Recently there have been exciting research advances in neuroprotective therapies for ischemic stroke. In the past, the search for neu- roprotective agents has been fraught with failure at the clinical trials stage due...Recently there have been exciting research advances in neuroprotective therapies for ischemic stroke. In the past, the search for neu- roprotective agents has been fraught with failure at the clinical trials stage due to numerous factors, including subject heterogeneity and improper therapeutic windows （Tymianski, 2017）. Moreover, it is becoming clearer that the complex and evolving pathobiology of stroke requires multimodal therapeutic approaches capable of modulating the numerous axes that contribute to ischemia/reperfusion damage, rather than targeting a single axis （Bernstock et al., 2018a）. With the success of recent endovascular thrombectomy （EVT） trials, it has been suggested that clinical trials of EVT with adjunct neuroprotection can overcome past difficulties and maximize the effect size by using imaging to reduce patient heterogeneity （i. e., selecting those with large vessel occlusions, small ischemic cores, and good collateral circulation）, restoring perfusion using better EVT devices, and enrolling patients in the correct therapeutic window （i.e., when they still have salvageable brain tissue） （Tymianski, 2017）. Considering the opportunity that this represents for new, better clinical trials of neuroprotective agents, the search is on for high-potential compounds that may be investigated in these future studies.展开更多
Globally, cancer is growing at an alarming pace, which calls for development of more efficient cancer treatments. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become crucial first-line clinical treatments for cance...Globally, cancer is growing at an alarming pace, which calls for development of more efficient cancer treatments. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become crucial first-line clinical treatments for cancer. However, along with their wide usage, limited therapeutic effects, severe adverse reactions, unaffordable costs, and complicated operations lead to failures of these treat- ments. Moreover, the emergence of multidrug resistance inhibits the longtirne usage of chemotherapeutics. One of the major causes of treatment failure is the insufficient sensitivity of cancer cells to therapeutic drugs or treatments. With the rigorous development of nanotechnolog~ tailored nanoparticles can efficiently sensitize malignant cells by inducing intracellular structural and functional changes, which could affect vital intracellular processes such as metabolism, signal conduction, proliferation, cell death as well as intracellular drug delivery. Here, we review recent advances in nanomaterial-assisted sensitization of oncotherapy, and challenges and strategies in the development of nanomedical approaches.展开更多
文摘Recently there have been exciting research advances in neuroprotective therapies for ischemic stroke. In the past, the search for neu- roprotective agents has been fraught with failure at the clinical trials stage due to numerous factors, including subject heterogeneity and improper therapeutic windows （Tymianski, 2017）. Moreover, it is becoming clearer that the complex and evolving pathobiology of stroke requires multimodal therapeutic approaches capable of modulating the numerous axes that contribute to ischemia/reperfusion damage, rather than targeting a single axis （Bernstock et al., 2018a）. With the success of recent endovascular thrombectomy （EVT） trials, it has been suggested that clinical trials of EVT with adjunct neuroprotection can overcome past difficulties and maximize the effect size by using imaging to reduce patient heterogeneity （i. e., selecting those with large vessel occlusions, small ischemic cores, and good collateral circulation）, restoring perfusion using better EVT devices, and enrolling patients in the correct therapeutic window （i.e., when they still have salvageable brain tissue） （Tymianski, 2017）. Considering the opportunity that this represents for new, better clinical trials of neuroprotective agents, the search is on for high-potential compounds that may be investigated in these future studies.
文摘Globally, cancer is growing at an alarming pace, which calls for development of more efficient cancer treatments. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become crucial first-line clinical treatments for cancer. However, along with their wide usage, limited therapeutic effects, severe adverse reactions, unaffordable costs, and complicated operations lead to failures of these treat- ments. Moreover, the emergence of multidrug resistance inhibits the longtirne usage of chemotherapeutics. One of the major causes of treatment failure is the insufficient sensitivity of cancer cells to therapeutic drugs or treatments. With the rigorous development of nanotechnolog~ tailored nanoparticles can efficiently sensitize malignant cells by inducing intracellular structural and functional changes, which could affect vital intracellular processes such as metabolism, signal conduction, proliferation, cell death as well as intracellular drug delivery. Here, we review recent advances in nanomaterial-assisted sensitization of oncotherapy, and challenges and strategies in the development of nanomedical approaches.
