Stylistic Analysis on English On-line Chat

Based on the fact that on-line chat has become the most developing language form in the information age, this article point out the stylistic features of on-line English chat. Though in written language form, such language is spoken language in nature, thus it is worthwhile to analyze this special phaenomenon in lexical and grammatical level.

Analysis and Application of the Synthetic Relative Measuring Method in On-Line Monitoring for Capacitive Equipment in Power Systems

On-line measurement for dielectric loss angle can effectively monitor the insulation condition of capacitive equipment in power systems. Synthetic relative measuring methods not only markedly overcome the shortcomings of traditional absolute measuring methods but also greatly improve the accuracy of dielectric loss angle measurement. However, synthetic relative measuring methods based on two or three pieces of capacitive equipment do not have the characteristic of generality. In this paper, a principle of synthetic relative measuring method is presented. The example of application for synthetic relative methods based on three and four pieces of capacitive equipment running in the same phase is taken to present the failure judgment matrices for N pieces of equipment. According to these matrices, the fault condition of N pieces of capacitive equipment can be watched, which is more general. Then some problems needing to be concerned along with two diagnostic methods used in diagnostic system are introduced. Finally, two programmable flow charts for the two methods are given and corresponding examples demonstrate their feasibility in practice.

On-line Batch Process Monitoring and Diagnosing Based on Fisher Discriminant Analysis

A new on-line batch process monitoring and diagnosing approach based on Fisher discriminant analysis （FDA） was proposed. This method does not need to predict the future observations of variables, so it is more sensitive to fault detection and stronger implement for monitoring. In order to improve the monitoring performance, the variables trajectories of batch process are separated into several blocks. The key to the proposed approach for on-line monitoring is to calculate the distance of block data that project to low-dimension Fisher space between new batch and reference batch. Comparing the distance with the predefine threshold, it can be considered whether the batch process is normal or abnormal. Fault diagnosis is performed based on the weights in fault direction calculated by FDA. The proposed method was applied to the simulation model of fed-batch penicillin fermentation and the resuits were compared with those obtained using MPCA. The simulation results clearly show that the on-line monitoring method based on FDA is more efficient than the MPCA.

Mechanics Analysis of Overhead Transmission Lines Based On-line Monitoring

At present, the on-line monitoring is widely applied to the power line monitoring. In this paper, a new mechanical calculation model is established according to the on-line monitoring. And this model is based on the parameters that tension sensors and angle sensors on suspended points detect, and combines with the parameters of the wire itself, and also considers the deflection angel of wires due to wind. In this model, mechanics parameters of wires are turned into the new coordinate plane after deflection angel of wires due to wind, or windage yaw plane. A statics tension balance equation is built in the vertical direction of the new windage yaw plane. According to the theoretical analysis and algorithm, we verify the accuracy of this newly developed mechanical calculation model.

Group decision-making method based on entropy and experts cluster analysis

According to the aggregation method of experts＇ evaluation information in group decision-making,the existing methods of determining experts＇ weights based on cluster analysis take into account the expert＇s preferences and the consistency of expert＇s collating vectors,but they lack of the measure of information similarity.So it may occur that although the collating vector is similar to the group consensus,information uncertainty is great of a certain expert.However,it is clustered to a larger group and given a high weight.For this,a new aggregation method based on entropy and cluster analysis in group decision-making process is provided,in which the collating vectors are classified with information similarity coefficient,and the experts＇ weights are determined according to the result of classification,the entropy of collating vectors and the judgment matrix consistency.Finally,a numerical example shows that the method is feasible and effective.

Improvement on On-line Ferrograph Image Identification

A newly developed on-line visual ferrograph（OLVF） gives a new way for engine wear state monitoring. However, the reliability of on-line wear debris image processing is challenged in both monitoring ship engines and the Caterpillar bench test, which weren＇t reported in previous studies. Two problems were encountered in monitoring engines and processing images. First, small wear debris becomes hard to be identified from the image background after monitoring for a period of time. Second, the identification accuracy for wear debris is greatly reduced by background noise because of oil getting dark after nmning a period of time. Therefore, the methods adopted in image processing are examined. Two main reasons for the problems in wear debris identification are generalized as follows. Generally, the binary threshold was determined by global image pixels, and was easily affected by the non-objective zone in the image. The boundary of the objective zone in the binary image was misrecognized because of oil color becoming lighter during monitoring. Accordingly, improvements were made as follows. The objective zone in a global binary image was identified by scanning a column of pixels, and then a secondary binary process confined in the objective zone was carried out to identify small wear debris. Linear filtering with a specific template was used to depress noise in a binary image, and then a low-pass filtering was performed to eliminate the residual noise. Furthermore, the morphology parameters of single wear debris were extracted by separating each wear debris by a gray stack, and two indexes, WRWR （relative wear rate） and WRWS （relative wear severity）, were proposed for wear description. New indexes were provided for on-line monitoring of engines.

Automatic analytical approach for the determination of 12 illicit drugs and nicotine metabolites in wastewater using on-line SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS

In this study,we developed a novel on-line solid phase extraction(SPE)-ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)-based analytical method for simultaneously quantifying 12 illicit drugs and metabolites(methamphetamine,amphetamine,morphine,codeine,6-monoacetylmorphine,benzoylecgonine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine,cocaine,ketamine,norketamine,and methcathinone)and cotinine(COT)in wastewater samples.The analysis was performed by loading 2 m L of the sample onto an Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridge and using a cleanup step(5%methanol)to eliminate interference with a total run time of 13 min.The isotope-labeled internal standard method was used to quantify the target substances and correct for unavoidable losses and matrix effects during the on-line SPE process.Typical analytical characteristics used for method validation were sensitivity,linearity,precision,repeatability,recovery,and matrix effects.The limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)of each target were set at 0.20 ng/L and 0.50 ng/L,respectively.The linearity was between 0.5 ng/L and250 ng/L,except for that of COT.The intra-and inter-day precisions were<10.45%and 25.64%,respectively,and the relative recovery ranged from 83.74%to 162.26%.The method was used to analyze various wastewater samples from 33 cities in China,and the results were compared with the experimental results of identical samples analyzed using off-line SPE.The difference rate was between 19.91%and-20.44%,and the error range could be considered acceptable.These findings showed that on-line SPE is a suitable alternative to off-line SPE for the analysis of illicit drugs in samples.

On-line coupling of derivatization with pre-concentration to determine trace levels of methotrexate

A new simple, sensitive and precise green analytical procedure using an automated packed-reactor derivatization technique coupled with on-line solid-phase enrichment （SPEn） has been developed and evaluated to determine trace levels of methotrexate （MTX）. The method was based on injection of MTX into a flowing stream of phosphate buffer （0.04 M, ptt 3.4）, carried through the packed oxidant reactor of Cerium （IV） trihydroxyhydroperoxide for oxidative cleavage of the drug into highly fluorescent product, 2,4-diaminopteridine- 6-carboxylic acid, followed by SPEn on a head of short ODS column （10mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 I＋tm particle size）. The flow rate was 0.25 mL/min and packed reactor temperaturc was 40 ~C. The trapped product was back-flush eluted from the ODS column to the detector by column-switching with an environmentally friendly mobile phase consisting of ethanol and phosphate buffer （0.04 M, pH 3.4） in the ratio of 5：95 （v/v）. The eluent was monitored at emission and excitation wavelengths of 460 and was linear over the concentration range of 1.25-50 360 nm, respectively. The calibration curve ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.08 ug/ml..The method was successfully applied to determine MTX in pharmaceutical formulations with mean percentage recovery ranging from 99.48 to 99.60.

Using a Visible Vision System for On-Line Determination of Quality Parameters of Olive Fruits

The increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards and the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continue to grow. In this situation, new techniques are necessary to enable on-line control of quality parameters. Computer vision provides one alternative for an automated, non-destructive and cost-effective technique in order to accomplish these requirements. The maturity index and sanitary conditions were objectively assessed on-line by image analysis obtained through machine vision, in which algorithms of colour-based segmentation, as well as the main operators to detect edges were used. The proposed methodology is able to estimate the maturity index and the percentage of defects in olives. In addition, this system can be potentially used on-line in the classification of olives, which means that it could help to improve the quality control of olive oil in factories.

Risk Analysis Using Multi-Source Data for Distribution Networks Facing Extreme Natural Disasters

Distribution networks denote important public infrastructure necessary for people’s livelihoods.However,extreme natural disasters,such as earthquakes,typhoons,and mudslides,severely threaten the safe and stable operation of distribution networks and power supplies needed for daily life.Therefore,considering the requirements for distribution network disaster prevention and mitigation,there is an urgent need for in-depth research on risk assessment methods of distribution networks under extreme natural disaster conditions.This paper accessesmultisource data,presents the data quality improvement methods of distribution networks,and conducts data-driven active fault diagnosis and disaster damage analysis and evaluation using data-driven theory.Furthermore,the paper realizes real-time,accurate access to distribution network disaster information.The proposed approach performs an accurate and rapid assessment of cross-sectional risk through case study.The minimal average annual outage time can be reduced to 3 h/a in the ring network through case study.The approach proposed in this paper can provide technical support to the further improvement of the ability of distribution networks to cope with extreme natural disasters.

Overview of Industrial Materials Detection Based on Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis Technology

Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) is a non-destructive online measurement nuclear analysis method. With its unique advantages, it has been widely used in online analysis of industrial materials such as coal, cement, and minerals in recent years. However, there are many kinds of literature on PGNAA in the field of industrial materials detection, and there are still a few concluding articles. To this end, based on the principle of PGNAA online analysis, the status quo and development of the real-time online detection of industrial material components in the field are reviewed and discussed by consulting a large number of domestic and foreign PGNAA related literature and data, to facilitate the reference of relevant scientific researchers.

An experiment-library least-squares method on on-line coal element contents analysis

A new experiment-library least-squares(experiment-LLs) method used in the neutron inelastic-scattering and thermal-capture analysis(NITA) technique for on-line coal analysis was developed,which has significantly decreased the non-linear radiation effects.In this method,sixty samples with preset elemental contents were made,from whose experimental spectra twenty single-element spectrum libraries corresponding to twenty kinds of coal were built using the least-squares method.The spectrum of the unknown sample was analyzed based on these twenty libraries to estimate its element contents.With the initial estimated result,the procedure of developing library and analysis was iterated to build a new library with the closest element contents to the unknown sample.Hence the experiment-LLs method can reduce non-linear radiation effects.The experiment-LLs method was performed on an improved coal analysis system which was equipped with a long-life 14 MeV pulsed-neutron generator,a bulk BGO detector with a temperature controller,a moisture meter and coal-smoothing device.The precisions of this system for ash content,water content,volatile content and calorific value have reached 1.0wt%,0.5wt%,1.0wt%,350 kJ/kg,respectively.

多功能雷达总体数据分析系统设计与实现

多功能一体化是雷达发展的必然趋势,随着功能的增加,多模式间切换频繁调度复杂,系统调试工作量呈指数增长,数据分析与管理的难度增大。为提高多功能雷达数据分析效率,辅助问题定位分析与系统状态检查,加快雷达研制进程,分析了总体数据分析在雷达研制和使用阶段的重要作用,研究了雷达总体数据分析软件的需求与系统设计,并通过Matlab进行实现。该软件可以分析雷达多环节数据,并以表格和图像的形式呈现分析结果。经过实验数据验证,该软件能够有效地提高分析效率,进行雷达状态判断和性能评估,快速发现与定位问题。

基于时频分析的机场跑道平整度评价方法

机场跑道平整度是道面评价的重要内容,目前常用的平整度评价方法无法确定不平整在跑道上的分布情况,也无法针对不同机型飞机的滑跑安全性进行分类评价。基于此,提出了一种基于时频分析的跑道平整度评价方法。基于飞机三自由度动力模型,采用参数化分析方法对飞机以不同速度在具有不同振幅、不同波长的不平整跑道上滑跑时飞机重心处竖向加速度均方根分布特征进行统计分析;反算飞机重心处竖向加速度均方根为0.25g和0.4g时对应的跑道不平整信号的振幅、波长与滑跑速度,建立基于跑道不平整信号频域信息与飞机滑跑速度的飞机滑跑安全振动判断曲面;采用S变换方法对机场跑道高程进行时频分析,得到跑道不同位置处不平整信号的波长与振幅分布曲面;分析飞机在跑道上不同位置的滑跑速度,以坐标位置代替滑跑速度,形成基于跑道不平整信号频域信息与跑道位置的飞机滑跑安全振动判断曲面;与S变换获得的曲面叠加,得到基于时频分析的跑道平整度评价曲面。与现有评价方法相比,所提方法可以对跑道具体位置的平整度情况进行评价,并能够根据不同的机型对跑道平整度分级评价。

对舆情精准研判的学理思考

在当今时代,存在着各类舆情勃发的土壤和条件。以公众心声为核心内容的舆情,内含政治诉求、经济诉求、文化诉求和心理诉求等,以自己的方式聚集、形成、传播、运行、起落。舆情研判是特定主体在对舆情所作的研究分析的基础上所作的判断。舆情精准研判须以正确认知和深刻理解舆情为起点、为基础。舆情和舆论联系紧密但并不能等同。精准研判舆情有赖于走出对舆情的认知误区。舆情是研判对象,研究、分析呈现为持续的过程,判断是舆情研判形成的结果。进行精准舆情研判须符合基本程序,准确把握舆情精准研判的精髓,实现“研”与“判”的有机结合,就动态发展的舆情进行研判。舆情精准研判的着重点是:关注引发舆情的种种情形,进而关注影响舆情起伏的各种重要的作用力,按舆情运行规律进行舆情研判。舆情精准研判的关键点有:抓好对始发点、聚焦点、转折点、引爆点舆情的研判。

不确定条件下作战筹划态势研判风险预测方法

针对战场态势不确定、复杂繁多导致研判过程风险预测准确性差的问题,提出构建态势-风险模型并构造风险可能性分布以实现对风险的精准预测。首先,从敌情、我情以及战场环境态势研判内容入手建立风险预测指标体系;其次,剖析态势信息对风险的作用方式,构建指数、Z型、正切等风险模型并计算风险取值区间;然后,以可能性理论中模糊函数构造法为基础,以权重差和不确定性测度为依托,在风险取值区间内构造风险可能性分布;最后,采用某防御任务实例,结合专家系统及云模型方法进行实验,验证了所提方法的可行性和合理性。结果表明,在风险预测时所提方法能够充分考虑态势信息的不确定性,为后续筹划决策制定提供了重要依据。

人格判断的非语言线索:基于微信交流的透镜模型分析

该研究考查了微信即时交流中人格判断的非语言线索,并运用透镜模型分析检验了这些线索在不同互动时长条件下对人格判断准确性的影响。结果表明:(1)除神经质外,大五人格其余四种特质总体的自我—他人一致性(SOA)均达到显著水平,平均SOA随互动时长增加而递增;(2)微信交流的非语言线索非常广泛,很多非语言线索在观察者的人格判断中是有效的和可用的;(3)在10min和20min组中,“字数”和“消息量”是外倾性的诊断性线索,“表情符号”和“文字重复”是宜人性与开放性的诊断性线索;(4)观察者对10min组的宜人性和外倾性线索以及20min组所有特质的线索敏感性均显著,且随互动时长增加而同步提高。

Theoretical Debates and Analysis of Legal Research Methods

Legal research methods refer to a general term for disciplined and systematic procedures, approaches, means, techniques, and models used by researchers to acquire novel and reliable legal knowledge. Several theoretical debates on the originality of legal research methods go on as follows: Is one legal research method superior to another? Do legal research methods aim for methodological independence? Are legal research methods objective or subjective? Influenced by scientism, positivism is usually considered to be the only reasonable research method, but since law is different from science, only using positivist research approaches is insufficient for solving legal problems. Strictly speaking, a method that is appropriate for the research subject is a reasonable method. As one of the humanities and social sciences, law has similarities with other disciplines in terms of the scope of research;therefore, its research methods could be borrowed from other disciplines. However, law cannot ignore the development of its own unique research methods while retaining its advantages. Legal research methods are supposed to be objective because they should follow scientific standards and have objective arguments, but inevitably, legal research would be subjective and full of value judgments since it means subjective and creative activities of researchers. Of course, the choice of values should preferably be made in the context of value-freeness to ensure the organic combination of value-freeness and value judgment.

证券网络安全事件应急响应评价研究

网络安全事件应急响应横跨多部门、涉及多层次、覆盖多范围,已成为常态化安全运营中关键链路环节,是证券业务稳定安全运行保障的重要核心支撑.针对证券业传统应急响应能力评价指标不统一且过于主观问题,提出了包含检测响应、止损阻断、分析溯源、清除恢复、加固复验的网络安全事件应急响应流程,涵盖工具运用、日志覆盖、人员技能、职责分工、通报处置、宣传教育指标体系的三级评价模型,运用模糊层次分析法确定各层次指标权重,采用专家判断方法建立评价指标集,引入模糊灰色综合评价方法对证券行业网络安全事件应急响应能力进行评价,并通过实例验证对指标数据进行分析汇总,实现了评价指标的量化展示.

一种快速诊断可控震源振动异常的方法

可控震源作为地球物理勘探的重要激发源,其激发质量好坏直接影响着地震资料的品质。当可控震源出现振动故障时,其激发质量也不受控,不合格的振动不但影响地震资料品质且会降低施工效率。当出现上述情况时,现场技术人员需要快速、准确地判断出故障点并进行修复,避免影响施工进度。传统的故障排除方法多是依靠技术人员的经验,本文提出了一种全新的故障诊断方法,通过对可控震源振动异常数据进行分析,精准判断出可控震源振动故障,从而降低一线技术人员对振动故障判断难度,提高维修效率,提高施工效率,保障激发品质。