Effect of radiation-induced mean wavelength shift in optical fibers on the scale factor of an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope at a wavelength of 1300 nm

In order to analyze the effect of wavelength-dependent radiation-induced attenuation （RIA） on the mean trans- mission wavelength in optical fiber and the scale factor of interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes （IFOGs）, three types of polarization-maintaining （PM） fibers are tested by using a 60Co γ-radiation source. The observed different mean wave- length shift （MWS） behaviors for different fibers are interpreted by color-center theory involving dose rate-dependent absorption bands in ultraviolet and visible ranges and total dose-dependent near-infrared absorption bands. To evaluate the mean wavelength variation in a fiber coil and the induced scale factor change for space-borne IFOGs under low radiation doses in a space environment, the influence of dose rate on the mean wavelength is investigated by testing four germanium （Ge） doped fibers and two germanium-phosphorus （Ge-P） codoped fibers irradiated at different dose rates. Experimental results indicate that the Ge-doped fibers show the least mean wavelength shift during irradiation and their mean wavelength of optical signal transmission in fibers will shift to a shorter wavelength in a low-dose-rate radiation environment. Finally, the change in the scale factor of IFOG resulting from the mean wavelength shift is estimated and tested, and it is found that the significant radiation-induced scale factor variation must be considered during the design of space-borne IFOGs.

Filtering of long-term dependent fractal noise in fiber optic gyroscope

Stochastic noises of fiber optic gyroscope （FOG） mainly contain white noise and fractal noise whose long-term dependent component causes FOG a rather slow drift. In order to eliminate this component, a two-step filtering methodology is proposed. Firstly, fractional differencing （FD） method is introduced to trans-form fractal noise into fractional white noise based on the estima-tion of Hurst exponent for long-term dependent fractal process, which together with the existing white noise make up of a gener-alized white noise. Further, an improved denoising algorithm of wavelet maxima is developed to suppress the generalized white noise. Experimental results show that the basic noise terms of FOG greatly decrease, and especially the slow drift is restrained effectively. The proposed methodology provides a promising ap-proach for filtering long-term dependent fractal noise.

Effect of radiation-induced color centers absorption in optical fibers on fiber optic gyroscope for space application

The effects of color centers＇ absorption on fibers and interferometric fiber optical gyroscopes（IFOGs） are studied in the paper. The irradiation induced attenuation（RIA） spectra of three types of polarization-maintaining fibers（PMFs）, i.e.,P-doped, Ge-doped, and pure silica, irradiated at 100 Gy and 1000 Gy are measured in a wavelength range from 1100 nm to1600 nm and decomposed according to the Gaussian model. The relationship of the color centers absorption intensity with radiation dose is investigated based on a power model. Furthermore, the effects of all color centers＇ absorption on RIA and mean wavelength shifts（MWS） at 1300 nm and 1550 nm are discussed respectively. Finally, the random walk coefficient（RWC） degradation induced from RIA and the scale factor error induced by MWS of the IFOG are simulated and tested at a wavelength of 1300 nm. This research will contribute to the applications of the fibers in radiation environments.

宽谱光源谐振式光纤陀螺谐振特性分析

为优化宽谱光源谐振式光纤陀螺(RFOG)谐振腔设计,进行了RFOG谐振特性分析。首先,根据光场传输理论完成了宽谱RFOG光场传输特性分析,建立了宽谱RFOG谐振频差曲线模型,给出了谐振特性参数表达式。理论证明了宽谱RFOG的陀螺精细度和半高全宽约为谐振腔光谱曲线的1/2和2倍。其次,基于宽谱RFOG光场理论模型,分析了耦合器交叉耦合系数、附加损耗和谐振腔腔长等谐振腔关键光学参数对陀螺精细度和极限灵敏度的影响。最后,实验验证了谐振特性理论分析的正确性,并通过优化谐振腔参数实现陀螺零偏不稳定性0.059°/h,对谐振式光纤陀螺工程设计具有理论指导意义。

Y波导温致半波电压特性对谐振式光纤陀螺的影响

针对基于宽谱光源的谐振式光纤陀螺(resonant fiber optic gyroscope, RFOG)中Y波导调制器半波电压的温度影响,开展了Y波导温致半波电压特性对谐振式光纤陀螺影响的研究。建立了Y波导温致半波电压特性对基于宽谱光源的谐振式光纤陀螺系统标度因素的影响规律模型,模型表明:Y波导调制器的温致半波电压特性会导致基于宽谱光源的谐振式光纤陀螺系统的标度因素发生变化。搭建了用于宽谱光源的Y波导调制器半波电压测试系统,系统测试精度达1 mV。实验测试了全温范围内Y波导的温致半波电压特性在基于宽谱光源的谐振式光纤陀螺系统中的影响,测试结果表明:Y波导调制器的半波电压与温度呈线性负相关;Y波导调制器的温致半波电压特性导致基于宽谱光源的谐振式光纤陀螺系统的标度因素的最大相对变化误差为1 266.01×10^(-6)。

干涉式光纤陀螺跨条纹工作误差研究

在干涉式光纤陀螺中,当调制信号超出限制并进行2π复位时,调制信号输入的调制量与输入角速度间出现了2π的相位差,这使实际的干涉相位出现左移或右移2π,即跨条纹工作。在光纤陀螺闭环系统中,跨条纹工作产生的误差体现在随机游走系数和非线性度上。该文通过优化调制方案建立跨条纹误差抵消机制,可使跨条纹产生的误差互相抵消,从而提高光纤陀螺的非线性度和随机游走系数。经过仿真和实验表明该方法有效。

火控雷达伺服系统仿真研究

某型车载火控雷达以直流力矩电机、光纤陀螺为主要器件构成三闭环控制系统。本文利用Matlab对此伺服系统的电流环、速度环以及位置环进行了建模及仿真。最后利用跟踪模拟航路验证了仿真设计的有效性。

基于LSTM神经网络的机载光纤陀螺温度冲击误差补偿技术

环境温度冲击会降低机载光纤陀螺的性能,从而影响飞行器导航和姿态控制精度。在光纤陀螺误差机理研究基础上,本文提出一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络的光纤陀螺温度误差补偿模型。该模型通过LSTM网络对光纤陀螺的零偏和标度因数进行实时预测和校正,提高光纤陀螺的测量精度。试验结果表明,在温度冲击下,LSTM预测模型补偿后的标度因数误差小于30ppm,零偏稳定性比常规的线性拟合补偿模型提高0.0034(°)/h。这意味着输出更准确地反映实际角速度值,陀螺仪的零偏漂移更小,输出更接近于零值。动态试验中转台输入为20(°)/s时,LSTM补偿后陀螺输出稳定在19.999~20.001(°)/s区间内,相较于陀螺原始输出误差降低0.008(°)/s。通过LSTM预测模型补偿,能够在环境变化、外部扰动或传感器故障时,通过陀螺仪提供更可靠的数据支持,维持飞行器的稳定性和安全性。

基于光纤陀螺的温度补偿模型改进、压缩和FPGA实现

为提高光纤陀螺(FOG)在变温环境下输出误差的补偿精度,在长短期记忆神经网络模型(LSTM)基础上,利用分段非线性粒子群算法(PN-PSO)对LSTM模型超参数寻优,建立PN-PSO-LSTM光纤陀螺温度补偿模型。为有效降低计算和存储开销,便于部署在资源受限的硬件环境中,提出一套适用于光纤陀螺应用场景的模型压缩方案,包括:知识蒸馏、剪枝、激活函数线性化、定点数量化等。最后基于Xilinx公司某芯片完成部署。对比实验结果表明,相较于传统反向传播(BP)模型和传统PSO-LSTM模型,采用所提模型补偿后,陀螺零偏输出均方误差分别降低74.4%和53.5%,模型压缩后在大小减小94.1%的同时,陀螺零偏输出均方误差仍然比传统全精度模型更低,在FPGA实现后对比PC端模型推理速度提升98.47%。

基于多模型集成算法的光纤陀螺温度补偿及实现

为降低光纤陀螺因温度效应产生的零偏漂移,以基于最小二乘法的多项式补偿模型和经遗传算法优化后的BP神经网络模型(GA-BP)为基学习器,通过集成学习算法建立了光纤陀螺的温度补偿模型,并对补偿后的光纤陀螺进行在线温度补偿实验。实验结果表明,该模型在-40~+60℃温变环境下将光纤陀螺的全过程零偏漂移降低了85%以上,且补偿后的启动段零偏输出均值更接近零位。

Ultra-small interferometric fiber optic gyroscope with an integrated optical chip

This study proposes a novel interferometric fiber optic gyroscope(IFOG)based on an integrated optical chip,application-specific integrated circuit,and small-diameter sensing coil.The overall size and weight of the prototype are 30 mm × 30 mm ×30 mm and 68 g,respectively,making it the smallest closed-loop IFOG,to the best of our knowledge.A static experiment shows that the bias stability of the integrated IFOG is very close to the theoretical accuracy limit determined by the fiber coil and can satisfy the requirements of near-navigation-grade compact inertial navigation systems.

Effect of ^(60)Co-gamma radiation on the random walk error of interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes

Two ^(60)Co-gamma radiation experiments were launched to explore the radiation effect on optical components and interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG). In optical components radiation experiment, the result showed that polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber coil loss was the most affected parameter in all the RWC (random walk coefficient) related parameters, compared with the weak sensitivity of other components parameters. In the IFOG radiation experiment, the RWC performance degradation was found to be almost due to an increase of the PM fiber attenuation. Based on the experiment result, a RWC prediction model in radiation, which is obtained by embedding PM fiber loss expression into the RWC model, was built following a power law of dose and dose rate. An IFOG RWC in space radiation environment was predicted from radiation dose and dose rate by the RWC prediction model. This RWC value calculated from test data is fully accorded to the RWC value predicted from radiation dose.

Radiation-induced effects in polarization-maintaining optical fibers for interferometric gyroscope

Radiation-induced attenuation （RIA） in four types of polarization-maintaining optical fibers for interfer-ometric fiberoptic gyroscope （IFOG） at 1310 nm is measured. The measurements are conducted during and after steady-state γ-ray irradiation using a 60 Co source in order to observe significantly different RIA behavior and recovery kinetics. Mechanisms involving dopants and manufacturing process are introduced to analyze the RIA discrepancy as well as to guide the choice and hardening of optical fibers during the design of IFOG. Medium-accuracy IFOG using Ge–F-codoped fiber and pure silica core fiber can survive in the space radiation environment.

Near-navigation-grade interferometric fiber optic gyroscope with an integrated optical chip

We present a near-navigation-grade interferometric fiber optic gyroscope(IFOG)based on an integrated optical chip.The chip comprises a light source,a photodiode,and a 3 dB coupler within an area of 48 mm^(2).By interrogating with an integrated optical modulator and a small-diameter sensing coil,the IFOG is realized.This allows for a significant reduction in size,weight,power consumption,and cost.Preliminary performance data of a gyro proto type exhibits 0.018 deg/h bias instability.

Fiber Optic Gyroscope Dynamic North-Finder Algorithm Modeling and Analysis Based on Simulink

鉴于象更低的自动化水平和传统的纤维的不够的精确那样的问题眼的回转仪(雾) 静电干扰北方查找者，这份报纸集中于 FOG 动态北方查找者原则和算法的深入的分析。点与最少的方形的方法发现算法的 FOG 动态北方的模拟模型用 Simulink 工具箱，然后站台旋转速度和采样频率被建立，它影响动态北方显然发现了精确的雾，被模仿并且计算，并且优化分析作为关键考虑被执行。模拟结果显示出那，当站台旋转速度在 4.5 敨琠浥数慲畴敲ㄠ ? 之间时 ?? 鲵 ??? 徬 ? 蒠?徬銕鴿é t 他 pre 猔? 猔吗？？

Suppression of backscattering induced noise by the sideband locking technique in a resonant fiber optic gyroscope

Polarization fluctuation induced noise and backscattering-induced noise are the dominant noises in resonant fiber optic gyroscopes. This Letter proposes a new method to suppress the carrier and backscattering induced noise by the sideband locking technique. Besides choosing an optimized modulation depth and different clockwise and counterclockwise modulation frequencies, the sideband is locked to the cavity resonance. With the proper modulation frequency, the carrier frequency component locates at a position far away from the resonant frequency, and then it is suppressed by the cavity itself, which can be taken as a bandpass filter. The amplitude of the carrier frequency can be suppressed by 20–25 d B additionally by the cavity and the total intensity suppression ratio can reach 115.74 d B. The backscattering induced noise can be eliminated for the adoption of different frequencies. The method can realize a stable and high suppression ratio without high requirements for parameter accuracy or device performance.

Low-Drift Closed-Loop Fiber Optic Gyroscope of High Scale Factor Stability Driven by Laser With External Phase Modulation

In view of the poor scale factor stability of the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope(IFOG),it is a creative method to use laser to drive the IFOG for its better frequency stabilization characteristics instead of the broadband light source.As the linewidth of laser is narrow,the errors of coherent backscattering,polarization coupling,and Kerr effect are reintroduced which cause more noise and drift.This paper studies laser spectrum broadening based on external phase modulation of Gaussian white noise(GWN).The theoretical analysis and test results indicate that this method has a good effect on spectrum broadening and can be used to improve the performance of the laser-driven IFOG.In the established closed-loop IFOG,a four-state modulation(FSM)is adopted to avoid temperature instability of the multifunction integrated-optic chip(MIOC)and drift caused by the electronic circuit in demodulation.The experimental results show that the IFOG driven by broadened laser has the angular random walk noise of 0.0038°/√h and the drift of 0.017°/h,which are 62%and 66%better than those without modulation respectively,of which the drift has reached the level of the broadband light source.Although the noise still needs further reduction,its scale factor stability is 0.38 ppm,which has an overwhelming advantage compared with the traditional IFOG.

Reduction of nonreciprocal errors in a differential interferometric fiber optical gyroscope using optically differential processing

The bias stability of differential interferometric fiber optical gyroscope is analyzed.Thermal error causing long-term bias drift are reduced by putting the 90°splice in the middle of the fiber coil and applying a wide spectrum light source.Also,a kind of novel optical differential processing,which is much more precise than the electronic differential processing,is proposed for reducing the residual nonreciprocal error in the final differential output.An experimental setup based on optical differential processing was built.An^100 fold reduction in the long-term bias drift is demonstrated experimentally compared with the primary differential interferometric fiber optical gyroscope.

Noise decomposition and parameter optimization method for high sensitivity fiber optic gyroscope

A novel random walk coefficient(RWC) model of the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope(IFOG) to decompose fundamental noise sources, namely the shot noise, the excess noise, the thermal noise, and the detection circuit noise, from the overall noise was developed. The coefficients of the model were extracted from the measured RWC instead of by calculating the accurate IFOG parameters, which is simpler and more accurate. The correctness and the accuracy of the model were verified by experiments. Using this model, the RWC of the experimental IFOG was predicted and the quantitative contributions of the noise sources were determined. According to the predicted results, the parameters of the IFOG were optimized. Finally, based on the model, a noise decomposition and parameter optimization method was proposed for high sensitivity IFOG design.

Experimental optimization of an erbium-doped super-fluorescent fiber source for fiber optic gyroscopes

Double-pass forward and double-pass backward erbium-doped super-fluorescent fiber sources（EDSFSs） were combined in one configuration.A 980 nm laser diode pumped the same erbium-doped fiber from both directions using a coupler as a power splitter.The double-pass configuration was achieved by coating the fiber end face.Firstly,an optimal fiber length was found to obtain a high stability of output light wavelength with pump power, and then 1530/1550 nm wavelength division multiplexing was used for spectrum planarization,which expanded the bandwidth to more than 22 nm.The final step was a test of temperature stability.The results show that the rate of the central wavelength change kept to below 3.5 ppm/℃in the range of -40 to 60℃and 1-2 ppm/℃in the range of 20-30℃.Considering all the three factors of the fiber optic gyro applications,we selected 80 mA as the pump current,in which case the central wavelength temperature instability was calculated as 2.70 ppm/℃, 3 dB bandwidth 22.85 nm,spectral flatness 0.2 dB,output power 5.17 mW and power efficiency up to 9.92%.This experimental result has a significant reference value to the selection of devices and proper design of ED-SFSs for the application of high-precision fiber optic gyroscopes.