With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,or...With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,organic integration,timely adoption,and correct decision-making for the transformation of old neighborhoods are pressing issues in the transformation of old neighborhoods.Therefore,this paper takes the green building evaluation standards of various countries as the research basis and support for the construction of the transformation strategy of old neighborhoods.Through the collection and comparative analysis of the indicators of green building evaluation standards,the index system of transformation is formed,and it also provides a certain foundation for the subsequent related research.展开更多
China has been promoting the renovation of old residential communities vigorously.Due to the financial pressure of the government and the sustainability of the renovation of old residential communities,public-private ...China has been promoting the renovation of old residential communities vigorously.Due to the financial pressure of the government and the sustainability of the renovation of old residential communities,public-private partnerships(PPP)have already gained attention.The selection of social capital is key to improving the efficiency of the PPP model in renovating old residential communities.In order to determine the influencing factors of social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities,this paper aims to find an effective approach and analyze these factors.In this paper,a fuzzy decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory(fuzzy-DEMATEL)technique is extended and amore suitable systemis developed for the selection of social capital using the existing group decisionmaking theory.In the first stage,grounded theory is used to extract the unabridged key influencing factors for social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities.Secondly,by considering the impact of expert weights,the key influencing factors are identified.The interactions within these influencing factors are discussed and the credibility of the results is verified by sensitivity analysis.Finally,these key influencing factors are sorted by importance.Based on the results,the government should focus on a technical level,organizationalmanagement abilities,corporate reputation,credit status,etc.This study provides the government with a theoretical basis and a methodology for evaluating social capital selection.展开更多
The core of the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market lies in the exploration of the implementation mechanism of multi-subject and multi-objective integrate...The core of the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market lies in the exploration of the implementation mechanism of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization.The multi-agent and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework is a powerful tool to guide the scientific decision-making of the market core structural entities in the future market practice. This paper analyzes the practical dilemma of energy-saving renovation of theexisting residential buildings in China, summarizes the practical experience of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization of energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings in foreign countries, and puts forward beneficial practical enlightenment on the basis of comparison at home and abroad;The design principles of the target integrated optimization system have established a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework for the energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings, from six aspects: government guidance, trust consensus, value co-creation, risk sharing, revenue sharing, and social responsibility sharing. This paper proposes a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated practice strategy, in order to promote the efficient and orderly development of China's existing residential building energy-saving renovation market.展开更多
With a special matter, Chinese literature has differences with traditional theories from western countries in essence, so that Chinese literature demonstrates its renovation and involution. The main reason is its tren...With a special matter, Chinese literature has differences with traditional theories from western countries in essence, so that Chinese literature demonstrates its renovation and involution. The main reason is its trends of modernity. The transformation from oversea exchange is very important. This paper mainly explains the specific content of paradox of Chinese literature in mo dernity, and explores the reasons for differences between China and western countries.展开更多
As a famous historical and cultural city of China, and one of the ecological conservation experimental plots of Huizhou culture, Likeng owns many cultural units under state and local protection. The paper elaborated t...As a famous historical and cultural city of China, and one of the ecological conservation experimental plots of Huizhou culture, Likeng owns many cultural units under state and local protection. The paper elaborated the significance and principles of protecting ancient buildings in Likeng, analyzed the restoration principles and technical schemes. Through analyzing the protection of ancient buildings in Likeng, the rationality of protection, and the balance between protection and development was proposed, and protection of the projects in the national historic and cultural heritage list, cultural relics protection units at all levels, famous historic and cultural cities was introduced.展开更多
Shantytown renovation is a livelihood project initiated by the Chinese government to reconstruct urban dilapidated housing and improve housing conditions for families in need. Since the funding problem is a major obst...Shantytown renovation is a livelihood project initiated by the Chinese government to reconstruct urban dilapidated housing and improve housing conditions for families in need. Since the funding problem is a major obstacle in the course of shantytown renovation, the government actively advocates the adoption of the public-private partnership(PPP) model. In view of the particularity of shantytown renovation and the complexity of the PPP model operation procedures, it is considered that the risk management of shantytown renovation based on the PPP model. This paper identified and judged the main risks of the PPP project in shantytown renovation, and put forward corresponding suggestions for the risk management of the PPP project in shantytown renovation, hoping to provide a reference for government decision-making.展开更多
More old residential communities have become unsuitable for the elderly because of the aging of outdoor physical environment and functional degradation. This paper investigated behaviors and mental activities of the e...More old residential communities have become unsuitable for the elderly because of the aging of outdoor physical environment and functional degradation. This paper investigated behaviors and mental activities of the elderly, problems of outdoor environment in old residential communities, and proposed strategies for the renovation of old residential communities from the perspectives of outdoor environment, road, greening and public supporting facilities according to demands of the elderly on outdoor environment, so as to provide them a comfortable and reasonable outdoor environment.展开更多
The studied area consists of 16 counties belonging to 3 provinces or autonomous re-gion, which are Hequ, Baode, Pianguan and Xinxian counties of Shanxi Province; Yulin,Shenmu, Fugu, Hengshan, Jingbian and Dingbian cou...The studied area consists of 16 counties belonging to 3 provinces or autonomous re-gion, which are Hequ, Baode, Pianguan and Xinxian counties of Shanxi Province; Yulin,Shenmu, Fugu, Hengshan, Jingbian and Dingbian counties of Shaanxi Province;Dongsheng, Tuoketuo, Qingshuihe counties and Yijinhuoluo, Dalate, Zhungeer banners展开更多
Reasons for landscape environment damages and cultural loss of old blocks in small cities and towns were analyzed from the cultural perspective,i.e.regional cultures have not been given due attention or inherited effe...Reasons for landscape environment damages and cultural loss of old blocks in small cities and towns were analyzed from the cultural perspective,i.e.regional cultures have not been given due attention or inherited effectively.On this basis,cultural connotations of landscapes in old blocks,and cultural inheritance-dominated renovation strategies were explored,i.e.focusing on man and culture,inheriting cultures in the overall town planning and constructing physical functions of old blocks.展开更多
Plant landscape design in the renovation of Longwanggang River was taken for example to elaborate that plant landscape designs based on site characteristics are mainly demonstrated as "respecting original landfor...Plant landscape design in the renovation of Longwanggang River was taken for example to elaborate that plant landscape designs based on site characteristics are mainly demonstrated as "respecting original landforms, considering original plant species, communities and landscapes, exploring proper indigenous plant species". Plant landscapes of Longwanggang River were oriented as riverfront landscape belt with multiple textures, urban portal and ecological corridor, aiming at returning to the nature, integrating environmental resources, achieving large scales and multiple forms. Considering properties of the neighboring plots, functional areas are divided according to different community types and eco-community structure of the plant landscapes, so as to form landscape nodes, highlight overall plant landscape effects, regional characteristics and low maintenance cost.展开更多
By reviewing development history and current situation of Huizhou Dockyard,this paper took "concentrated,scattered,changing" as the theme,adopted the design concepts of integrating functions and cultures,fol...By reviewing development history and current situation of Huizhou Dockyard,this paper took "concentrated,scattered,changing" as the theme,adopted the design concepts of integrating functions and cultures,followed the principle of applicable,economical,beautiful,ecological and human-concerned,to build a comfortable urban park.展开更多
The investment risk management of the existing building energy-saving renovation project for ESCO cannot be separated from the scientific risk measurement and evaluation. The investment risk assessment is the basis of...The investment risk management of the existing building energy-saving renovation project for ESCO cannot be separated from the scientific risk measurement and evaluation. The investment risk assessment is the basis of investment decision and project implementation. Based on the content analysis and balance of evaluation principle of investment risk evaluation on the existing building energy-saving renovation project, we set up three levels of existing building energy-saving renovation project investment risk evaluation index system, use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the quantitative process, get the scientific assessment of the investment risk of existing building energy-saving renovation project, and support the investment risk response strategy and control measures of existing building energy-saving renovation project for ESCO.展开更多
BACKGROUND Utilizing the large jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty is an effective approach to cure many lacunar and segmental peripheral bone defects.However,with the use of the jumbo cup,the center of the h...BACKGROUND Utilizing the large jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty is an effective approach to cure many lacunar and segmental peripheral bone defects.However,with the use of the jumbo cup,the center of the hip joint may become elevated relative to the primary acetabulum,and the diameter of the large cup is greater.AIM To study the height and the significance of the elevation of the hip joint center.METHODS Eighty-eight patients matched the criteria for this condition and were included in the study.The center height of the hip joint was measured relative to the opposite normal hip joint.The diameter of the jumbo cup was measured and checked according to operation notes,and the diameter of the jumbo cup was measured with a prosthesis label.Then,the horizontal and vertical centers of rotation were measured on the surgical side and opposite side.The average center height of the hip joint on the renovated side and the opposite side and the position of the hip cup relative to the teardrop were compared using a paired t-test.RESULTS Radiometric analysis showed that the average hip joint center was elevated by 7.6 mm.The rotational center height delta of the renovated hip was 7.6±5.6 mm,and there was an obvious difference between the two groups(P=0.00).The difference in horizontal distance was 0.5±5.1 mm(-11.5-14.0 mm),and there was no obvious difference between the two groups(P=0.38).According to the foreign standard,the rotational center height delta of the renovated hip was 7.5±6.2 mm,and there was a significant difference between the two groups(P=0.00).There was no obvious difference between the domestic and foreign standards(P>0.05)between the two groups.CONCLUSION The application of the jumbo cup elevates the rotational center of the hip joint,but it is feasible and effective to use the jumbo cup.展开更多
Taking the renovation project of vernacular dwellings in Chadong Village in Nanlang Town, Zhongshan City for example, historical background of historical and cultural tourism and concrete situation of the project were...Taking the renovation project of vernacular dwellings in Chadong Village in Nanlang Town, Zhongshan City for example, historical background of historical and cultural tourism and concrete situation of the project were combined to elaborate the principles, methods and implementation measures of vernacular dwellings in such projects. Renovation projects of vernacular dwellings could protect historical buildings, coordinate regional historical images, and improve the quality of history and culture, so it could be widely applied in historical and cultural tourism of villages and towns.展开更多
At presents,the hollowing of rural areas and the emptying of rural houses are very common. Scholars have discussed various construction strategies on the issue of rural housing renovation. The speed of urbanization co...At presents,the hollowing of rural areas and the emptying of rural houses are very common. Scholars have discussed various construction strategies on the issue of rural housing renovation. The speed of urbanization construction has led to a huge dilemma for villages featuring traditional dwellings. Taking Yingxi Village,Zhitan Town,Fuliang County,Jingdezhen City,Jiangxi Province as an example,combining the current situation of China’s rural housing and the actual situation of reconstruction and reuse,this article explores and studies the enormous potential and unlimited cultural influence of rural housing renovation.展开更多
In the renovation of old communities,it is important to explore ways of continuing regional cultural context,realizing harmonious regeneration of residential functions and cultural,commercial benefits when the communi...In the renovation of old communities,it is important to explore ways of continuing regional cultural context,realizing harmonious regeneration of residential functions and cultural,commercial benefits when the community environment is optimized.Taking the renovation design of Caojiaxiang Community in Chengdu City,Sichuan Province for example,we studied the utilization of marketplace culture resources in the place reconstruction of Caojiaxiang Community, summarized place reconstruction concepts and methods for the renovation of old communities,to provide valuable suggestions for the development of old communities.展开更多
The protected historical blocks always fail to undertake some necessary functions of modern cities because they inherit texture and skyline of historical spaces,and also traditional building density,so these blocks la...The protected historical blocks always fail to undertake some necessary functions of modern cities because they inherit texture and skyline of historical spaces,and also traditional building density,so these blocks lack in popularity and fall into rigid display of folk customs.In view of the contradiction between protection and vitality,this study proposes the concept of"intergrowth between underground space and urban block"on the basis of theoretic researches and construction practices,aims at renovating urban public green spaces by following the principle of regeneration of place,so as to improve and make up modern urban functions of historical blocks,stimulate vitality of the community,provide an effective solution to the development of new cities and renovation of old cities.展开更多
Significance of continuing traditional space image in the renovation of ancient city was analyzed. Taking the renovation of ancient Changshu City for example, traditional spatial characteristics of the ancient city we...Significance of continuing traditional space image in the renovation of ancient city was analyzed. Taking the renovation of ancient Changshu City for example, traditional spatial characteristics of the ancient city were summarized, and urban design techniques for continuing its space image were further explored. It was stressed that characteristic spatial structures should be continued, original spatial scales and ratios protected, so as to maintain integrality and unity of spatial interfaces.展开更多
Children and adults are often exposed to lead in homes as a result of deteriorating lead-based paint surfaces and any disturbance to those surfaces. There are a number of laws, regulations, standards and guidance docu...Children and adults are often exposed to lead in homes as a result of deteriorating lead-based paint surfaces and any disturbance to those surfaces. There are a number of laws, regulations, standards and guidance documents in place aimed at minimization of lead dust contamination following renovation and repair activities. These laws and regulations are oftentimes confusing and conflicting for the maintenance contractor who has limited time and resources for researching the right and appropriate course of action. This paper provides a comprehensive review and discussion of the lead laws, regulations, standards and guidelines for contractors.展开更多
文摘With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,organic integration,timely adoption,and correct decision-making for the transformation of old neighborhoods are pressing issues in the transformation of old neighborhoods.Therefore,this paper takes the green building evaluation standards of various countries as the research basis and support for the construction of the transformation strategy of old neighborhoods.Through the collection and comparative analysis of the indicators of green building evaluation standards,the index system of transformation is formed,and it also provides a certain foundation for the subsequent related research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62141302)the Humanities Social Science Programming Project of the Ministry of Educa-tion of China(No.20YJA630059)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China(No.20212BAB201011)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M662265)the Research Project of Economic and Social Development in Liaoning Province(Grant No.2022lslybkt-053).
文摘China has been promoting the renovation of old residential communities vigorously.Due to the financial pressure of the government and the sustainability of the renovation of old residential communities,public-private partnerships(PPP)have already gained attention.The selection of social capital is key to improving the efficiency of the PPP model in renovating old residential communities.In order to determine the influencing factors of social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities,this paper aims to find an effective approach and analyze these factors.In this paper,a fuzzy decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory(fuzzy-DEMATEL)technique is extended and amore suitable systemis developed for the selection of social capital using the existing group decisionmaking theory.In the first stage,grounded theory is used to extract the unabridged key influencing factors for social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities.Secondly,by considering the impact of expert weights,the key influencing factors are identified.The interactions within these influencing factors are discussed and the credibility of the results is verified by sensitivity analysis.Finally,these key influencing factors are sorted by importance.Based on the results,the government should focus on a technical level,organizationalmanagement abilities,corporate reputation,credit status,etc.This study provides the government with a theoretical basis and a methodology for evaluating social capital selection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.71872122)Late-stage Subsidy Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of the EducationDepartment of China (Grant No. 20JHQ095)。
文摘The core of the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market lies in the exploration of the implementation mechanism of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization.The multi-agent and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework is a powerful tool to guide the scientific decision-making of the market core structural entities in the future market practice. This paper analyzes the practical dilemma of energy-saving renovation of theexisting residential buildings in China, summarizes the practical experience of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization of energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings in foreign countries, and puts forward beneficial practical enlightenment on the basis of comparison at home and abroad;The design principles of the target integrated optimization system have established a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework for the energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings, from six aspects: government guidance, trust consensus, value co-creation, risk sharing, revenue sharing, and social responsibility sharing. This paper proposes a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated practice strategy, in order to promote the efficient and orderly development of China's existing residential building energy-saving renovation market.
文摘With a special matter, Chinese literature has differences with traditional theories from western countries in essence, so that Chinese literature demonstrates its renovation and involution. The main reason is its trends of modernity. The transformation from oversea exchange is very important. This paper mainly explains the specific content of paradox of Chinese literature in mo dernity, and explores the reasons for differences between China and western countries.
文摘As a famous historical and cultural city of China, and one of the ecological conservation experimental plots of Huizhou culture, Likeng owns many cultural units under state and local protection. The paper elaborated the significance and principles of protecting ancient buildings in Likeng, analyzed the restoration principles and technical schemes. Through analyzing the protection of ancient buildings in Likeng, the rationality of protection, and the balance between protection and development was proposed, and protection of the projects in the national historic and cultural heritage list, cultural relics protection units at all levels, famous historic and cultural cities was introduced.
文摘Shantytown renovation is a livelihood project initiated by the Chinese government to reconstruct urban dilapidated housing and improve housing conditions for families in need. Since the funding problem is a major obstacle in the course of shantytown renovation, the government actively advocates the adoption of the public-private partnership(PPP) model. In view of the particularity of shantytown renovation and the complexity of the PPP model operation procedures, it is considered that the risk management of shantytown renovation based on the PPP model. This paper identified and judged the main risks of the PPP project in shantytown renovation, and put forward corresponding suggestions for the risk management of the PPP project in shantytown renovation, hoping to provide a reference for government decision-making.
文摘More old residential communities have become unsuitable for the elderly because of the aging of outdoor physical environment and functional degradation. This paper investigated behaviors and mental activities of the elderly, problems of outdoor environment in old residential communities, and proposed strategies for the renovation of old residential communities from the perspectives of outdoor environment, road, greening and public supporting facilities according to demands of the elderly on outdoor environment, so as to provide them a comfortable and reasonable outdoor environment.
文摘The studied area consists of 16 counties belonging to 3 provinces or autonomous re-gion, which are Hequ, Baode, Pianguan and Xinxian counties of Shanxi Province; Yulin,Shenmu, Fugu, Hengshan, Jingbian and Dingbian counties of Shaanxi Province;Dongsheng, Tuoketuo, Qingshuihe counties and Yijinhuoluo, Dalate, Zhungeer banners
基金Supported by Jiangxi Provincial Arts and Social Science Program(YG2012121)
文摘Reasons for landscape environment damages and cultural loss of old blocks in small cities and towns were analyzed from the cultural perspective,i.e.regional cultures have not been given due attention or inherited effectively.On this basis,cultural connotations of landscapes in old blocks,and cultural inheritance-dominated renovation strategies were explored,i.e.focusing on man and culture,inheriting cultures in the overall town planning and constructing physical functions of old blocks.
基金Supported by Hunan Provincial Key Discipline Support Foundation of the "Twelfth Five-year Plan" (2011-76)
文摘Plant landscape design in the renovation of Longwanggang River was taken for example to elaborate that plant landscape designs based on site characteristics are mainly demonstrated as "respecting original landforms, considering original plant species, communities and landscapes, exploring proper indigenous plant species". Plant landscapes of Longwanggang River were oriented as riverfront landscape belt with multiple textures, urban portal and ecological corridor, aiming at returning to the nature, integrating environmental resources, achieving large scales and multiple forms. Considering properties of the neighboring plots, functional areas are divided according to different community types and eco-community structure of the plant landscapes, so as to form landscape nodes, highlight overall plant landscape effects, regional characteristics and low maintenance cost.
文摘By reviewing development history and current situation of Huizhou Dockyard,this paper took "concentrated,scattered,changing" as the theme,adopted the design concepts of integrating functions and cultures,followed the principle of applicable,economical,beautiful,ecological and human-concerned,to build a comfortable urban park.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71573188)the Soft Science Research Project of Ministry of Housing and Urban - Rural Development (Grant No. 2013-R1-14)Tianjin Social Sciences Planning Post-funded Projects (Grant No. TJGLHQ1403)
文摘The investment risk management of the existing building energy-saving renovation project for ESCO cannot be separated from the scientific risk measurement and evaluation. The investment risk assessment is the basis of investment decision and project implementation. Based on the content analysis and balance of evaluation principle of investment risk evaluation on the existing building energy-saving renovation project, we set up three levels of existing building energy-saving renovation project investment risk evaluation index system, use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the quantitative process, get the scientific assessment of the investment risk of existing building energy-saving renovation project, and support the investment risk response strategy and control measures of existing building energy-saving renovation project for ESCO.
文摘BACKGROUND Utilizing the large jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty is an effective approach to cure many lacunar and segmental peripheral bone defects.However,with the use of the jumbo cup,the center of the hip joint may become elevated relative to the primary acetabulum,and the diameter of the large cup is greater.AIM To study the height and the significance of the elevation of the hip joint center.METHODS Eighty-eight patients matched the criteria for this condition and were included in the study.The center height of the hip joint was measured relative to the opposite normal hip joint.The diameter of the jumbo cup was measured and checked according to operation notes,and the diameter of the jumbo cup was measured with a prosthesis label.Then,the horizontal and vertical centers of rotation were measured on the surgical side and opposite side.The average center height of the hip joint on the renovated side and the opposite side and the position of the hip cup relative to the teardrop were compared using a paired t-test.RESULTS Radiometric analysis showed that the average hip joint center was elevated by 7.6 mm.The rotational center height delta of the renovated hip was 7.6±5.6 mm,and there was an obvious difference between the two groups(P=0.00).The difference in horizontal distance was 0.5±5.1 mm(-11.5-14.0 mm),and there was no obvious difference between the two groups(P=0.38).According to the foreign standard,the rotational center height delta of the renovated hip was 7.5±6.2 mm,and there was a significant difference between the two groups(P=0.00).There was no obvious difference between the domestic and foreign standards(P>0.05)between the two groups.CONCLUSION The application of the jumbo cup elevates the rotational center of the hip joint,but it is feasible and effective to use the jumbo cup.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(51278196)
文摘Taking the renovation project of vernacular dwellings in Chadong Village in Nanlang Town, Zhongshan City for example, historical background of historical and cultural tourism and concrete situation of the project were combined to elaborate the principles, methods and implementation measures of vernacular dwellings in such projects. Renovation projects of vernacular dwellings could protect historical buildings, coordinate regional historical images, and improve the quality of history and culture, so it could be widely applied in historical and cultural tourism of villages and towns.
文摘At presents,the hollowing of rural areas and the emptying of rural houses are very common. Scholars have discussed various construction strategies on the issue of rural housing renovation. The speed of urbanization construction has led to a huge dilemma for villages featuring traditional dwellings. Taking Yingxi Village,Zhitan Town,Fuliang County,Jingdezhen City,Jiangxi Province as an example,combining the current situation of China’s rural housing and the actual situation of reconstruction and reuse,this article explores and studies the enormous potential and unlimited cultural influence of rural housing renovation.
文摘In the renovation of old communities,it is important to explore ways of continuing regional cultural context,realizing harmonious regeneration of residential functions and cultural,commercial benefits when the community environment is optimized.Taking the renovation design of Caojiaxiang Community in Chengdu City,Sichuan Province for example,we studied the utilization of marketplace culture resources in the place reconstruction of Caojiaxiang Community, summarized place reconstruction concepts and methods for the renovation of old communities,to provide valuable suggestions for the development of old communities.
基金Supported by the Youth Foundation of Humanities and Social Sciences Program,Ministry of Education(12YJCZH032)
文摘The protected historical blocks always fail to undertake some necessary functions of modern cities because they inherit texture and skyline of historical spaces,and also traditional building density,so these blocks lack in popularity and fall into rigid display of folk customs.In view of the contradiction between protection and vitality,this study proposes the concept of"intergrowth between underground space and urban block"on the basis of theoretic researches and construction practices,aims at renovating urban public green spaces by following the principle of regeneration of place,so as to improve and make up modern urban functions of historical blocks,stimulate vitality of the community,provide an effective solution to the development of new cities and renovation of old cities.
基金Supported by 2012 Philosophical and Social Science Foundation of Universities and Colleges(2012SJD760001)
文摘Significance of continuing traditional space image in the renovation of ancient city was analyzed. Taking the renovation of ancient Changshu City for example, traditional spatial characteristics of the ancient city were summarized, and urban design techniques for continuing its space image were further explored. It was stressed that characteristic spatial structures should be continued, original spatial scales and ratios protected, so as to maintain integrality and unity of spatial interfaces.
文摘Children and adults are often exposed to lead in homes as a result of deteriorating lead-based paint surfaces and any disturbance to those surfaces. There are a number of laws, regulations, standards and guidance documents in place aimed at minimization of lead dust contamination following renovation and repair activities. These laws and regulations are oftentimes confusing and conflicting for the maintenance contractor who has limited time and resources for researching the right and appropriate course of action. This paper provides a comprehensive review and discussion of the lead laws, regulations, standards and guidelines for contractors.