Research on the window operating behavior of offices is of great significance for reducing building energy con-sumption and improving indoor comfort.The open-plan office is a common office form that involves a large n...Research on the window operating behavior of offices is of great significance for reducing building energy con-sumption and improving indoor comfort.The open-plan office is a common office form that involves a large number of people and a complex staffcomposition.The window operating behaviors in open-plan offices are also random and various.This study took three open-plan offices with different situations(area,office type,staffcomposition,etc.)as an example,which provides a new perspective on how people behave differently when opening or closing windows.The window operating behaviors in two typical seasons(summer and transition seasons)were recorded and analyzed.The occupants’schedules and influencing factors of window operating behavior were investigated by questionnaire surveys.In addition,the indoor environmental parameters,occu-pancy situation,and on-offstatuses of windows and air conditioning were acquired through field measurements.Furthermore,the differences in window operating behaviors in the three open-plan offices were compared from the perspectives of influencing factors,duration of the window on-offstatuses,and cause of window control ac-tions,among others.In addition,Spearman Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the ranks of the candidate motivations for window operating behaviors.The preliminary results show that influenced by the personnel com-position,type of air conditioner and adjustable degree of windows,the window operating behaviors of different office buildings have larger discrepancies than that in the same building.However,there were some common characteristics in the window regulation behaviors of the three open-plan offices:they were generally influenced by the coupling of environmental factors,schedule factors,and equipment factors.This study reveals that when expand the research object from a single building to multiple buildings,more difficulties and challenges would be involved into behavior research.展开更多
At present, with the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, smart campuses in universities are being rapidly constructed. Improving the informatization leve...At present, with the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, smart campuses in universities are being rapidly constructed. Improving the informatization level of administrative management work is also an important content. The collaborative office work in multiple departments requires more standardized, convenient, intelligent, and secure office systems. In response to this issue, this article analyzes the optimization and construction process of collaborative office systems based on the development of university informatization, summarizes the operational results, and explores the prospects of smart office.展开更多
Excel操作题自动阅卷系统的设计往往采用RTF、VBA方式,但效果并不理想,针对这种情况提出了一种基于Office Open XML格式和Python语言,使用开源库Openpyxl、Element Tree及自编类解析Excel文件的操作题自动阅卷评分系统的方法,总结了Offi...Excel操作题自动阅卷系统的设计往往采用RTF、VBA方式,但效果并不理想,针对这种情况提出了一种基于Office Open XML格式和Python语言,使用开源库Openpyxl、Element Tree及自编类解析Excel文件的操作题自动阅卷评分系统的方法,总结了Office Open XML格式的Spread sheet ML标记语言的常用标记及作用,其次设计了自动阅卷流程,细化为格式解析、格式保存和格式对比量化评分三个阶段,并将格式解析分解为Openpyx l解析、Element Tree解析两个步骤,解决了解析中容错的自定义问题。经过测试,使用该方法能可靠地实现Excel 2010版本操作题的自动阅卷。展开更多
A large-scale field survey to measure indoor environmental parameters such as air temperature,air velocity and relative humidity was conducted in Chongqing,P. R. China,a city in a hot summer and cold winter zone. Subj...A large-scale field survey to measure indoor environmental parameters such as air temperature,air velocity and relative humidity was conducted in Chongqing,P. R. China,a city in a hot summer and cold winter zone. Subjective questionnaires and the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale were used to evaluate thermal,humidity and velocity sensations. Probability methods were employed to calculate the preferred temperatures. The results show that the preferred temperatures are 25.1 ℃ in summer and 21.1 ℃ in winter,respectively. Based on a comparison of the difference between neutral and preferred temperatures,it is proposed that human temperature sensitivity influences preferred temperature.展开更多
The International Women’s Day,which takes place on March 8 every year,was celebrated in conjunction with C hina’s Two Sessions this year,with warm greetings and best wishes dedicated to women across the world.Female...The International Women’s Day,which takes place on March 8 every year,was celebrated in conjunction with C hina’s Two Sessions this year,with warm greetings and best wishes dedicated to women across the world.Female diplomats working at Overseas China Cultural Centers and China National Tourist Offices,among others,represent a force to be reckoned with,shining at the forefront of cultural diplomacy.展开更多
1 GeneralEconomic globalization is resulting inrapid development of the telecommuni-cation industry. It is now necessary formany contries to build new internationalgateway offices or expand their existing sys-tems in ...1 GeneralEconomic globalization is resulting inrapid development of the telecommuni-cation industry. It is now necessary formany contries to build new internationalgateway offices or expand their existing sys-tems in order to become interconnected with展开更多
This article describes the significance of constructing integrated gateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as well as the change and improvement of the function requirements of in- tegrated gateway ...This article describes the significance of constructing integrated gateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as well as the change and improvement of the function requirements of in- tegrated gateway office offices with the continuous development of cross-network services.It puts forward ZTE's overall solution for the inter-network interworking with regard to the construction of in- tegrated gateway office offices.展开更多
The role that occupants have on energy consumption and performance of buildings is known,but still requires a great deal of research.In this paper,the most common techniques to detect occupancy and occupant behavior i...The role that occupants have on energy consumption and performance of buildings is known,but still requires a great deal of research.In this paper,the most common techniques to detect occupancy and occupant behavior in buildings are categorized with their advantages and disadvantages.Being the buildings characterized by different energy usage,the presentation of the studies that applied surveys and monitoring campaigns is conducted with differentiation between residential and office buildings.展开更多
With a view to implementing the strategy of broadlybased economic and trade cooperation, facilitating the foreign economic relations and trade compaines and productive enterprises entitled to engage in import and expo...With a view to implementing the strategy of broadlybased economic and trade cooperation, facilitating the foreign economic relations and trade compaines and productive enterprises entitled to engage in import and export trade so as to develop their diversified market, and expanding the presence of China’s commodities on the international market, Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC) has recently laid down new regulations on examining and approving the establishment of trading companies and representative offices outside the country (excluding Taiwan, HongKong and Macao). 1. The qualifications of the enterprises intending to apply for the establishment of overseas trading companies and representative offices: 1)With regard to foreign eco-展开更多
Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-...Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.展开更多
This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories a...This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.展开更多
With the adoption of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, more and more foreign enterprises (including overseas Chinese, Hongkong and Macao ones) wish to establish permanent representative offices in...With the adoption of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, more and more foreign enterprises (including overseas Chinese, Hongkong and Macao ones) wish to establish permanent representative offices in China. In order to help foreign businessmen understand the rules and regulations and the procedures relating to the establishment of展开更多
Doing business in China, while lucrative, can be a minefield to the uninitiated. This regular column by Deloitte will provide specific information to give businesspeople the tools they need to facilitate this process.
During the Spring Festival,the China National Tourist Office in Rome planned and held a series of wonderful"Happy Chinese New Year"activities,such as"Happy Chinese New Year with Me","Happy Chi...During the Spring Festival,the China National Tourist Office in Rome planned and held a series of wonderful"Happy Chinese New Year"activities,such as"Happy Chinese New Year with Me","Happy Chinese New Year Party of Generation Z",and"China-Italy Spring Festival Online Concert".展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(51708105).
文摘Research on the window operating behavior of offices is of great significance for reducing building energy con-sumption and improving indoor comfort.The open-plan office is a common office form that involves a large number of people and a complex staffcomposition.The window operating behaviors in open-plan offices are also random and various.This study took three open-plan offices with different situations(area,office type,staffcomposition,etc.)as an example,which provides a new perspective on how people behave differently when opening or closing windows.The window operating behaviors in two typical seasons(summer and transition seasons)were recorded and analyzed.The occupants’schedules and influencing factors of window operating behavior were investigated by questionnaire surveys.In addition,the indoor environmental parameters,occu-pancy situation,and on-offstatuses of windows and air conditioning were acquired through field measurements.Furthermore,the differences in window operating behaviors in the three open-plan offices were compared from the perspectives of influencing factors,duration of the window on-offstatuses,and cause of window control ac-tions,among others.In addition,Spearman Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the ranks of the candidate motivations for window operating behaviors.The preliminary results show that influenced by the personnel com-position,type of air conditioner and adjustable degree of windows,the window operating behaviors of different office buildings have larger discrepancies than that in the same building.However,there were some common characteristics in the window regulation behaviors of the three open-plan offices:they were generally influenced by the coupling of environmental factors,schedule factors,and equipment factors.This study reveals that when expand the research object from a single building to multiple buildings,more difficulties and challenges would be involved into behavior research.
文摘At present, with the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence, smart campuses in universities are being rapidly constructed. Improving the informatization level of administrative management work is also an important content. The collaborative office work in multiple departments requires more standardized, convenient, intelligent, and secure office systems. In response to this issue, this article analyzes the optimization and construction process of collaborative office systems based on the development of university informatization, summarizes the operational results, and explores the prospects of smart office.
基金Projects(50838009, 50678179) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2006BAJ02A09, 2006BAJ02A13-4) supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China
文摘A large-scale field survey to measure indoor environmental parameters such as air temperature,air velocity and relative humidity was conducted in Chongqing,P. R. China,a city in a hot summer and cold winter zone. Subjective questionnaires and the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale were used to evaluate thermal,humidity and velocity sensations. Probability methods were employed to calculate the preferred temperatures. The results show that the preferred temperatures are 25.1 ℃ in summer and 21.1 ℃ in winter,respectively. Based on a comparison of the difference between neutral and preferred temperatures,it is proposed that human temperature sensitivity influences preferred temperature.
文摘The International Women’s Day,which takes place on March 8 every year,was celebrated in conjunction with C hina’s Two Sessions this year,with warm greetings and best wishes dedicated to women across the world.Female diplomats working at Overseas China Cultural Centers and China National Tourist Offices,among others,represent a force to be reckoned with,shining at the forefront of cultural diplomacy.
文摘1 GeneralEconomic globalization is resulting inrapid development of the telecommuni-cation industry. It is now necessary formany contries to build new internationalgateway offices or expand their existing sys-tems in order to become interconnected with
文摘This article describes the significance of constructing integrated gateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as well as the change and improvement of the function requirements of in- tegrated gateway office offices with the continuous development of cross-network services.It puts forward ZTE's overall solution for the inter-network interworking with regard to the construction of in- tegrated gateway office offices.
文摘The role that occupants have on energy consumption and performance of buildings is known,but still requires a great deal of research.In this paper,the most common techniques to detect occupancy and occupant behavior in buildings are categorized with their advantages and disadvantages.Being the buildings characterized by different energy usage,the presentation of the studies that applied surveys and monitoring campaigns is conducted with differentiation between residential and office buildings.
文摘With a view to implementing the strategy of broadlybased economic and trade cooperation, facilitating the foreign economic relations and trade compaines and productive enterprises entitled to engage in import and export trade so as to develop their diversified market, and expanding the presence of China’s commodities on the international market, Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation (MOFTEC) has recently laid down new regulations on examining and approving the establishment of trading companies and representative offices outside the country (excluding Taiwan, HongKong and Macao). 1. The qualifications of the enterprises intending to apply for the establishment of overseas trading companies and representative offices: 1)With regard to foreign eco-
文摘Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.
文摘This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.
文摘With the adoption of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, more and more foreign enterprises (including overseas Chinese, Hongkong and Macao ones) wish to establish permanent representative offices in China. In order to help foreign businessmen understand the rules and regulations and the procedures relating to the establishment of
文摘Doing business in China, while lucrative, can be a minefield to the uninitiated. This regular column by Deloitte will provide specific information to give businesspeople the tools they need to facilitate this process.
文摘During the Spring Festival,the China National Tourist Office in Rome planned and held a series of wonderful"Happy Chinese New Year"activities,such as"Happy Chinese New Year with Me","Happy Chinese New Year Party of Generation Z",and"China-Italy Spring Festival Online Concert".
