A dual-RPA based lateral flow strip for sensitive,on-site detection of CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac genes in genetically modified crops

Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.

Reflections and Improvements on China’s Asset-Backed Securities Information Disclosure System

Asset-backed securities are developed through complex processes such as asset restructuring and credit enhancement.Therefore,the information asymmetry between issuers and investors is greater compared to traditional securities,which imposes higher requirements on information disclosure for asset-backed securities.Asset-backed securities have characteristics such as diversified disclosers,differentiated disclosure content,and specialized risk factors.China has already formulated a series of rules and regulations regarding information disclosure of asset-backed securities.It is imperative to develop specialized laws and regulations for asset-backed securities,encompass original equity holders and credit enhancement agencies as information disclosers,incorporate information such as underlying asset details,cash flow projections,and credit ratings and enhancements into the disclosure content,and improve the legal liability rules to effectively address false disclosures.

Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt funds.Consequently,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making investments.This study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to 2019.The results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned enterprises.Instrumental variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative relationships.Furthermore,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market competition.These findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

Role of macroscopic on-site evaluation of endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy:Results of a multicentric prospective study

BACKGROUND The concept of macroscopic on-site evaluation(MOSE)was introduced in 2015 when the endoscopist observed better diagnostic yield when the macroscopically visible core on MOSE was superior to 4 mm.Recent studies suggest that MOSE by the endoscopist may be an excellent alternative to rapid on-site evaluation,and some classi-fications have been published.Few studies have assessed the adequacy of histologic cores in MOSE during endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy(EUS-FNA/FNB).AIM To evaluate the performance of MOSE during EUS-FNA/FNB.METHODS This multicentric prospective study was conducted in 16 centers in 3 countries(Egypt,Iraq,and Morocco)and included 1108 patients with pancreatic,biliary,or gastrointestinal pathology who were referred for EUS examination.We prospectively analyzed the MOSE in 1008 patients with available histopathological reports according to 2 classifications to determine the adequacy of the histological core samples.Data management and analysis were performed using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)version 27.RESULTS A total of 1074 solid lesions were biopsied in 1008 patients with available cytopathological reports.Mean age was 59 years,and 509 patients(50.5%)were male.The mean lesion size was 38 mm.The most frequently utilized needles were FNB-Franseen(74.5%)and 22 G(93.4%),with a median of 2 passes.According to 2 classifications,618 non-bloody cores(61.3%)and 964 good samples(95.6%)were adequate for histological evaluation.The overall diagnostic yield of cytopathology was 95.5%.The cytological examination confirmed the diagnosis of malignancy in 861 patients(85.4%),while 45 samples(4.5%)were inconclusive.Post-procedural adverse events occurred in 33 patients(3.3%).Statistical analysis showed a difference between needle types(P=0.035)with a high sensitivity of FNB(97%).The analysis of the relationship between the MOSE-score and the final diagnosis showed a significant difference between the different scores of the MOSE(P<0.001).CONCLUSION MOSE is a simple method that allows endoscopists to increase needle passes to improve sample quality.There is significantly higher FNB sensitivity and cytopathology diagnostic yield with good MOSE cores.

The Impact of Short Selling Disclosure Regulatory Constraint on the Lending Market and Stock Ownership

We examine the impact of the short sell disclosure(SSD)regime on the stock lending market and investor behaviors,employing a staggered difference-indifference(DiD)methodology.Our research reveals that the introduction of the disclosure regime enhances market transparency,resulting in a diminished appeal of stock ownership in the lending market for active investors.This shift is accompanied by a reduction in information leakage risks and longer loan durations.Specifically,our analysis reveals a significant decrease in the risk of loan recall by 4.87%,accompanied by an average increase of 23.72%in loan duration for short selling activities.Furthermore,the cost associated with short-sell disclosure causes a decline in both lending supply and short demand.

Correlation Analysis between Self-Disclosure and Social Support in Patients with Breast Cancer

Objective: Describe the status quo of self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients and analyze the correlation between them. Methods: General data questionnaire, distress disclosure Index scale and Chinese version of medical social support scale were used to investigate the correlation between self-disclosure and social support in breast cancer patients by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: 1) The total self-disclosure score was (38.75 ± 9.18);the total score of social support was (70.57 ± 14.04) scores, including emotional information support dimension (28.39 ± 6.06) scores, practical support dimension (15.62 ± 3.31) scores, elastic support dimension (14.85 ± 3.23) scores, and emotional support dimension (11.70 ± 2.56) scores. 2) Self-disclosure was positively correlated with social support (r = 0.433, p Conclusion: Breast cancer patients had a moderate level of self-disclosure, and the higher the level of self-disclosure, the better the social support. It is suggested that improving the self-disclosure level of breast cancer patients can help them obtain more social support.

开放数据服务价值研究——以Smart Disclosure为例

[目的/意义]近年开放数据运动在全球范围内蓬勃发展,欧美政府开放数据领域出现一种新型数据服务方式——Smart Disclosure,为我国在该领域发展提供实践策略。[方法/过程]重点剖析英美三个典型项目:"midata"、M oney Advice Service和"蓝绿按钮",介绍开放数据驱动创新的背景,调查英美政府开放的优先数据类型,讨论该类项目的经济价值。[结果/结论]提出推进我国开放政府数据创新服务的三种途径:利用数据驱动创新,优先开放民生领域数据,鼓励企业开放数据。

A Method of Eliminating Information Disclosure in View Publishing

Although it is convenient to exchange data by publishing view, but it may disclose sensitive information. The problem of how to eliminate information disclosure becomes a core problem in the view publishing process. In order to eliminate information disclosure, deciding view security algorithm and eliminating information disclosure algorithm are proposed, and the validity of the algorithms are proved by experiment. The experimental results showing, deciding view security algorithm can decide the safety of a set of views under prior knowledge, and eliminating information disclosure algorithm can eliminate disclosure efficiently.

Rapid on-site evaluation of endoscopic-ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of pancreatic masses

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become an essential tool for the study of pancreatic diseases. Specifically, EUS plays a pivotal role evaluating patients with a known or suspected pancreatic mass. In this setting, differential diagnosis remains a clinical challenge. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and fine-needle biopsy (FNB) have been proven to be safe and useful tools in this setting. EUS-guided FNA and FNB, by obtaining cytological and/or histological samples, are able to diagnose pancreatic lesions with high sensitivity and specificity. In this context, several methodological features, trying to increase the diagnostic yield of EUS-guided FNA and FNB, have been evaluated. In this review, we focus on the role of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). From data reported in the literature, ROSE may increase diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA specimens by 10%-30%, and thus, diagnostic accuracy. However, we should point out that many recent studies have reported adequacy rates of &#x0003e; 90% without ROSE, indicating that, perhaps, at high-volume centers, ROSE may not be indispensable to achieve excellent results. The use of ROSE can be considered important during the learning curve of EUS-FNA, and also in hospital with diagnostic accuracy rates &#x0003c; 90%.

Improved edge lightweight YOLOv4 and its application in on-site power system work

A“cloud-edge-end”collaborative system architecture is adopted for real-time security management of power system on-site work,and mobile edge computing equipment utilizes lightweight intelligent recognition algorithms for on-site risk assessment and alert.Owing to its lightweight and fast speed,YOLOv4-Tiny is often deployed on edge computing equipment for real-time video stream detection;however,its accuracy is relatively low.This study proposes an improved YOLOv4-Tiny algorithm based on attention mechanism and optimized training methods,achieving higher accuracy without compromising the speed.Specifically,a convolution block attention module branch is added to the backbone network to enhance the feature extraction capability and an efficient channel attention mechanism is added in the neck network to improve feature utilization.Moreover,three optimized training methods:transfer learning,mosaic data augmentation,and label smoothing are used to improve the training effect of this improved algorithm.Finally,an edge computing equipment experimental platform equipped with an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX chip is established and the newly developed algorithm is tested on it.According to the results,the speed of the improved YOLOv4-Tiny algorithm in detecting on-site dress code compliance datasets is 17.25 FPS,and the mean average precision(mAP)is increased from 70.89%to 85.03%.

Disclosure of Parental HIV Positive Status: What, Why, When, and How Parents Tell Their Children in the Era of HAART in South Africa

The aim of the study was to explore the decision to and the process of disclosure of parental HIV status to children. Focus group interviews were conducted with 21 parents of 39 children aged 7 - 18 years. Participants were recruited from a highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) program of an academic hospital in South Africa. Parents disclosed more to older children than to younger children in the same family, and the breadth and depth of the information shared was depended on the age of the child. Communication with adolescent children included topics on HIV prevention and unsafe sexual practices. For parents with a long history of sickness, disclosure occurred soon after the diagnosis was made, when they had not commenced with antiretroviral treatment (ART). They disclosed to prepare their children for HIV related emergencies and imminent death. Parents also expected support from their older children after disclosure. Some parents were forced to disclose because children suspected their HIV status, and parents could not continue to hide symptoms like severe weight loss. In addition, parents disclosed to educate children on how to protect themselves from HIV infection. For most parents, disclosure was unplanned, emotive, and burdened with anxiety and fear of rejection by their children. However, when the decision to disclose was made, parents were honest and open and informed their children that they were HIV positive. Parents may benefit from disclosure support services, and health care providers can assist parents in deciding when and how to disclose.

A Comparative Analysis of Disclosures in Annual Reports

Public companies issue periodic annual reports to give information about the past financial and operational results while presenting the future strategies. Companies release non-financial information concerned with corporate sustainability issues like market share, customer loyalty, supply chain management, corporate governance, and human resources in annual reports as well as the audited financial reports. Annual reports, one of the important instruments of transparency and disclosure, are widely used by shareholders and stakeholders. Recent laws and regulations in the US, European Union, and Turkey require enhanced disclosures in annual reports. In the first part of this study, a comparative regulatory framework for annual reports will be established under the Sarbanes Oxley Act （SOX）, the Securities and Exchange Commission （SEC） filing requirements, the New Turkish Commercial Code, and regulations of Capital Markets Board （CMB） of Turkey. In the second part of this study, annual reports of four sample companies listed in the New York Stock Exchange （NYSE） and Corporate Governance Index of Borsa Istanbul will be discussed in the light of disclosure requirements of Form 20-F. Findings of this study support the hypothesis which states that regulatory environment has a positive impact on the quantity and quality of disclosures. Attention is drawn to the need for global standardization to reduce the reporting variances and the need for independent audit of annual reports to increase the reliability.

Evolution of corporate environmental information disclosure framework of “knowledge and action”: Based on big data background

Cloud accounting is based on the traditional financial work process, the context of big data, and the necessary trend of future corporate accounting development. Its emergence and rapid development will have a fundamental impact on corporate environmental information disclosure. In the big data era of information sharing, companies will have a new understanding of the emergence, balance, and final consideration of social responsibility, and will have new changes in their overall decision-making and information disclosure methods. "Knowing" and "behavior" will be combined on the basis of rational judgment, so that corporate environmental information disclosure is more in line with the overall social development requirements. Based on the background of big data, this article starts with the disclosure of impact factors, footholds, and path choices. It describes the evolution of corporate environmental information disclosure and provides reference suggestions for enterprises to disclose environmental information truthfully and perform social responsibilities.

Cheesy material on macroscopic on-site evaluation after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy:Don't miss the tuberculosis

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)is an excellent investigation to diagnose pancreatic lesions and has shown high accuracy for its use in pathologic diagnosis.Recently,macroscopic on-site evaluation(MOSE)performed by an endoscopist was introduced as an alternative to rapid on-site cytologic evaluation to increase the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNB.The MOSE of the biopsy can estimate the adequacy of the sample directly by the macroscopic evaluation of the core tissue obtained from EUS-FNB.Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose because of its non-specific signs and symptoms.Therefore,this challenging diagnosis is based on endoscopy,imaging,and the bacteriological and histological examination of tissue biopsies.This uncommon presentation of tuberculosis can be revealed as pancreatic mass mimicking cancer.EUS-FNB can be very useful in providing a valuable histopathological diagnosis.A calcified lesion with a cheesy core in MOSE must be suggestive of tuberculosis,leading to the request of the GeneXpert,which can detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis deoxyribonucleic acid and resistance to rifampicin.A decent diagnostic strategy is crucial to prevent unnecessary surgical resection and to supply conservative management with antitubercular therapy.

Accounting standards, disclosure requirements and foreign company listings on stock exchanges

Some have claimed that there would be more foreign companies listed on American stock exchanges if foreign companies could use International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） instead of American generally accepted accounting principles （GAAP） and could be exempted from some of the disclosure requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In spite of these requirements, as of December 31, 2007, there are approximately 421 non-U.S, companies valued at $11.4 trillion listed on the New York Stock Exchange （NYSE）. Of these 421 companies, 41 companies are from China. This study examines the reasons for Chinese companies choosing to list on the New York Stock Exchange and their experiences with incremental disclosure and listing requirements on the Shanghai, Hong Kong, London, and New York stock exchanges. The lesson for foreign companies everywhere should be that foreign companies should search for those cross listings adding value and not be searching for countries and stock exchanges with weak disclosure and listing requirements.

Disclosure on Intellectual Capital in the Age of Industry 4.0:Evidence From Italian Capital Market

Matter of interest is the disclosure on intellectual capital(IC)in the era of global“knowledge economy”or global“knowledge society”.The aim of the paper is to verify the level of disclosure that Italian companies have on the components and on the relevance of their IC.Using the“content analysis”and a specific method already tested in managerial literature,we propose a report that measures the intellectual capital with the adoption of 21 functional indicators,which consider specific aspects of intangible assets of a firm.Applying the content analysis to financial statements of 56 companies included in five super-sector stock indexes of Italian equity market,we find that the level of overall disclosure is,on average,moderate but increasing.Observing a disclosure index based on the specific components of intellectual capital considered in this research,all the aspects of IC have benefited,on average,of an improvement in the level of external communication.This paper represents an improvement of a paper presented at the Symorg Conference regarding the empirical analysis.At the same time,it is just the first step of a wider research that aims to verify the relationships existing between IC,firm performances,and market capitalization.

Research on Internal Control Information Disclosure of Real Estate Industry-Taking Taihe Group as an Example

After the outbreak of the Enron incident in the United States, China’s attention to internal control information disclosure has gradually increased. As a pillar industry of the national economy, real estate industry internal control system is sound, which has an important impact on social stability and healthy economic development. Therefore, this paper selects a company in the real estate industry, through the analysis of its internal control information disclosure, finds out its existing problems, and puts forward practical and feasible suggestions.

The Effect of the 2007/2008 Financial Crisis on Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure of Top US Banks

We document the effect of the 2007/2008 financial crisis on the volume and the quality of enterprise risk management （ERM） disclosure in the annual reports of the largest US banks, and analyze its determinants. Using a content analysis approach of the annual reports form 10-K for the years 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009, we find that the ERM disclosure is significantly and positively associated with the crisis, bank size, board independence, duality and significantly and negatively associated with profitability, leverage, and board size. This paper seeks to fill a gap in the literature by investigating the effect of the crisis on ERM disclosure in the US banking sector context, and gives an insight into the factors affecting risk disclosure practices during the financial crisis.

The extent of voluntary disclosure in an emerging capital market： The case of Jordan

This study evaluates the extent of voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of non-financial companies listed at the Amman Stock Exchange （ASE） for the year 2006. The study adopts the disclosure index suggested by Haddad, AI-Shattarat ＆ Nobanee （2009） and evaluates the voluntary disclosure for the Jordanian companies for the year 2006 at three levels： the first provides a description and analysis of the overall voluntary disclosure; the second covers the extent to which each individual item of information is disclosed; the third covers the type of information （e.g., financial information, historical information, management discussion）. The results of the study reveal that there was a considerable variation in the disclosure of the index items and also among the listed companies. On average, a company disclosed about 28.95% of the items applicable to it, and only six out of the 53 companies received disclosure scores greater than 50%. It was also found that 50 items out of 62 items included in the index had a disclosure below 50%, and 10 items had disclosure of less than 10%. With respect to the evaluation of different types of information, the analyses indicated that the category of the background information, the category of financial ratios and the category of management discussions were better disclosed in corporate annual reports than the other types of information.

Voluntary Disclosure and the Type of Product Market Competition： Capacity vs. Price

This paper investigates empirically the effect of different types of product market competition on levels of voluntary disclosure of proprietary information in financial markets. The author proposes that there are two types of strategic interaction settings relevant to disclosure： capacity competition and price competition. Capacity competition drives firms to disclose more information to attain financial market valuation-related benefits, while price competition drives them to disclose less to protect long-term product market advantages. The author finds that the type of product market competition affects the level of voluntary disclosure over and above the finn＇s external financing needs documented in the previous literature. That is, firms engaged in capacity competition disclose relatively more information than those in price competition. Further analysis shows that capacity competition firms disclose more information than no-strategic-interaction benchmark firms but that price competition firms do not disclose less information than the benchmark firms.