as liquid-vapor separation filter, which allows the passage of chemical vapors while blocking liquid chemicals and water...In this study, we report the utilization of a three-dimensional （3D） porous graphene structure as liquid-vapor separation filter, which allows the passage of chemical vapors while blocking liquid chemicals and water. The blockage of liquid chemicals and water from semiconducting sensing regions is required to avoid abnormal transistor characteristics. In order to impart omniphobic characteristics, a （heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl）trichlorosilane （HDF-S） self-assembled monolayer was coated on the surface of the 3D porous graphene structure. The concentration of chemical agents in water could be consistently detected by observing the shift in the threshold voltage in the oxide nanowire transistor covered by the HDF-S self-assembled 3D graphene structure. The proposed monitoring method is expected to offer means for application in different environments by providing a stable sensing performance.展开更多
文摘As an emerging thermal-driven membrane technology,membrane distillation(MD)has attracted immense attention for desalination and water purification.The membranes for MD generally have hydrophobic or superhydrophobic properties to enable vapor permeation without liquid passage(e.g.,wetting).However,conventional MD membranes cannot undergo long term stable operations due to gradual wetting in practical applications where the feed solution often contains multiple low-surface tension contaminants(e.g.,oil).Recently,omniphobic membranes repelling all sorts of liquids and typically having ultralow surface energy and re-entrant structures have been developed for robust MD to mitigate wetting and fouling.In this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive review of recent progress on omniphobic membranes.Fundamentals,desirable properties,advantages and applications of omniphobic membranes are discussed.We also summarize the research efforts and methods to engineer omniphobic membranes.Finally,the challenges and future research directions on omniphobic membranes are discussed.
文摘In this study, we report the utilization of a three-dimensional （3D） porous graphene structure as liquid-vapor separation filter, which allows the passage of chemical vapors while blocking liquid chemicals and water. The blockage of liquid chemicals and water from semiconducting sensing regions is required to avoid abnormal transistor characteristics. In order to impart omniphobic characteristics, a （heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl）trichlorosilane （HDF-S） self-assembled monolayer was coated on the surface of the 3D porous graphene structure. The concentration of chemical agents in water could be consistently detected by observing the shift in the threshold voltage in the oxide nanowire transistor covered by the HDF-S self-assembled 3D graphene structure. The proposed monitoring method is expected to offer means for application in different environments by providing a stable sensing performance.
