Cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder alone versus those with bipolar disorder comorbid with borderline personality disorder

BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness.BD often coexists with borderline personality disorders,making the condition more complex.AIM To explore the differences in cognitive impairment between patients with BD and those with BD comorbid with borderline personality disorder.METHODS Eighty patients with BD and comorbid borderline personality disorder and 80 patients with BD alone were included in groups A and B,respectively,and 80 healthy volunteers were included as controls.Cognitive function in each group was evaluated using the Chinese version of the repeatable battery for the assess-ment of neuropsychological status(RBANS),the Stroop color-word test,and the Wechsler intelligence scale-revised(WAIS-RC).RESULTS The indices of the RBANS,Stroop color-word test,and WAIS-RC in groups A and B were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Group A had significantly longer Stroop color-word test times for single-character,single-color,double-character,and double-color,lower scores of immediate memory,visual breadth,verbal function dimensions and total score of the RBANS,as well as lower scores of verbal IQ,performance IQ,and overall IQ of the WAIS-RC compared with group B(P<0.05).Compared to group B,group A exhibited significantly longer single-character time,single-color time,double-character time,and double-color time in the Stroop color-word test(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The cognitive function of patients with BD complicated with borderline personality disorder is lower than that of patients with BD.

Geochemical prerequisites for the formation of oil and gas accumulation zones in the South Turgay basin,Kazakhstan

This study predicts favorable oil and gas source-rock formation conditions in the Aryskum Depression of the South Turgay Basin,Kazakhstan.This study assesses the thermal maturity and characteristics of organic matter by determining its environmental conditions using data from geochemical analysis of core(pyrolysis)and oil(biomarkers and carbon isotopic compositions)samples.According to the geochemical parameters obtained by pyrolysis,the oil generation potential of the original rocks of most studied samples varies from poor to rich.The facies–genetic organic matter is predominantly humic and less frequently humus–sapropel,indicating organic matter accumulation in the studied samples were under moderately reducing conditions(kerogenⅢand Ⅱ types)and coastal–marine environments(kerogen typeⅠ).The carbon isotopic compositions of oils derived from the Jurassic deposits of the Aryskum Depression also indicate the sapropelic and mixed humic–sapropelic type of organic matter(kerogenⅡandⅠ).Biomarker analysis of oils indicates original organic matter formation in an anoxic environment.

Hydrocarbon generation and organic matter enrichment of limestone in a lacustrine mixed sedimentary environment: A case study of the Jurassic Da'anzhai member in the central Sichuan Basin, SW China

The hydrocarbon generation effectiveness of lacustrine limestone has been gradually proven. The Da'anzhai Member limestone is the most important Jurassic oil-producing layer in the central Sichuan Basin, and the characteristics of limestone organic matter are often overlooked. 175 typical samples of different lithologies from 19 wells were systematically analyzed to determine hydrocarbon generation, controlling factors and formation models by analyses of organic matter, minerals, elements, isotopes and petrography. (1) Lacustrine paleoenvironments can be beneficial for the enrichment of organic matter in limestone. A favorable environment would be a quiet, low-energy zone in a warm and humid climate with an appropriate supply of terrestrial inputs. (2) Lacustrine limestone has a higher organic matter conversion rate, and a lower hydrocarbon generation threshold than argillaceous source rocks, and can be effective source rock. (3) The mud-bearing shell limestone from the forebeach to the lake slope is thick, with a relatively high abundance of organic matter, and its hydrocarbon generation is effective. This study can clarify the effectiveness and enrichment of the limestone organic matters in the study area, and contribute to an understanding of hydrocarbon generation for full-rock system in a lacustrine mixed sedimentary environment.

Thin-Shell Wormholes Admitting Conformal Motions in Spacetimes of Embedding Class One

This paper discusses the feasibility of thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of conformal motions. It is shown that the surface energy density σis positive, while the surface pressure is negative, resulting in , thereby signaling a violation of the null energy condition, a necessary condition for holding a wormhole open. For a Morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is referred to as “exotic”. For the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of conformal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of the highly problematical exotic matter.

Efficiency of Legumes in Increasing Yam Yield under Sandy Ferrasol in the Forest Zone of Southwestern Côte d’Ivoire

The cropping system is based on traditional farming in rural areas. In this way, yields of some food crops like yam are very low considering their high need for nutrients. The nutrient-rich land is under high land pressure as it is occupied by cash crops such as oil palm and rubber at the expense of food crops and soil fertility is declining. The study was conducted in Grand-Lahou to assess the effect of organic matter provided by legumes in increasing yam yield. The randomized complete block design included four (4) treatments: Arachis hypogaea + yam association (T1), Acacia mangium + yam association (T2), Arachis + Acacia mangium + yam association (T3) and pure yam crop (T0). The parameters measured were: the soil nutrients content, the rate of mineralization of organic matter through the C/N ratio as well as the yield of yam through different techniques that allowed the objective of the study to be achieved. It was noted a slight improvement of nitrogen and organic carbon in all treatments with a higher value recorded in the T2 treatment. The C/N ratio decreased to 12 in all treatments compared to the control, which reflects a normal decomposition of the organic matter. Treatment T1 increased yam yield (8.4 t/ha) in contrast to treatments T2 (4.1 t/ha) and T3 (2.8 t/ha). Legume-based treatments T2 and T3 were associated with a significant decrease in yam yield, resulting in losses of −46.34% to −25.09%, while treatment T1 resulted in a gain of 28.57%. As a result, the treatments involving legumes contributed to normalizing the organic matter content of the soil. The simultaneous association of these two legumes led to a decrease in yam production, contrary to the treatment associating only groundnut.

Human Personality Assessment Based on Gait Pattern Recognition Using Smartphone Sensors

Human personality assessment using gait pattern recognition is one of the most recent and exciting research domains.Gait is a person’s identity that can reflect reliable information about his mood,emotions,and substantial personality traits under scrutiny.This research focuses on recognizing key personality traits,including neuroticism,extraversion,openness to experience,agreeableness,and conscientiousness,in line with the bigfive model of personality.We inferred personality traits based on the gait pattern recognition of individuals utilizing built-in smartphone sensors.For experimentation,we collected a novel dataset of 22 participants using an android application and further segmented it into six data chunks for a critical evaluation.After data pre-processing,we extracted selected features from each data segment and then applied four multiclass machine learning algorithms for training and classifying the dataset corresponding to the users’Big-Five Personality Traits Profiles(BFPT).Experimental results and performance evaluation of the classifiers revealed the efficacy of the proposed scheme for all big-five traits.

NASA’s Pioneer Spacecraft Anomaly, Heat, Dark Matter and a Probable Persuasive Genesis

An analysis is performed on what is known as the anomaly of NASA’s probe spacecraft. It explains why this additional acceleration can hardly be caused by the heat emitted by the electronic equipment of the spacecraft or by the dark matter that the Solar System could contain. Additionally, the correct stellar dynamics are mathematically demonstrated to explain the high speed of stellar rotation directly in galaxies and to show that this dynamics governing galaxies is very different from the dynamics of the Solar System. This also demonstrates the superfluity of postulating the existence of Dark Matter at the galactic level. It is concluded that the anomaly of the Pioneer spacecraft is relatively feasible as a product of an explainable difference between the modeling of the 70s and the real sources of the gravitational field of the Solar System. Therefore, it is claimed that there were sources of gravitational field that were not included in the original modeling because they were unknown at the time. Finally, a particular distribution of the disperse Solar System mass is proposed that could represent the sources of the field that give a plausible explanation for the NASA spacecraft anomaly.

White matter abnormalities in young males with antisocial personality disorder Evidence from voxel-based morphometry-diffeomorphic anatomical registration using exponentiated lie algebra analysis

Voxel-based morphometry-diffeomorphic anatomical registration using exponentiated lie algebra analysis was used to investigate the structural characteristics of white matter in young males with antisocial personality disorder （APD） and healthy controls without APD. The results revealed that APD subjects, relative to healthy subjects, exhibited increased white matter volume in the bilateral prefrontal lobe, right insula, precentral gyrus, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, right inferior parietal Iobule, right precuneus, right middle occipital lobe, right parahippocampal gyrus and bilateral cingulate, and decreased volume in the middle temporal cortex and right cerebellum. The white matter volume in the medial frontal gyrus was significantly correlated with antisocial type scores on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire in APD subjects. These experimental findings indicate that white matter abnormalities in several brain areas may contribute to antisocial behaviors in APD subjects.

多主体协同开发社区教育课程的PERSONAL模式探索——基于“我爱我家”的个案研究

通过对“我爱我家”这一社区自发课程的跟踪调查,发现社区自发课程开发实质上是一个组织学习过程,经过个体直觉、知识解释、知识整合等环节实现组织的制度化学习,在推动学习型无边界组织生成的同时,生成社区教育课程。在这一过程中,政策(policies)支持、专家(expert)指导、区域需求和区域特征(regional)、社区系统(system)、组织化(organization)等多要素叠加发挥作用,通过不断拓展新鲜(new)领域的积极行动(action)整合所有资源,并推动跨越边界的学习(learning)贯穿始终。因此,多主体协同的社区自发课程可以不完全地概括为PERSONAL模式。要以PERSONAL模式发展社区自发课程,需要以学习者为中心,注重发展人际互动,营造有利于跨组织交互学习的教育生态系统。

Soil conditioners improve Cd-contaminated farmland soil microbial communities to inhibit Cd accumulation in rice

The addition of silicon(Si)and organic fertilizers to soil conditioners can inhibit the transfer of heavy metal ions from soil to crops.However,it is not clear how Si and organic fertilizers affect soil properties and the micro-ecological environment and thereby reduce cadmium(Cd)accumulation in rice.In this study,the effects of L-type soil conditioners containing Si and organic fertilizers on bacterial and fungal community diversity,soil pH,organic matter,and available Si were analyzed with field experiments at two sites in Liuzhou City and Hezhou City,respectively,in Guangxi,China.With the increase of Si and organic fertilizer content in soil conditioner,rice yield respectively increased by 16.8–25.8 and 6.8–13.1%,and rice Cd content decreased significantly by 8.2–21.1 and 10.8–40.6%,respectively,at the two experimental sites.Soil microbiome analysis showed that the increase in abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota bacteria associated with Cd adsorption and sequestration,and Basidiomycota fungal populations associated with degradation of macromolecules favored the inhibition of soil Cd activity(soil exchangeable Cd decreased by 14.4–14.8 and 18.1–20.6%).This was associated with an increase in organic matter and Si content caused by applying soil conditioners.In conclusion,L-type soil conditioners,rich in Si and organic fertilizer,can reduce soil Cd bioavailability by regulating the dominant Cd passivating flora in the soil and ultimately reduce Cd accumulation in rice.

Component characteristics of organic matter in hydrothermal barnacle shells from Southwest Indian Ridge

In 2008-2009, hydrothermal barnacle and sediment samples were collected from the Southwest Indian Ridge during a survey of the China Ocean Mineral Resources R＆D Association （COMRA）. Samples were ana- lyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）, revealing the main organic constituents of hy- drothermal barnacle and sediment to be fatty acids and alkylbenzenes. N-alkanes which possessed obvious even carbon advantage were also detected in hydrothermal sediment. The high concentrations of aromatic compounds might be the result of macromolecular thermal alteration. Microorganism in the submarine hydrothermal ecosystem, especially those related to sulfur metabolism, might be the source of the high con- centrations of fatty acids detected in these samples. In high temperature and high pressure hydrothermal environments, n-alkanes which possessed obvious even carbon advantage might originate from thermal alteration of carboxylic acids and other lipid compounds.

Interactions of Copper, Evaporite, and Organic Matter and Genesis of Sandstone-Hosted Copper Deposits in the Chuxiong Basin, Yunnan Province

Studies on organic geochemistry indicate that the origin, type and maturity of organic matter are different among coal-bearing, copper-bearing and evaporite formations in the Mesozoic continental Chuxiong Basin, Yunnan, China. A mechanism has been proposed that (1) during the diagenetic mineralization stage the short-chain organic acids dervied from kerogen played an important role in remobilizing copper from source beds, while oils acted as important carrier of copper, and that (2) during the transformation or remolding mineralization stage, meteoric water leached the evaporite layers and formed downward-percolating oxidizing SO42-rich fluids; meanwhile, the copper-bearing fluids migrating upwards along growth faults from the basement was contaminated by the coal-bearing series on the way and formed reducing organic-rich fluids; oxidation-reduction occurred and sulfides formed when the two kinds of fluids met within sandstones.

Analysis of the Positive Personalities of Scarlett in Gone with the Wind

Gone with the Wind,the masterpiece of the Margaret,M who has spent about ten years on writing this novel and it takes over half a year of her to verify the specific time and place of the involved historical event.Once the masterpiece is published on June 30,1936,it soon broke several records in sales of American publishing;later,it won the prize of Pulitzer and Association of American publishers.While the leading lady of this novel,Scarlett,become an object of admiration among thousands of people.What attract the readerséyes deeply is her unique origin,outstanding features and noble actions.In the meantime,the charming personality of Margaret's Scarlett has conquered us.She is strong to the difficulties;she is persistent to her love;and she is witty to her family.She is the strongest among the people who has endured the hardship as her no matter she has suffered from the war,the poor and leaving her family.What makes her be responsible to the Taylor Manor is her braveness.At the end of the story,she still tells us:tomorrow is another day! We admire her positive attitude to life,and this is why the female character can be everlasting.

In vivo 3-photon fluorescence microscopy of white matter in mouse brain excited at the 1700 nm window

White matter,a densely packed collection of myelinated axons,plays an essential part in neural networks.With high spatial resolution and deep penetration,multi-photon microscopy(MPM)is promising for white matter imaging in animal models in vivo.The third harmonic generation(THG)signal can be generated from white matter,but the bottom part of the white matter layer generates weak THG due to its high scattering.Here,we demonstrate an in vivo labeling and imaging technology,capable of visualizing the white matter layer in the mouse brain,combining°uorescence labeling with MitoTracker Red and three-photon°uorescence(3PF)microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window.3PF signals are several times higher than THG signals,resulting in deeper imaging of the white matter layer with the former.Our results indicate that 3PF microscopy is a promising technology for white matter imaging in the deep brain in vivo.

Personal Thermal Management by Radiative Cooling and Heating

Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning systems.In recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and skin.The advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and engineering.An emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of regulation.However,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of PRTM.In this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for PRTM.Specifically,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode thermoregulation.Furthermore,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.

Dynamic Hand Gesture-Based Person Identification Using Leap Motion and Machine Learning Approaches

Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.

Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matter-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and zebrafish.Methods:HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.The production of nitric oxide(NO),intracellular ROS,prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2)),and pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT cells.Furthermore,the levels of ROS,NO,and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish model.Results:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO,intracellular ROS,and PGE_(2) in PM-induced HaCaT cells.In addition,the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB.Furthermore,it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress,represented by the reduction of NO,ROS,and lipid peroxidation in zebrafish.Conclusions:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.

Adverse Effects of Exposure to Fine Particulate Matters and Ozone on Gestational Hypertension

Gestational hypertension(GH)is a common complication during pregnancy.GH is regarded as a potential public health challenge for pregnant women and infants.Limited evidence has linked ambient air pollution to an increased GH risk.However,most of the studies were conducted in developed countries,with inconsistent results obtained.The present study was performed to explore whether exposure to particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter≤2.5(PM2.5)and ozone(O3)was related to elevated odds of GH in a Chinese population.This population-based cohort study involved 38115 pregnant women in Wuhan,China.All information was collected from the Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Management Information System,using standardized quality control.The daily air pollutant data for PM2.5 and O3 were obtained from the 20 monitoring stations of the Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center during 2014.The nearest monitor approach was applied to individual exposure assessment of PM2.5 and O3 for each participant.After adjusting for major confounders and other air pollutants,a 10μg/m^3 increase in PM25 and O3 concentrations was found to correlate to a 1.14-fold[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09,1.20]and a 1.05-fold(95%CI:1.02,1.07)increase in GH risk,respectively.Additionally,stronger relationships between GH risk and PM25 and O3 exposure were observed in women who conceived in winter and summer,respectively.These findings suggest that air pollutants may contribute to the development of GH.

Web-based GIS System for Real-time Field Data Collection Using Personal Mobile Phone

Recently, use of mobile communicational devices in field data collection is increasing such as smart phones and cellular phones due to emergence of embedded Global Position System GPS and Wi-Fi Internet access. Accurate timely and handy field data collection is required for disaster management and emergency quick responses. In this article, we introduce web-based GIS system to collect the field data by personal mobile phone through Post Office Protocol POP3 mail server. The main objective of this work is to demonstrate real-time field data collection method to the students using their mobile phone to collect field data by timely and handy manners, either individual or group survey in local or global scale research.

Multiple enrichment mechanisms of organic matter in the Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China

Based on core and thin section data,the source rock samples from the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag of the Junggar Basin were analyzed in terms of zircon SIMS U-Pb geochronology,organic carbon isotopic composition,major and trace element contents,as well as petrology.Two zircon U-Pb ages of(306.0±5.2)Ma and(303.5±3.7)Ma were obtained from the first member of the Fengcheng Formation.Combined with carbon isotopic stratigraphy,it is inferred that the depositional age of the Fengcheng Formation is about 297-306 Ma,spanning the Carboniferous-Permian boundary and corresponding to the interglacial period between C4 and P1 glacial events.Multiple increases in Hg/TOC ratios and altered volcanic ash were found in the shale rocks of the Fengcheng Formation,indicating that multiple phases of volcanic activity occurred during its deposition.An interval with a high B/Ga ratio was found in the middle of the second member of the Fengcheng Formation,associated with the occurrence of evaporite minerals and reedmergnerite,indicating that the high salinity of the water mass was related to hydrothermal activity.Comprehensive analysis suggests that the warm and humid climate during the deposition of Fengcheng Formation is conducive to the growth of organic matter such as algae and bacteria in the lake,and accelerates the continental weathering,driving the input of nutrients.Volcanic activities supply a large amount of nutrients and stimulate primary productivity.The warm climate and high salinity are conducive to water stratification,leading to water anoxia that benefits organic matter preservation.The above factors interact and jointly control the enrichment of organic matter in the Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag.