A simple method to prepare of DNA template suitable for PCR amplification from filamentous fungi will be valuable for improving experimental efficiency.Here,a method was developed which just needed ultrasonic treatmen...A simple method to prepare of DNA template suitable for PCR amplification from filamentous fungi will be valuable for improving experimental efficiency.Here,a method was developed which just needed ultrasonic treatment of the mycelium at usual condition,and the produced solution could directly be used as DNA template for internal transcribed spacer(ITS)amplification successfully.The PCR could be improved by additional treatment of 60℃water baths,but was not centrifugation.When the template amount was 0.5-2μL and the ultrasonic time was 7-11 min,there was no distinctly influences on PCR.The method was commonly used for M.purpureus,I.cicadae,Lentinula sp.,Flammul sp.and Dictyophora sp.etc.to detect target sequences of ITS,hygromycin resistance gene(Hyg),CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9),Citrinin gene C(CtnC),Citrinin gene D(CtnD),large subunit rRNA gene(NL),and so on.The method could provide a simple,rapid,safe and economic approach to prepare the DNA template for large-scale PCR of the special filamentous fungi materials.展开更多
Approximately 20% of homes nationwide use an on-site treatment system as a form of household wastewater management. However, approximately 10% to 20% of on-site treatment systems malfunction each year, many of which h...Approximately 20% of homes nationwide use an on-site treatment system as a form of household wastewater management. However, approximately 10% to 20% of on-site treatment systems malfunction each year, many of which have either failed or exceeded the soil’s long-term acceptance rate (LTAR), causing environmental and human health risks. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effects of soil condition (e.g., wet and dry) and product architecture type [i.e., chamber, gravel-less-pipe (GLP), polystyrene-aggregate, and pipe-and-aggregate] on in-product solution storage and biomat thickness in a profile-limited soil in northwest Arkansas under increased loading rates and to estimate the LTAR for each product. During Phase I of this study (March 13 to October 4, 2013), effluent loading rates were approximately doubled, while rates were approximately quadrupled during Phase II (October 8, 2013 to May 29, 2014), from the maximum allowable loading rate for each product. The pipe-and-tire-chip, 46-cm-wide trench pipe-and-gravel, and the 25-cm diameter GLP products had the greatest (p < 0.001), while the 31-cm-width and the 5.4-m-long chambers had the lowest (p < 0.001) in-product solution storage during wet-soil conditions of Phase I monitoring. The 25-cm diameter GLP product had the greatest (p < 0.001), while the 61-cm-width, 5.4-m-long chamber had the lowest (p < 0.001) in-product solution storage during Phase II. Results of this study indicate that some alternative products may be able to effectively handle effluent loading rates in excess of those currently allowed by the State of Arkansas. Further research will be required to confirm these interpretations.展开更多
The optical observation results of neocrystallization nucleation and growth of fine fully lamellar (FFL) α 2/ γ microstructure of a TiAl based alloy in rapid heating cyclic heat treatment process were reported. The ...The optical observation results of neocrystallization nucleation and growth of fine fully lamellar (FFL) α 2/ γ microstructure of a TiAl based alloy in rapid heating cyclic heat treatment process were reported. The characteristics of α+γ→α transformation under rapid heating conditions were analysed. A model for explaining the nucleation and growth mechanism of FFL α 2/ γ microstructure was proposed.展开更多
Heat treatment plays an important role in tailoring the mechanical properties of powder-metallurgy(PM)titanium alloys.However,only limited work about the rapid heat treatment(RHT)of PM titanium alloys has been reporte...Heat treatment plays an important role in tailoring the mechanical properties of powder-metallurgy(PM)titanium alloys.However,only limited work about the rapid heat treatment(RHT)of PM titanium alloys has been reported.In this work,RHT was applied to PM Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy after hot rolling to study the evolution of its mechanical properties and the influence of residual pores on its properties.Through hot rolling and annealing,a fine and uniformα+βstructure with few residual pores is ob-tained.During RHT,the primaryαdissolves gradually and completes in theβregion,and theβgrains then grow,resulting in the continuous decrease in elongation after aging.Moreover,the tensile strength first increases and then decreases with increasing RHT temperature,owing to the increase in volume fraction of secondaryαinα+βregion and theβgrain growth inβregion.In contrast to the RHT of cast-and-wrought titanium,the negative influence of residual pores lowers the RHT temperature for obtaining the highest tensile strength to a temperature below theβ-transus temperature.Despite the negative influence of the residual pores,retained primaryαand fineβgrains with fine secondaryαinside contribute to achieving a good strength/ductility balance(1570 MPa and 6.1%,respectively).Addi-tionally,although at higher cycles to failure,the negative influence of residual pores increases as it affects the crack initiation zone at the subsurface,the good resistance of secondaryαto fatigue crack propaga-tion still enhances the fatigue strength considerably(about 300 MPa).This work suggests a cost-effective strategy to produce titanium alloys with high performance.展开更多
The renovated water in the rapid infiltration system (RI) as area for fish and duck farming is feasible. The flesh of fish and duck is edible. The farming of fish for 5 months and duck for 120 - 130 days can be accept...The renovated water in the rapid infiltration system (RI) as area for fish and duck farming is feasible. The flesh of fish and duck is edible. The farming of fish for 5 months and duck for 120 - 130 days can be accepted. It is beneficial to environment and economy, especially in developing countries. The production of fish and duck can make up for the cost of wastewater treatment.展开更多
Estrogen produces several beneficial effects in healthy neurological tissues and exhibits cardioprotective effects.Hormone therapy has been widely used to treat menopausal estrogen deficiency for more than 80 years.De...Estrogen produces several beneficial effects in healthy neurological tissues and exhibits cardioprotective effects.Hormone therapy has been widely used to treat menopausal estrogen deficiency for more than 80 years.Despite high initial expectations of cardioprotective effects,there has been substantial distrust following important randomized clinical trials,such as the Women’s Health Initiative.Subsequently,the timing of treatment in relation to the onset of menopause came under consideration and led to the proposal of the timing hypothesis,that early initial treatment is important,and benefits are lost as the timing since menopause becomes prolonged.Subsequent analyses of the Women’s Health Initiative data,together with more recent data from randomized and observational trials,consistently show reductions in coronary heart disease and mortality in younger menopausal women.Regarding cognitive function,the timing hypothesis is consistent with observations from basic and animal studies.There is some clinical evidence to support the benefits of hormonal therapy in this context,though skepticism remains due to the paucity of clinical trials of substantial length in younger menopausal women.It is likely that the effects of estrogens on cognitive performance are due to rapid mechanisms,including mechanisms that influence Ca2+homeostasis dynamics,provide protection in a hostile environment and reduce inflammatory signals from neural tissues.In the future,inflammatory profiles accounting for early signs of pathological inflammation might help identify the‘window of opportunity’to use estrogen therapy for successful cognitive protection.展开更多
Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contaminat...Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contamination in food have brought great challenges to human health.Traditional pathogenic microorganism detection is mainly carried out in laboratories with low speed,and requires experienced operators,which greatly affects the detection efficiency,and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved in the face of epidemics or food contamination.In response to these new situations,new on-site rapid detection methods have become a must,but to achieve the purpose of on-site rapid and immediate detection,higher requirements have been put forward to sensitivity and specificity.Due to their special photoelectric properties and adsorption properties,nanomaterials have gradually been applied in on-site rapid detection methods such as biosensors,and some substantial progress has been made.In this study,we introduced the actual application of nanomaterials in testing and their applications in on-site rapid testing,and made some prospects for the development of on-site rapid testing methods.展开更多
This paper evaluated two different wastewater primary treatments of wastewater from the“Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana,Azcapotzalco Campus”,a conventional one integrated for coagulation,flocculation,sedimentatio...This paper evaluated two different wastewater primary treatments of wastewater from the“Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana,Azcapotzalco Campus”,a conventional one integrated for coagulation,flocculation,sedimentation and filtration versus one alternative integrated for in-line coagulation to precondition to rapid filtration.The wastewater was from the Azcapotzalco Campus in Mexico City,and in both cases,we characterized the wastewater,measured:pH,conductivity,temperature,total dissolved solids,dissolved oxygen,ORP(Oxide Reduction Potential),turbidity,and COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand).Conventional treatment was slightly better treatment,but the alternative treatment represents saving in equipment,reactive,energy and time,so it was considered a viable technical and economic wastewater primary treatment.展开更多
The effects of rapid heating cyclic heat treatment on mechanical properties of a TiAl based alloy (Ti 33Al 3Cr) were studied by means of an induction heating machine. The results show that: 1) fine fully lamellar micr...The effects of rapid heating cyclic heat treatment on mechanical properties of a TiAl based alloy (Ti 33Al 3Cr) were studied by means of an induction heating machine. The results show that: 1) fine fully lamellar microstructure with colony size of about 50 μm and lamellar spacing of about 0.12 μm can be obtained; 2) the compression mechanical properties can be improved to a large extent and the best comprehensive compression mechanical properties can reach the yield stress 745 MPa, the large flow stress 1 672 MPa and the compression ratio 19.4%; and 3) the compression fracture at room temperature after induction heat treatment and aging is still typical cleavage fracture.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81960692)the Science and Technology Support Program of Guizhou Province(2019-2776)。
文摘A simple method to prepare of DNA template suitable for PCR amplification from filamentous fungi will be valuable for improving experimental efficiency.Here,a method was developed which just needed ultrasonic treatment of the mycelium at usual condition,and the produced solution could directly be used as DNA template for internal transcribed spacer(ITS)amplification successfully.The PCR could be improved by additional treatment of 60℃water baths,but was not centrifugation.When the template amount was 0.5-2μL and the ultrasonic time was 7-11 min,there was no distinctly influences on PCR.The method was commonly used for M.purpureus,I.cicadae,Lentinula sp.,Flammul sp.and Dictyophora sp.etc.to detect target sequences of ITS,hygromycin resistance gene(Hyg),CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9),Citrinin gene C(CtnC),Citrinin gene D(CtnD),large subunit rRNA gene(NL),and so on.The method could provide a simple,rapid,safe and economic approach to prepare the DNA template for large-scale PCR of the special filamentous fungi materials.
文摘Approximately 20% of homes nationwide use an on-site treatment system as a form of household wastewater management. However, approximately 10% to 20% of on-site treatment systems malfunction each year, many of which have either failed or exceeded the soil’s long-term acceptance rate (LTAR), causing environmental and human health risks. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effects of soil condition (e.g., wet and dry) and product architecture type [i.e., chamber, gravel-less-pipe (GLP), polystyrene-aggregate, and pipe-and-aggregate] on in-product solution storage and biomat thickness in a profile-limited soil in northwest Arkansas under increased loading rates and to estimate the LTAR for each product. During Phase I of this study (March 13 to October 4, 2013), effluent loading rates were approximately doubled, while rates were approximately quadrupled during Phase II (October 8, 2013 to May 29, 2014), from the maximum allowable loading rate for each product. The pipe-and-tire-chip, 46-cm-wide trench pipe-and-gravel, and the 25-cm diameter GLP products had the greatest (p < 0.001), while the 31-cm-width and the 5.4-m-long chambers had the lowest (p < 0.001) in-product solution storage during wet-soil conditions of Phase I monitoring. The 25-cm diameter GLP product had the greatest (p < 0.001), while the 61-cm-width, 5.4-m-long chamber had the lowest (p < 0.001) in-product solution storage during Phase II. Results of this study indicate that some alternative products may be able to effectively handle effluent loading rates in excess of those currently allowed by the State of Arkansas. Further research will be required to confirm these interpretations.
文摘The optical observation results of neocrystallization nucleation and growth of fine fully lamellar (FFL) α 2/ γ microstructure of a TiAl based alloy in rapid heating cyclic heat treatment process were reported. The characteristics of α+γ→α transformation under rapid heating conditions were analysed. A model for explaining the nucleation and growth mechanism of FFL α 2/ γ microstructure was proposed.
文摘Heat treatment plays an important role in tailoring the mechanical properties of powder-metallurgy(PM)titanium alloys.However,only limited work about the rapid heat treatment(RHT)of PM titanium alloys has been reported.In this work,RHT was applied to PM Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy after hot rolling to study the evolution of its mechanical properties and the influence of residual pores on its properties.Through hot rolling and annealing,a fine and uniformα+βstructure with few residual pores is ob-tained.During RHT,the primaryαdissolves gradually and completes in theβregion,and theβgrains then grow,resulting in the continuous decrease in elongation after aging.Moreover,the tensile strength first increases and then decreases with increasing RHT temperature,owing to the increase in volume fraction of secondaryαinα+βregion and theβgrain growth inβregion.In contrast to the RHT of cast-and-wrought titanium,the negative influence of residual pores lowers the RHT temperature for obtaining the highest tensile strength to a temperature below theβ-transus temperature.Despite the negative influence of the residual pores,retained primaryαand fineβgrains with fine secondaryαinside contribute to achieving a good strength/ductility balance(1570 MPa and 6.1%,respectively).Addi-tionally,although at higher cycles to failure,the negative influence of residual pores increases as it affects the crack initiation zone at the subsurface,the good resistance of secondaryαto fatigue crack propaga-tion still enhances the fatigue strength considerably(about 300 MPa).This work suggests a cost-effective strategy to produce titanium alloys with high performance.
文摘The renovated water in the rapid infiltration system (RI) as area for fish and duck farming is feasible. The flesh of fish and duck is edible. The farming of fish for 5 months and duck for 120 - 130 days can be accepted. It is beneficial to environment and economy, especially in developing countries. The production of fish and duck can make up for the cost of wastewater treatment.
文摘Estrogen produces several beneficial effects in healthy neurological tissues and exhibits cardioprotective effects.Hormone therapy has been widely used to treat menopausal estrogen deficiency for more than 80 years.Despite high initial expectations of cardioprotective effects,there has been substantial distrust following important randomized clinical trials,such as the Women’s Health Initiative.Subsequently,the timing of treatment in relation to the onset of menopause came under consideration and led to the proposal of the timing hypothesis,that early initial treatment is important,and benefits are lost as the timing since menopause becomes prolonged.Subsequent analyses of the Women’s Health Initiative data,together with more recent data from randomized and observational trials,consistently show reductions in coronary heart disease and mortality in younger menopausal women.Regarding cognitive function,the timing hypothesis is consistent with observations from basic and animal studies.There is some clinical evidence to support the benefits of hormonal therapy in this context,though skepticism remains due to the paucity of clinical trials of substantial length in younger menopausal women.It is likely that the effects of estrogens on cognitive performance are due to rapid mechanisms,including mechanisms that influence Ca2+homeostasis dynamics,provide protection in a hostile environment and reduce inflammatory signals from neural tissues.In the future,inflammatory profiles accounting for early signs of pathological inflammation might help identify the‘window of opportunity’to use estrogen therapy for successful cognitive protection.
文摘Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contamination in food have brought great challenges to human health.Traditional pathogenic microorganism detection is mainly carried out in laboratories with low speed,and requires experienced operators,which greatly affects the detection efficiency,and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved in the face of epidemics or food contamination.In response to these new situations,new on-site rapid detection methods have become a must,but to achieve the purpose of on-site rapid and immediate detection,higher requirements have been put forward to sensitivity and specificity.Due to their special photoelectric properties and adsorption properties,nanomaterials have gradually been applied in on-site rapid detection methods such as biosensors,and some substantial progress has been made.In this study,we introduced the actual application of nanomaterials in testing and their applications in on-site rapid testing,and made some prospects for the development of on-site rapid testing methods.
文摘This paper evaluated two different wastewater primary treatments of wastewater from the“Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana,Azcapotzalco Campus”,a conventional one integrated for coagulation,flocculation,sedimentation and filtration versus one alternative integrated for in-line coagulation to precondition to rapid filtration.The wastewater was from the Azcapotzalco Campus in Mexico City,and in both cases,we characterized the wastewater,measured:pH,conductivity,temperature,total dissolved solids,dissolved oxygen,ORP(Oxide Reduction Potential),turbidity,and COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand).Conventional treatment was slightly better treatment,but the alternative treatment represents saving in equipment,reactive,energy and time,so it was considered a viable technical and economic wastewater primary treatment.
文摘The effects of rapid heating cyclic heat treatment on mechanical properties of a TiAl based alloy (Ti 33Al 3Cr) were studied by means of an induction heating machine. The results show that: 1) fine fully lamellar microstructure with colony size of about 50 μm and lamellar spacing of about 0.12 μm can be obtained; 2) the compression mechanical properties can be improved to a large extent and the best comprehensive compression mechanical properties can reach the yield stress 745 MPa, the large flow stress 1 672 MPa and the compression ratio 19.4%; and 3) the compression fracture at room temperature after induction heat treatment and aging is still typical cleavage fracture.
