Theoretical study on the photonic band gap in one-dimensional photonic crystals with graded multilayer structure

We theoretically investigate the photonic band gap in one-dimensional photonic crystals with a graded multilayer structure. The proposed structure constitutes an alternating composite layer （metallic nanoparticles embedded in TiO2 film） and an air layer. Regarding the multilayer as a series of capacitance, effective optical properties are derived. The dispersion relation is obtained with the solution of the transfer matrix equation. With a graded structure in the composite layer, numerical results show that the position and width of the photonic band gap can be effectively modulated by varying the number of the graded composite layers, the volume fraction of nanoparticles and the external stimuli.

Design of(GO/TiO2)N one-dimensional photonic crystal photocatalysts with improved photocatalytic activity for tetracycline degradation

(GO/TiO2)N(GO represents graphene oxide,and N represents the period number of alternate superposition of two dielectrics)onedimensional photonic crystal with different lattice constants was prepared via the sol–gel technique,and its transmission characteristics for photocatalysis were tested.The results show that the lattice constant,filling ratio,number of periodic layers,and incident angle had effects on the band gap.When the lattice constant,filling ratio,number of periodic layers,and incident angle were set to 125 nm,0.45,21,and 0°,respectively,a gap width of 53 nm appeared at the central wavelength(322 nm).The absorption peak of the photocatalyst at 357 nm overlapped the blue edge of the photonic band gap.A slow photon effect region above 96%reflectivity appeared.The degradation rate of tetracycline in(GO/TiO2)N photonic crystal was enhanced to 64%within 60 min.Meanwhile,the degradation efficiency of(GO/TiO2)N one-dimensional photonic crystal was effectively improved compared with those of the GO/TiO2 composite film and GO/TiO2 powder.

Photonic Band Modulation in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with a One-Dimensional Periodic Dielectric Background

A two-dimensional photonic crystal with a one-dimensional periodic dielectric background is proposed. The photonic band modulation effects due to the periodic background are investigated based on the plane wave expansion method. We find that periodic modulation of the dielectric background greatly alters photonic band structures, especially for the E-polarization modes. The number, width and position of the photonic band gaps （PBGs） sensitively depend on the structure parameters （the layer thicknesses and dielectric constants） of the one-dimensional periodic background,

Description and reconstruction of one-dimensional photonic crystal by digital signal processing theory

A method of describing one-dimensional photonic crystals （1DPCs） based on Z-domain digital signal processing theory is presented. The analytical expression of the target band gap spectrum in the digital domain is obtained by the autocorrelation of its impulse response. The feasibility of this method is verified by reconstructing two simple 1DPC structures with a target photonic band gap obtained by the traditional transfer matrix method. This method provides an effective approach to function-guided designs of interference-based band gap structures for photonic applications.

Controlling the Bandgaps of One-Dimensional TiO2/SiO2, TiO2/SnO2, and SiO2/SnO2 Photonic Crystals Using the Transfer Matrix Method

One-dimensional photonic crystals (1D PhCs) have a unique ability to control the propagation of light waves, however certain classes of 1D oxides remain relatively unexplored for use as PhCs. Specifically, there has not been a comparative study of the three different 1D PhC structures to compare the influence of layer thickness, number, and refractive index on the ability of the PhCs to control light transmission. Herein, we use the transfer matrix method (TMM) to theoretically examine the transmission of 1D PhCs composed of layers of TiO2/SiO2, TiO2/SnO2, SiO2/SnO2, and combinations of the three with various top and bottom layer thicknesses to cover a substantial region of the electromagnetic spectrum (UV to NIR). With increasing layer numbers for TiO2/SiO2 and SiO2/SnO2, the edges became sharper and wider and the photonic bandgap width increased. Moreover, we demonstrated that PhCs with significantly thick TiO2/SiO2 layers had a high transmittance for a wide bandgap, allowing for wide-band optical filter applications. These different PhC architectures could enable a variety of applications, depending on the properties needed.

Flexible one-dimensional photonic crystal films composed of chalcogenide glass and water-soluble polymer for curvature sensing

Curvature sensing plays an important role in structural health monitoring,damage detection,real-time shape control,modification,etc.Developing curvature sensors with large measurement ranges,high sensitivity,and linearity remains a major challenge.In this study,a curvature sensor based on flexible one-dimensional photonic crystal(1D-PC)films was proposed.The flexible 1D-PC films composed of dense chalcogenide glass and water-soluble polymer materials were fabricated by solution processing.The flexible 1D-PC film curvature sensor has a wide measurement range of 33-133 m-1and a maximum sensitivity of0.26 nm/m^(-1).The shift of the transmission peak varies approximately linearly with the curvature in the entire measurement range.This kind of 1D-PC film curvature sensor provides a new idea for curvature sensing and measurement.

Study on superprism effect in the multilayer optical thin film stack

Researches show that multilayer optical thin film stack can exhibit superprism effect due to their large abnormal dispersions. We investigated and simulated this effect numerically in a 1-D non-periodic film structure-Fabry-Perot filters (FPF), which possess drastic change in phase and large group delay around wavelength of peak transmittance, and fabricated this device to realize remarkable superprism effect. We tested experimentally with the maximum spatial separation shift up to 65 μm, and the experimental result is in good agreement with the theory. Compared with the traditional prism, the total thickness of our structure is only 3.3 μm, and our prism shows a stronger angular resolution of 1.8°/nm.

Spectroscopy and carrier dynamics of one-dimensional nanostructures

In recent years,one-dimensional(1D)nanomaterials have raised researcher's interest because of their unique structur-al characteristic to generate and confine the optical signal and their promising prospects in photonic applications.In this re-view,we summarized the recent research advances on the spectroscopy and carrier dynamics of 1D nanostructures.First,the condensation and propagation of exciton-polaritons in nanowires(NWs)are introduced.Second,we discussed the properties of 1D photonic crystal(PC)and applications in photonic-plasmonic structures.Third,the observation of topological edge states in 1D topological structures is introduced.Finally,the perspective on the potential opportunities and remaining chal-lenges of 1D nanomaterials is proposed.

Size effect on light propagation modulation near band edges in one-dimensional periodic structures

Periodic photonic structures can provide rich modulation in propagation of light due to well-defined band structures.Especially near band edges,light localization and the effect of near-zero refractive index have attracted wide attention.However,the practically fabricated structures can only have finite size,i.e.,limited numbers of periods,leading to changes of the light propagation modulation compared with infinite structures.Here,we study the size effect on light localization and near-zero refractive-index propagation near band edges in one-dimensional periodic structures.Near edges of the band gap,as the structure's size shrinks,the broadening of the band gap and the weakening of the light localization are discovered.When the size is small,an added layer on the surface will perform large modulation in the group velocity.Near the degenerate point with Dirac-like dispersion,the zero-refractive-index effects like the zero-phase difference and near-unity transmittance retain as the size changes,while absolute group velocity fluctuates when the size shrinks.

Investigation of one-dimensional Si/SiO_2 photonic crystals for thermophotovoltaic filter

The spectral control is widely incorporated with the thermophotovoltaic (TPV) technology to improve the optical-electric conversion efficiency of the whole sys- tem. In order to match with GaSb photovoltaic cell, an 8-layer one-dimensional photonic crystals (PC) filter structure was designed as quarter-wave periodic structure by selecting silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) as candidate materials. The multilayer Si/SiO2 structure was developed for the matching filter to simulta- neously realize the optimal matching with the spectral distribution of the high temperature emitter and the quantum efficiency of GaSb cell. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) method was used to fabricate the optical filter and the normal incidence optical property of the filter was measured within the spectral range from 0.7 to 3.3 μm. These experimental data were used to predict the spectral control performance in a TPV system. Finally, temperature performance experiments were carried out to establish its withstanding performance in high temperature envi- ronment.

Omni-directional mirror for visible light based on one-dimensional photonic crystal

The omni-directional reflection characteristics of one-dimensional photonic crystals composed of Ta2O5/MgF2 multi-quantum well （MQW） are studied using the transfer matrix method. An omnidirectional reflector consisting of three and four Ta2O5/MgF2 MQWs is investigated. Results show that the photonic band gap of the photonic crystal composed of three and four Ta2O5/MgF2 MQWs, which are within the wavelength ranges of 402-712 and 412-1,023 nm, respectively, could cover the entire visible region. The relationship among the width of the band gap, its location, reflectivity rate, and incident angle of the incident light is analyzed. The optimal structural parameters of the MQW of the omni-directional reflector in the visible region are also calculated. The calculations provide a guide for the design of omni- directional reflection devices in the visible region.

Properties of single and multiple defect modes in one-dimensional photonic crystals containing left-handed metamaterials

Wave propagation is studied in structures consisting of alternate left- and right-handed layers. Bragg gap and zero-n gap appear in different frequency regions of the structure. The periodicity of the structure is broken by simply reversing the order of the layers in one half of the structure, resulting in defect modes located inside the zero-n gap and Bragg gap. These modes can be made very narrow by adding more layers in the structure. The defect mode located inside the zero-n gap is sensitive to the symmetry of the structure and insensitive to the angle of incidence of the incoming radiation. Multiple modes are also generated inside the gaps by repeating the structural pattern. Thus, a simple structure can be used for single and multiple modes that are imDortant for different applications.

变周期亚波长介质光栅多层膜的双重Fano共振特性

现在众多传感结构模型只能对单变量待测样本折射率进行传感检测,为实现不同待测样本的高通量检测并降低环境因素的干扰,提出了一种基于波长调制的变周期亚波长介质光栅多层膜复合结构。以双周期为例进行分析,变周期光栅层由两个具有不同光栅周期的介质光栅A和B组成,通过有限元法对传输特性进行分析,TE偏振入射光以垂直于光栅层表面的方式入射至介质光栅表面,当在介质光栅区域A和B内分别满足相位匹配条件时,变周期亚波长介质光栅会形成GMR,提供两个具有单一窄带的双离散态共振缺陷峰;由于类F-P腔中含有周期性光子晶体,光波传播到光子晶体会产生光子禁带,提供一个较宽频带的连续态。在满足相位匹配条件时,变周期亚波长波导结构中形成的双离散态共振缺陷峰与周期性光子晶体多层介质薄膜构成的类F-P腔中形成的连续态发生耦合,实现双重Fano共振。然后通过探究波导层厚度dw和光子晶体周期数N对传感特性的影响,选择dw=97 nm和N=3,使其达到FOM值最大。最终因变周期介质光栅层是由两种具有不同介质折射率的材料构成,在介质光栅区域A和B的光栅凹槽部分可设置两个传感检测单元,建立基于波长调制的双重Fano共振全电介质传感模型,设置不同的传感检测区域,发现双重Fano光谱曲线在不同传感检测区域内都能随着ns1和ns2变化,间接实现了对待测样本折射率的动态检测,因而可在同一传感结构模型中实现对不同待测样本折射率区间的多变量检测。结果表明,在传感检测单元A内,FR1和FR2的FOM值分别为631.53和463.7 RIU^(-1);在传感检测单元B内,FOM值分别为480.67和834.04 RIU^(-1)。所设计的传感结构模型通过结构参数优化,实现了传感结构的高反射率、高FOM值和较宽的检测范围,对双重Fano共振提供了理论参考,对待测样本折射率的多变量检测具有一定的研究价值。

Decorative near-infrared transmission filters featuring high-efficiency and angular-insensitivity employing ID photonic crystals

We present a new scheme for visibly-opaque but near-infrared-transmitting filters involving 7 layers based on one-dimensional ternary photonic crystals, with capabilities in reaching nearly 100% transmission efficiency in the near-infrared region. Different decorative reflection colors can be created by adding additional three layers while maintaining the near-infrared transmission performance. In addition, our proposed structural colors show great angular insensitivity up to ±60° for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations, which are highly desired in various fields. The facile strategy described here involves a simple deposit!on method for the fabrication, thereby having great potential in diverse applications such as image sensors, anti-counterfeit tag, and optical measurement systems.

一维光子晶体与光学多层介质膜

本文阐述了一维光子晶体和光子禁带的概念，对比了一维光子晶体与光学多层介质膜在结构和特性方面的联系和差别，运用薄膜光学的理论和方法讨论了多层介质膜的高反射带与光子禁带和膜系结构参量的关系.

一维光子晶体的电磁波理论及实现方法

对一维光子晶体的电磁波理论及周期介质中的 Bloch波解做了详细的推导 ,给出了光子晶体中的禁带存在的理论依据 ,并以此分析了禁带的特征 .同时 ,对一维光子晶体的光学理论做了阐释 ,并应用于一维光子晶体的设计实践 .列举了两个多层周期介质膜的禁带特性 .最后对光子晶体的应用和制造前景做了展望 .

对称型正负交替一维光子晶体超窄带滤波器

构造了(AB)N1(BA)N2对称型正负折射率交替一维光子晶体,并利用传输矩阵法进行数值模拟,研究了这种正负折射率交替一维光子晶体的能带结构与各参数之间的关系。结果表明:当两种材料的光学厚度相同时,该结构光子晶体比传统的光子晶体的带隙大得多,且在主禁带内有极窄的透射带。并利用此透射带,设计了一种在红外波段1550nm窗口3dB带宽可以做到0.000001nm以下,窗口内透过率接近100%的超窄带滤波器。该结构的光子晶体可以用作超窄带滤波器,有望在光通信超密集波分复用系统中获得广泛应用。

加载光子带隙膜系BaF_2晶体闪烁光慢成分抑制和抗γ辐照损伤的研究

根据BaF2晶体闪烁光快、慢成分波段的不同,设计并制备了用于抑制该晶体闪烁光慢成分的 Al2O3/MgF2/Al/MgF2…光子带隙膜系。实验结果显示:加载光子带隙膜系的BaF2晶体,其闪烁光快/慢成分 比提高80倍以上;经剂量为1×105Gy的60Coγ射线辐照后,其透射光谱、发射光谱和发光衰减时间谱没有明 显的变化,这表明由光子带隙膜系与BaF2晶体所构成的快闪烁器件不仅可有效避免慢成分的干扰,而且还具 有很强的抗γ辐射性能。

Ag-SiO_2多层薄膜对光子带隙的影响(英文)

采用超高真空电子束蒸发制备了一维紫外、可见光波段光子晶体.研究了在石英衬底上不同周期Ag/SiO2体系对光子带隙的影响.带隙位置与理论计算结果符合.发现二氧化硅层的厚度对带隙位置和银层的透过率有较大影响,厚度的增加降低了反射率,从而使光子带隙更加明显,当厚度达到12层时观察到清晰的光子带隙.

用一维多元光子晶体实现光学梳状滤波的数值研究

把传输矩阵方法推广应用于研究一维多元光子晶体实现光学梳状滤波。数值结果指出,要实现光学梳状滤波,首先要找到合适的组元个数,并通过调节组元位置和厚度找到所需要的禁带中心位置与宽度;其次根据梳状滤波的梳齿数目、位置和透过率等具体要求,通过调节缺陷组数、缺陷组相对位置、缺陷组各组元厚度而达到梳状滤波设计的目的。