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STRONGLY CONVERGENT INERTIAL FORWARD-BACKWARD-FORWARD ALGORITHM WITHOUT ON-LINE RULE FOR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES
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作者 姚永红 Abubakar ADAMU Yekini SHEHU 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期551-566,共16页
This paper studies a strongly convergent inertial forward-backward-forward algorithm for the variational inequality problem in Hilbert spaces.In our convergence analysis,we do not assume the on-line rule of the inerti... This paper studies a strongly convergent inertial forward-backward-forward algorithm for the variational inequality problem in Hilbert spaces.In our convergence analysis,we do not assume the on-line rule of the inertial parameters and the iterates,which have been assumed by several authors whenever a strongly convergent algorithm with an inertial extrapolation step is proposed for a variational inequality problem.Consequently,our proof arguments are different from what is obtainable in the relevant literature.Finally,we give numerical tests to confirm the theoretical analysis and show that our proposed algorithm is superior to related ones in the literature. 展开更多
关键词 forward-backward-forward algorithm inertial extrapolation variational inequality on-line rule
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Economic Power Dispatching from Distributed Generations: Review of Optimization Techniques
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作者 Paramjeet Kaur Krishna Teerth Chaturvedi Mohan Lal Kolhe 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2024年第3期557-579,共23页
In the increasingly decentralized energy environment,economical power dispatching from distributed generations(DGs)is crucial to minimizing operating costs,optimizing resource utilization,and guaranteeing a consistent... In the increasingly decentralized energy environment,economical power dispatching from distributed generations(DGs)is crucial to minimizing operating costs,optimizing resource utilization,and guaranteeing a consistent and sustainable supply of electricity.A comprehensive review of optimization techniques for economic power dispatching from distributed generations is imperative to identify the most effective strategies for minimizing operational costs while maintaining grid stability and sustainability.The choice of optimization technique for economic power dispatching from DGs depends on a number of factors,such as the size and complexity of the power system,the availability of computational resources,and the specific requirements of the application.Optimization techniques for economic power dispatching from distributed generations(DGs)can be classified into two main categories:(i)Classical optimization techniques,(ii)Heuristic optimization techniques.In classical optimization techniques,the linear programming(LP)model is one of the most popular optimization methods.Utilizing the LP model,power demand and network constraints are met while minimizing the overall cost of generating electricity from DGs.This approach is efficient in determining the best DGs dispatch and is capable of handling challenging optimization issues in the large-scale system including renewables.The quadratic programming(QP)model,a classical optimization technique,is a further popular optimization method,to consider non-linearity.The QP model can take into account the quadratic cost of energy production,with consideration constraints like network capacity,voltage,and frequency.The metaheuristic optimization techniques are also used for economic power dispatching from DGs,which include genetic algorithms(GA),particle swarm optimization(PSO),and ant colony optimization(ACO).Also,Some researchers are developing hybrid optimization techniques that combine elements of classical and heuristic optimization techniques with the incorporation of droop control,predictive control,and fuzzy-based methods.These methods can deal with large-scale systems with many objectives and non-linear,non-convex optimization issues.The most popular approaches are the LP and QP models,while more difficult problems are handled using metaheuristic optimization techniques.In summary,in order to increase efficiency,reduce costs,and ensure a consistent supply of electricity,optimization techniques are essential tools used in economic power dispatching from DGs. 展开更多
关键词 Economic power dispatching distributed generations decentralized energy cost minimization optimization techniques
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Wind farm active power dispatching algorithm based on Grey Incidence 被引量:2
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作者 Binbin Zhang Mengxin Jia +2 位作者 Chaobo Chen Kun Wang Jichao Li 《Global Energy Interconnection》 EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期175-183,共9页
This study proposes a wind farm active power dispatching(WFAPD) algorithm based on the grey incidence method, which does not rely on an accurate mathematical model of wind turbines. Based on the wind turbine start-sto... This study proposes a wind farm active power dispatching(WFAPD) algorithm based on the grey incidence method, which does not rely on an accurate mathematical model of wind turbines. Based on the wind turbine start-stop data at different wind speeds, the weighting coefficients, which are the participation degrees of a variable speed system and a variable pitch system in power regulation, are obtained using the grey incidence method. The incidence coefficient curve is fitted by the B-spline function at a full range of wind speeds, and the power regulation capacity of all wind turbines is obtained. Finally, the WFAPD algorithm, which is based on the regulating capacity of each wind turbine, is compared with the wind speed weighting power dispatching(WSWPD) algorithm in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the active power fluctuation of the wind farm is smaller, the rotating speed of wind turbines is smoother, and the fatigue load of highspeed turbines is effectively reduced. 展开更多
关键词 Wind farm Active power dispatching Grey incidence B-spline function
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Key technologies and applications of intelligent dispatching command for high-speed railway in China 被引量:1
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作者 Shuxin Ding Tao Zhang +2 位作者 Kai Sheng Yuanyuan Chen Zhiming Yuan 《Railway Sciences》 2023年第3期336-346,共11页
Purpose–The intelligent Central Traffic Control(CTC)system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway(HSR)system.As the core of HSR transportation command,the intelligent CTC system is a new... Purpose–The intelligent Central Traffic Control(CTC)system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway(HSR)system.As the core of HSR transportation command,the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching.This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.Design/methodology/approach–This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system.Some new servers,terminals and interfaces are introduced,which are plan adjustment server/terminal,interface for automatic train operation(ATO),interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment(DMS),interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(PSCADA),interface for Disaster Monitoring,etc.Findings–The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans,safety control of train routes and commands,traffic information data platform,integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function.These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR,which commenced operations at the end of 2019.Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity,ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR,reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China’s dispatching system.Originality/value–This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR.To achieve the objectives,new measures need to be conducted,including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command,coping with new requirements with the development of China’s railway signaling system,the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods. 展开更多
关键词 High-speed railway Intelligent dispatching command Intelligent centralized traffic control Key technologies and application
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One-step Eco-friendly Fabrication of Antibacterial Polyester Via On-line Amination Reaction by Melt Coextrusion
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作者 ZHANG Huan ZHAO Qinghua +4 位作者 ZHONG Yaping CAI Ruiyan LIU Ke WANG Dong LU Zhentan 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第5期1205-1212,共8页
The work is dedicated to develop a one-step eco-friendly method to prepare antibacterial polyethylene terephthalate(PET).We report a one-step eco-friendly method to manufacture antibacterial PET via on-line amination ... The work is dedicated to develop a one-step eco-friendly method to prepare antibacterial polyethylene terephthalate(PET).We report a one-step eco-friendly method to manufacture antibacterial PET via on-line amination reaction by melt coextrusion.Beside evenly mixing of poly(hexamethylene guanidine)(PHMG)and PET in the melt coextrusion procedure,the amination reaction also occurred between PHMG and PET under high temperature(230-270℃).The antibacterial ability of composite PET showed obvious PHMG concentration dependence,and antibacterial activity reached more than 99%when PHMG content was 2.5 wt%.Moreover,LIVE/DEAD fluorescence test further confirmed that the composite PET could kill bacteria quickly and efiectively(within 30 min);while negligible cytotoxicity was observed to HSF and HUVEC cells.Onestep eco-friendly fabrication of composite antibacterial PET was accomplished by on-line melt coextrusion.The composite antibacterial PET has potential use in multiple fields to combat with pathogenic including textiles,packaging materials,decoration materials and biomedical devices,etc. 展开更多
关键词 antibacterial polyester one-step eco-friendly method on-line amination reaction melt coextrusion cytocompatibility
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Two-Stage Optimal Dispatching of Wind Power-Photovoltaic-Solar Thermal Combined System Considering Economic Optimality and Fairness
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作者 Weijun Li Xin Die +2 位作者 Zhicheng Ma Jinping Zhang Haiying Dong 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2023年第4期1001-1022,共22页
Aiming at the problems of large-scale wind and solar grid connection,how to ensure the economy of system operation and how to realize fair scheduling between new energy power stations,a two-stage optimal dispatching m... Aiming at the problems of large-scale wind and solar grid connection,how to ensure the economy of system operation and how to realize fair scheduling between new energy power stations,a two-stage optimal dispatching model of wind power-photovoltaic-solar thermal combined system considering economic optimality and fairness is proposed.Firstly,the first stage dispatching model takes the overall economy optimization of the system as the goal and the principle of maximizing the consumption of wind and solar output,obtains the optimal output value under the economic conditions of each new energy station,and then obtains the maximum consumption space of the new energy station.Secondly,based on the optimization results of the first stage,the second stage dispatching model uses the dispatching method of fuzzy comprehensive ranking priority to prioritize the new energy stations,and then makes a fair allocation to the dispatching of the wind and solar stations.Finally,the analysis of a specific example shows that themodel can take into account the fairness of active power distribution of new energy stations on the basis of ensuring the economy of system operation,make full use of the consumption space,and realize the medium and long-term fairness distribution of dispatching plan. 展开更多
关键词 Economic optimality FAIRNESS combined power generation the fuzzy comprehensive ranking priority optimal dispatching
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Cloud-Edge Collaborative Federated GAN Based Data Processing for IoT-Empowered Multi-Flow Integrated Energy Aggregation Dispatch
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作者 Zhan Shi 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第7期973-994,共22页
The convergence of Internet of Things(IoT),5G,and cloud collaboration offers tailored solutions to the rigorous demands of multi-flow integrated energy aggregation dispatch data processing.While generative adversarial... The convergence of Internet of Things(IoT),5G,and cloud collaboration offers tailored solutions to the rigorous demands of multi-flow integrated energy aggregation dispatch data processing.While generative adversarial networks(GANs)are instrumental in resource scheduling,their application in this domain is impeded by challenges such as convergence speed,inferior optimality searching capability,and the inability to learn from failed decision making feedbacks.Therefore,a cloud-edge collaborative federated GAN-based communication and computing resource scheduling algorithm with long-term constraint violation sensitiveness is proposed to address these challenges.The proposed algorithm facilitates real-time,energy-efficient data processing by optimizing transmission power control,data migration,and computing resource allocation.It employs federated learning for global parameter aggregation to enhance GAN parameter updating and dynamically adjusts GAN learning rates and global aggregation weights based on energy consumption constraint violations.Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces data processing latency,energy consumption,and convergence time. 展开更多
关键词 IOT federated learning generative adversarial network data processing multi-flowintegration energy aggregation dispatch
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A PI+R Control Scheme Based on Multi-Agent Systems for Economic Dispatch in Isolated BESSs
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作者 Yalin Zhang Zhongxin Liu Zengqiang Chen 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第10期2154-2165,共12页
Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are widely used in smart grids.However,power consumed by inner impedance and the capacity degradation of each battery unit become particularly severe,which has resulted in an incre... Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are widely used in smart grids.However,power consumed by inner impedance and the capacity degradation of each battery unit become particularly severe,which has resulted in an increase in operating costs.The general economic dispatch(ED)algorithm based on marginal cost(MC)consensus is usually a proportional(P)controller,which encounters the defects of slow convergence speed and low control accuracy.In order to solve the distributed ED problem of the isolated BESS network with excellent dynamic and steady-state performance,we attempt to design a proportional integral(PI)controller with a reset mechanism(PI+R)to asymptotically promote MC consensus and total power mismatch towards 0 in this paper.To be frank,the integral term in the PI controller is reset to 0 at an appropriate time when the proportional term undergoes a zero crossing,which accelerates convergence,improves control accuracy,and avoids overshoot.The eigenvalues of the system under a PI+R controller is well analyzed,ensuring the regularity of the system and enabling the reset mechanism.To ensure supply and demand balance within the isolated BESSs,a centralized reset mechanism is introduced,so that the controller is distributed in a flow set and centralized in a jump set.To cope with Zeno behavior and input delay,a dwell time that the system resides in a flow set is given.Based on this,the system with input delays can be reduced to a time-delay free system.Considering the capacity limitation of the battery,a modified MC scheme with PI+R controller is designed.The correctness of the designed scheme is verified through relevant simulations. 展开更多
关键词 Battery energy storage system(BESS) distributed control economic dispatch multi-agent system reset control
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Energy Economic Dispatch for Photovoltaic-Storage via Distributed Event-Triggered Surplus Algorithm
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作者 Kaicheng Liu Chen Liang +2 位作者 Naiyue Wu Xiaoyang Dong Hui Yu 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2024年第9期2621-2637,共17页
This paper presents a novel approach to economic dispatch in smart grids equipped with diverse energy devices.This method integrates features including photovoltaic(PV)systems,energy storage coupling,varied energy rol... This paper presents a novel approach to economic dispatch in smart grids equipped with diverse energy devices.This method integrates features including photovoltaic(PV)systems,energy storage coupling,varied energy roles,and energy supply and demand dynamics.The systemmodel is developed by considering energy devices as versatile units capable of fulfilling various functionalities and playing multiple roles simultaneously.To strike a balance between optimality and feasibility,renewable energy resources are modeled with considerations for forecasting errors,Gaussian distribution,and penalty factors.Furthermore,this study introduces a distributed event-triggered surplus algorithm designed to address the economic dispatch problem by minimizing production costs.Rooted in surplus theory and finite time projection,the algorithm effectively rectifies network imbalances caused by directed graphs and addresses local inequality constraints.The algorithm greatly reduces the communication burden through event triggering mechanism.Finally,both theoretical proofs and numerical simulations verify the convergence and event-triggered nature of the algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 Fully distributed algorithm economic dispatch directed graph renewable energy resource
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Collaborative robust dispatch of electricity and carbon under carbon allowance trading market
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作者 Songyu Wu Xiaoyan Qi +4 位作者 Xiang Li Xuanyu Liu Bolin Tong Feiyu Zhang Zhong Zhang 《Global Energy Interconnection》 EI CSCD 2024年第4期391-401,共11页
The launch of the carbon-allowance trading market has changed the cost structure of the power industry.There is an asynchronous coupling mechanism between the carbon-allowance-trading market and the day-ahead power-sy... The launch of the carbon-allowance trading market has changed the cost structure of the power industry.There is an asynchronous coupling mechanism between the carbon-allowance-trading market and the day-ahead power-system dispatch.In this study,a data-driven model of the uncertainty in the annual carbon price was created.Subsequently,a collaborative,robust dispatch model was constructed considering the annual uncertainty of the carbon price and the daily uncertainty of renewable-energy generation.The model is solved using the column-and-constraint generation algorithm.An operation and cost model of a carbon-capture power plant(CCPP)that couples the carbon market and the economic operation of the power system is also established.The critical,profitable conditions for the economic operation of the CCPP were derived.Case studies demonstrated that the proposed low-carbon,robust dispatch model reduced carbon emissions by 2.67%compared with the traditional,economic,dispatch method.The total fuel cost of generation decreases with decreasing,conservative,carbon-price-uncertainty levels,while total carbon emissions continue to increase.When the carbon-quota coefficient decreases,the system dispatch tends to increase low-carbon unit output.This study can provide important guidance for carbon-market design and the low-carbon-dispatch selection strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Asynchronous coupling mechanism Collaborative robust optimization Carbon price uncertainty Carbon capture power plant Low carbon dispatch
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Grey Wolf Optimizer to Real Power Dispatch with Non-Linear Constraints
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作者 G.R.Venkatakrishnan R.Rengaraj S.Salivahanan 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2018年第4期25-45,共21页
A new and efficient Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)algorithm is implemented to solve real power economic dispatch(RPED)problems in this paper.The nonlinear RPED problem is one the most important and fundamental optimizati... A new and efficient Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)algorithm is implemented to solve real power economic dispatch(RPED)problems in this paper.The nonlinear RPED problem is one the most important and fundamental optimization problem which reduces the total cost in generating real power without violating the constraints.Conventional methods can solve the ELD problem with good solution quality with assumptions assigned to fuel cost curves without which these methods lead to suboptimal or infeasible solutions.The behavior of grey wolves which is mimicked in the GWO algorithm are leadership hierarchy and hunting mechanism.The leadership hierarchy is simulated using four types of grey wolves.In addition,searching,encircling and attacking of prey are the social behaviors implemented in the hunting mechanism.The GWO algorithm has been applied to solve convex RPED problems considering the all possible constraints.The results obtained from GWO algorithm are compared with other state-ofthe-art algorithms available in the recent literatures.It is found that the GWO algorithm is able to provide better solution quality in terms of cost,convergence and robustness for the considered ELD problems. 展开更多
关键词 GREY WOLF optimization(GWO) constraints power generation dispatch EVOLUTIONARY computation computational COMPLEXITY algorithms
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Decision model and algorithm for traffic rescue resource dispatching on expressway 被引量:6
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作者 柴干 朱苍晖 +1 位作者 万水 濮居一 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2009年第2期252-256,共5页
In order to solve the problems of potential incident rescue on expressway networks, the opportunity cost-based method is used to establish a resource dispatch decision model. The model aims to dispatch the rescue reso... In order to solve the problems of potential incident rescue on expressway networks, the opportunity cost-based method is used to establish a resource dispatch decision model. The model aims to dispatch the rescue resources from the regional road networks and to obtain the location of the rescue depots and the numbers of service vehicles assigned for the potential incidents. Due to the computational complexity of the decision model, a scene decomposition algorithm is proposed. The algorithm decomposes the dispatch problem from various kinds of resources to a single resource, and determines the original scene of rescue resources based on the rescue requirements and the resource matrix. Finally, a convenient optimal dispatch scheme is obtained by decomposing each original scene and simplifying the objective function. To illustrate the application of the decision model and the algorithm, a case of the expressway network is studied on areas around Nanjing city in China and the results show that the model used and the algorithm proposed are appropriate. 展开更多
关键词 dispatch decision model scene decomposition algorithm traffic rescue resource EXPRESSWAY
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Multi-Sensor Intelligent System for On-Line and Real-Time Moneitoring Tool Cutting State in FMS 被引量:1
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作者 徐春广 王信义 +1 位作者 邢济收 杨大勇 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 1997年第3期258-266,共9页
The principle and the constitution of an intelligent system for on-line and real-time montitoring tool cutting state were discussed and a synthetic sensors schedule combined a new type fluid acoustic emission sens... The principle and the constitution of an intelligent system for on-line and real-time montitoring tool cutting state were discussed and a synthetic sensors schedule combined a new type fluid acoustic emission sensor (AE) with motor current sensor was presented. The parallel communication between control system of machine tools, the monitoring intelligent system,and several decision-making systems for identifying tool cutting state was established It can auto - matically select the sensor way ,monitoring mode and identifying method in machining process- ing so as to build a successful and effective intelligent system for on -line and real-time moni- toring cutting tool states in FMS. 展开更多
关键词 tool cutting state on-line monitoring intelligent system acoustic emission sensor
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Optimal dispatching method of traffic incident rescue resource for freeway network 被引量:1
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作者 柴干 冉旭 夏井新 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2013年第3期336-341,共6页
An optimal resource dispatching method is proposed to solve the multiple-response problem under the conditions of potential incidents on freeway networks.Travel time of the response vehicle is selected instead of rout... An optimal resource dispatching method is proposed to solve the multiple-response problem under the conditions of potential incidents on freeway networks.Travel time of the response vehicle is selected instead of route distance as the weight to reflect the impact of traffic conditions on the decisions of rescue resources.According to the characteristics of different types of rescue vehicles the dispatching decision-making time is revised to show the heterogeneity among different rescue vehicle dispatching modes. The genetic algorithm is used to obtain the solutions to the rescue resources dispatching model. A case study shows that the proposed method can accurately reveal the impact of potential incidents on the costs of rescues according to the variations in the types and quantities of rescue resources and the optimal dispatching plan with respect to potential incidents can be obtained.The proposed method is applicable in real world scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 optimal dispatching potential incident GENETICALGORITHM rescue resource freeway network
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On-line机行血液透析滤过两种稀释模式效果的临床观察 被引量:2
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作者 易铁钢 祁爱蓉 程淑碧 《中国血液净化》 2004年第1期41-42,47,共3页
关键词 on-line 血液透析滤过 稀释模式 HDF 治疗 血液净化
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On-line hemodiafiltration技术和临床应用 被引量:25
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作者 谢红浪 季大玺 《肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志》 CAS CSCD 2005年第4期377-381,共5页
关键词 血液净化 肾脏疾病 临床 on-line 临床应用 肾脏替代治疗 终末期肾脏疾病 血液透析滤过 常规血液透析 生物相容性
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On-line血液透析滤过对移植肾功能延迟恢复的影响 被引量:1
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作者 余权星 刘强 +2 位作者 杜艺 李宓 彭莉 《中国血液净化》 2004年第4期192-193,200,共3页
目的 研究On -line血液透析滤过 (HDF)在移植肾功能延迟恢复患者中的应用。方法 我院2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 7月肾移植术后发生移植肾功能延迟恢复患者 38例 ,2 9例采用Freseniuson -lineHDF透析机 ,F6 0透析器 ,透析滤过时间 3~... 目的 研究On -line血液透析滤过 (HDF)在移植肾功能延迟恢复患者中的应用。方法 我院2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 7月肾移植术后发生移植肾功能延迟恢复患者 38例 ,2 9例采用Freseniuson -lineHDF透析机 ,F6 0透析器 ,透析滤过时间 3~ 4h ,血流量在 180~ 2 5 0ml/min ,置换液采取前稀释法 ,9例行HD治疗 ,采用GambroAK2 0 0透析机 ,F7透析器。结果  38例移植肾功能延迟恢复患者 ,2 9例用联机血液透析滤过 ,平均肾功能恢复时间为 ( 11.2± 5 .6 )天 ,治疗期间收缩压变化在 110~ 170mmHg,透析期间低血压发生率为 2 .6 % ,9例HD治疗者平均肾功能恢复时间为 ( 2 2 .3± 15 .7)天 ,透析期间低血压发生率为 13.2 %。结论 与HD比较 ,On -lineHDF对血压影响较小 ,可缩短移植肾功能恢复的时间。 展开更多
关键词 on-line血液透析 肾功能 肾移植 HDF
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Development and Application of On-Line Corrosion Monitoring Device for Condenser Tube 被引量:1
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作者 曹杰玉 宋敬霞 +2 位作者 汪德良 龙国军 孙本达 《Electricity》 2004年第2期31-35,共5页
This paper introduces the development and industrial application of an on-line corrosion monitoring device for condenser tubes. Corrosion sensors are made up of representative condenser tubes chosen by eddy current te... This paper introduces the development and industrial application of an on-line corrosion monitoring device for condenser tubes. Corrosion sensors are made up of representative condenser tubes chosen by eddy current test, which enable the monitoring result to be consistent with the corrosion of actual condenser tubes. Localized corrosion rate of condenser tubes can be measured indirectly by a galvanic couple made up of tube segments with and without pits. Using this technology, corrosion problems can be found in time and accurately, and anticorrosive measures be made more economic and effective. Applications in two power plants showed the corrosion measurements are fast and accurate. 展开更多
关键词 condenser tube CORROSION on-line monitoring INSTRUMENTATION
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平行机的实时到达on-line算法下界的改进 被引量:1
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作者 陈仕平 姚恩瑜 《高校应用数学学报(A辑)》 CSCD 北大核心 1999年第3期315-318,共4页
本文考虑了平行机实时到达的在线问题.模型中,工件是陆续到达的,工件的个数、到达时间是事先未知的,而且只有当工件到达,才知其加工时间,目标是使所有工件都加工完的时间达到最小.Chen与Vestjens(1996年)证明... 本文考虑了平行机实时到达的在线问题.模型中,工件是陆续到达的,工件的个数、到达时间是事先未知的,而且只有当工件到达,才知其加工时间,目标是使所有工件都加工完的时间达到最小.Chen与Vestjens(1996年)证明了该在线问题不存在性能比小于1.3473的on-line算法.本文将此界改进为(5-5)/2. 展开更多
关键词 排序 on-line算法 平行机 组合最优化 实时到达
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Effects of on-line solution and off-line heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy 被引量:1
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作者 徐玉磊 张奎 +3 位作者 李兴刚 雷健 袁海波 刘正 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第11期2652-2658,共7页
The effects of on-line solution, off-line solution and aging heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the die-cast AZ91D alloys were investigated. Brinell hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy increases through... The effects of on-line solution, off-line solution and aging heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the die-cast AZ91D alloys were investigated. Brinell hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy increases through on-line solution and off-line aging treatment but decreases after off-line solution treatment. By X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, it is found that the microstructures of the die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy before and after on-line solution and off-line aging are similar, consisting of α-Mg and β-Al12Mg17. The precipitation of Al element is prevented by on-line solution so that the effect of solid solution strengthening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases precipitate from supersaturated Mg solid solution after off-line aging treatment, and lead to microstructure refinement of AZ91D alloy, so the effect of precipitation hardening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases dissolve in the substructure after off-line solution treatment, which leads to that the grain boundary strengthening phase is reduced significantly and the hardness of die cast AZ91D is reduced. 展开更多
关键词 die-cast magnesium alloy AZ91D alloy on-line solution off-line solution treatment aging treatment β-Al12Mg17 phases microstructure refinement precipitation hardening
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