Plant Landscape Design for Commercial Pedestrian Streets

In view of the deficiencies in landscaping of commercial pedestrian streets,this study elaborated the functions of plant landscapes,such as improving the street environment,beautifying the street,creating spaces of diversified uses,and attracting more pedestrians.On the basis of this,plant landscape design principles and techniques for commercial pedestrian streets were put forward,by combining with successful cases,relevant design suggestions were given for particular streets or environments,so as to provide references for the landscaping of commercial pedestrian streets.

Study on Landscape of Arcaded Old Streets in Haikou

Arcaded old streets are the historical witness of Haikou City transforming from an ancient town into the prosperous coastal commercial city,and they are the important content of international tourism island construction.Although arcaded old streets are still the important hopping places for Haikou people,the crowded streets and backward and shabby residential and commercial conditions couldn't meet people's needs.The shopping environment without entertainment deviates from people's original shopping intention.The building facades,green space,public rest space and municipal facilities are less than satisfactory.The street landscape has gradually declined.So we must take restoration measures to protect them and create arcaded streets with local characteristics.For example,to restore the faade,dredge flowing space,create space for leisure,sort out all kinds of advertisement facilities,rebuild municipal facilities,add environmental facilities and so on.

Application of Environmental Psychology in Urban Space Design of China——A Case Study of Environmental Facilities Design of Urban Streets

After analyzing the concept of urban social psychology and environmental psychology, the paper considers that the city is an object shared by thousands of people from different classes, nationalities and characters, and streets and roads are the skeleton and venation of the city, serving for transport and as spaces. Then, it has proposed principles for road landscape design. Based on environmental facilities on streets, urban environmental psychology has been put forward because transport function has been highlighted while space function has been neglected in urban construction, so that facilities' design and construction can be considered from the perspective of human. Finally, some suggestions have been raised in view of problems in mechanism and management during the design and construction of domestic street facilities.

Study on the Landscape Creation of Historical Commercial Pedestrian Streets——With the Five Horses Street in Wenzhou City as a Study Case

With the development of business management model,commercial spaces have required more and more supporting services from the city.However,although commercial pedestrian streets lying on historical blocks have advantages in geological culture,they are not able to organically combine with the city environment,landscape creation on such streets have more and more problems.Taking the Five Horses Street in Wenzhou City for an example,this study through field investigation and document consultation proposes the principles and approaches of creating landscapes in historical commercial pedestrian streets,to provide support for the rational utilization of such streets.

Spatial Conformation Analysis of Characteristic Urban Pedestrian Streets:A Case Study of Ancient Jinli Street (Phase-Ⅰ Project) in Chengdu City,Sichuan Province

By studying project background of Ancient Jinli Street (Phase-I Project) in Chengdu City, location environment and design concepts of the project were introduced. Spatial conformation of Ancient Jinli Street was analyzed from the perspectives of street type, spatial sequence, ratio scale and landscape node. Moreover, architectural image and spatial hierarchy of the street were interpreted through analyzing architectural characteristics and combination patterns of building and street. Finally, spatial conformation features of the Ancient Jinli Street were summarized to provide references for the protection and development of characteristic urban pedestrian streets.

The Influence of Residents’ Opinions on the Redesign of Urban Underground Streets: A Case Study from <i>Diyi</i>Underground Street

The rapid development of urbanization and rapid growth of urban population have brought about various urban problems, and the development of cities to the ground and underground has become an inevitable choice. Underground street is a kind of underground space types, and it is also an important urban recreational resources and tourism resources. The evaluation of underground street users, especially the residents and tourists, has important reference value for the recreational resources’ redevelopment of underground street. Firstly, this paper reviews the relevant research literature on underground street and Post-Occupancy Evaluation theory, then chooses Diyi Underground Street, Chengdu, China, as the research object, and conducts a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews on residents’ shopping intention from five dimensions of underground street environment, decoration, commercial form, public facilities and other aspects. Finally, the survey data are analyzed quantitatively. The results show that some influence factors such as air quality, daylighting, decoration style etc. greatly affect the willingness of residents to enter the street. Therefore, residents’ recreational experience should be emphasized during the underground street re-planning according to the above factors.

Urban Street Design from the Perspective of Complete Streets: A Case Study of Shashen Road in Shenzhen

The design concept of complete streets pays attention to the rights and interests of all road users, as well as the overall design of pedestrians, bicycles, public transportation, motor vehicles and other modes of transportation and transportation space, which is conducive to improving the misunderstanding of China’s urban street design aiming to serve motorized traffic. In this study, the development course, concept, objectives and design elements of complete streets were studied, and the conceptual framework of street integrity evaluation was established. Shashen Road in Shenzhen City was as a case to analyze the problems existing in traditional street design and explore the spatial design method of complete streets. It is pointed out that street design should adapt to local conditions and be optimized according to current situation. The improvement measures that can be implemented were proposed to enhance the vitality of streets.

Analysis and Enlightenment on Continuation of Spatial Image of Traditional Streets and Lanes in Historical Urban Area:A Case Study of Spatial Design of Traditional Streets and Lanes in Xin’gan South Road of Ganzhou City

Traditional block of Xin’gan South Road in Ganzhou City is taken as the research object.Using urban design techniques,spatial structure,spatial interface,scale,ratio and spatial node of traditional streets and lanes are controlled and processed,and spatial image is analyzed.Moreover,the strategic transformation proposal is put forward.It promotes the renewal of traditional streets and lanes in urban renewal,and realizes the historical continuation of spatial image of traditional streets and lanes,thereby protecting the historical features of the ancient city.

Modeling Arctic Boundary Layer Cloud Streets at Grey-zone Resolutions

To better understand how model resolution affects the formation of Arctic boundary layer clouds,we investigated the influence of grid spacing on simulating cloud streets that occurred near Utqiaġvik(formerly Barrow),Alaska,on 2 May 2013 and were observed by MODIS(the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer).The Weather Research and Forecasting model was used to simulate the clouds using nested domains with increasingly fine resolution ranging from a horizontal grid spacing of 27 km in the boundary-layer-parameterized mesoscale domain to a grid spacing of 0.111 km in the large-eddy-permitting domain.We investigated the model-simulated mesoscale environment,horizontal and vertical cloud structures,boundary layer stability,and cloud properties,all of which were subsequently used to interpret the observed roll-cloud case.Increasing model resolution led to a transition from a more buoyant boundary layer to a more shear-driven turbulent boundary layer.The clouds were stratiform-like in the mesoscale domain,but as the model resolution increased,roll-like structures,aligned along the wind field,appeared with ever smaller wavelengths.A stronger vertical water vapor gradient occurred above the cloud layers with decreasing grid spacing.With fixed model grid spacing at 0.333 km,changing the model configuration from a boundary layer parameterization to a large-eddy-permitting scheme produced a more shear-driven and less unstable environment,a stronger vertical water vapor gradient below the cloud layers,and the wavelengths of the rolls decreased slightly.In this study,only the large-eddy-permitting simulation with gird spacing of 0.111 km was sufficient to model the observed roll clouds.

Preliminary Exploration on Design of Green Landscape of Urban Streets: A Case Study of Guangchang East Road in Xihu District of Nanchang City

Urban streets are the main public places for outdoor activities in urban areas. Urban street landscape is the core content of urban landscape,and urban street greening is an essential part of urban landscape streets. With the rapid development of cities,humans have higher and higher requirements for surrounding environment. To this end,this paper makes a preliminary exploration on the green landscape of urban streets. Based on the analysis of the basic concepts and components of green landscape of urban streets,this paper puts forward the role of green landscape of urban streets: practical function,landscape creation function and environment optimization function. Taking the Guangchang East Road in Xihu District of Nanchang City as an example,through field survey,observation and data collection,it found that the main problems of Guangchang East Road,and came up with the recommendations that the design of the greening landscape of Guangchang East Road in the planting and color block matching. It is expected to provide references for the planning and design of urban street greening landscape in the future.

The Design of Urban Streets for the Aged

In the context of the development of motorization in today's cities,the overall walking situation in the city is deteriorating,and the concern and consideration of pedestrians,especially the vulnerable groups,is seriously lacking.In order to meet the development need of the current aging society,this study tried to transform urban streets for the aged aiming at phenomenon of the loss of pedestrian zones for the aged,and proposed design elements to improve the pedestrian environment of the street,so as to provide the elderly with a street space suitable for they to interact with and improve their quality of life and self-esteem and happiness.Therefore,transforming urban streets suitable for the aged is an important measure to achieve a harmonious human society and an inevitable trend of humanization and sustainable development in an aging society.

Innovative Design of Landscape Installations in Commercial Pedestrian Streets Based on Experience Needs

Based on the relevant literature and case data, this paper analyzed the design elements of commercial pedestrian streets and design ideas of landscape installations based on behavioral psychological characteristics and experience requirements of users, and summarized the FST design method, that is, landscape installation design of commercial pedestrian streets needs to meet the function of commercial use and respect the spirit of place, and uses modern technology to achieve multiple experience models to meet high-level experience needs.

Influence of Street Traffic Accessibility on Street Vitality:A Case Study of Some Life Service Streets in Nanchang City

As the basic unit of urban system,street is not only an important traffi c link in the city,but also an important carrier refl ecting urban life.As one of the public spaces in the city,streets provide places for various outdoor activities,such as leisure,shopping,social contact and commercial publicity.The number of people and the duration that people stay in the streets for various activities constitute the vitality of streets.The vitality of streets can also be regarded as the vitality of cities to a certain extent.As one of the key infl uencing factors of street vitality,street traffi c accessibility has important research value.Based on the perspective of street traffi c accessibility,the dynamic factors affecting life streets are explored,and the design method of shaping street vitality is discussed through the analysis of practical cases in Nanchang City.

Research on Self-organized Commercial Streets in Urban Gap Space:A Case Study of Zhubao Street in Nanchang City

Due to the shortage of land resources caused by large-scale urban development and construction,old urban areas tend to become the generation places of urban gap space under the background of development and construction without focusing on the utilization of urban stock space.Under the impact of long-term development and new forces,especially the impact of commerce,cities will form self-organized commercial streets for sustainable development,showing the characteristics of disorder and vitality.Based on the urban gap and self-organized commercial street theory,the paper studies the gap space of Zhubao Street in Nanchang,and analyzes the theoretical factors of self-organized commercial street to discuss the characteristics and infl uence of gap space composition,hoping to fi nd out the effective strategy for renovation and renewal.

Space for Living Streets of Wroclaw

From the very beginning the street was and still is essential for moving,living and participating in city life.At present we all struggle with communication,traffic and pollution.Now the streets have a different image of their own structure where the car has dominated its space.This research focuses on a bigger picture of the mobility in the city of Wroclaw.Twelve streets including market squares and public places were taken into consideration while providing necessary data for this research.It is very clear that a need of a public space is necessary for a quality of daily life.Also,considering a street as a part of this public space is the main point of my research where I would like to prove that giving the street its importance back,can greatly influence on the development of the urbanized space at the city.I will concentrate on the parts of the city centre of Wroclaw.The major question is how and if we can change and bring our streets back to life.If we can change this we will be able to give our streets deeper meaning in our lifestyle.

Human-centered Design for Green Landscape of Urban Streets

This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape,it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape.Then,from the perspective of human-centered thought,it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets,to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.

Conversion of One- to Two-Way Streets in Birmingham, Alabama

This paper summarizes the approach, findings and evaluation methodology for a study that investigated the feasibility and potential impacts of street conversion options on traffic operations in downtown Birmingham, Alabama. Of particular interest were issues related to conversion of grid systems from one-way to two-way operations. Recommendations on the most promising design and control configurations for implementation are also provided. A literature review was performed that threw light on the issues and challenges associated with implementation of street conversions, and the available best practices. A comprehensive traffic impact analysis that ensued employed the SYNCHRO computer simulation model to represent current and future operations so as to assess the implications of two-way conversions at and around the test sites. Detailed realistic two-way operations scenarios were developed that considered geometric and right-of-way restrictions, the location of land uses that generate and/or attract vehicular and pedestrian traffic, connectivity with the street grid, and accessibility to nearby freeway facilities, as well as practical concerns.

Spatial Quality Evaluation of Pedestrian Streets

This paper presents an assessment of the spatial quality of a pedestrian street located in downtown Bauru, S^o Paulo State, Brazil, from the application of some urban sustainability indicators. Multi-method was used to evaluate the thermal comfort quality of users, urban accessibility and preservation of architectural heritage. The results show that the sustainability indicators, apart from being effective tools in identifying problems, can assist local managers in decision making, planning and monitoring of pedestrian public space. These indicators contribute to a broad diagnosis of the pedestrian street and also the formulation of programs, projects and municipal policies, aimed at providing a better life quality for pedestrians.

Nutritional Analysis of Fast Food in Streets of Patna Town, Bihar

Mushroom growth of street fast food is a boon for changing lifestyle of urban people. However, its nutritional aspect is also a matter of concern. The objective of the present study was hence to assess the nutrient components of fast food sold in streets of Patna town. A total of 30 fast food samples from streets were collected from different locations of Patna town in aseptic containers and immediately transferred to the laboratory for proximate analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the collected data. In terms of nutrient contribution, the highest energy content was found in Hot potato chips （536 ~ 85.2 kcal /I00 g） followed by Chicken chawmin （527 ~ 253.08 kcal/plat）, Chilli chicken （464 ~ 91.8 kcal/plat） and Pav bhaji （425 -4- 164 kcal/plat）. Highest level of protein was detected in Chilli chicken at 27.3 ~ 5.01 g per serving. Protein of Chilli chicken supplied approximately 29% of the total energy content per serving. Maximum amount of fat was also found in Chilli ckicken （35.5 ~ 31.89 g/plat）. Total fat contribution of Chilli ckicken to the total energy per serving found to be approximately 67%. Highest level of carbohydrate was detected in Idli at 15.0 ~ 9.18 g per serving of sample which contributed approximately 91% of the total energy content per serving. From this study it was concluded that street fast foods provide an appreciable amount of recommended nutrient composition. It could be observed in this study that street fast foods supply appreciable amount of nutrients and calories to the people of Patna.