Carbon Emission Factors Prediction of Power Grid by Using Graph Attention Network

Advanced carbon emission factors of a power grid can provide users with effective carbon reduction advice,which is of immense importance in mobilizing the entire society to reduce carbon emissions.The method of calculating node carbon emission factors based on the carbon emissions flow theory requires real-time parameters of a power grid.Therefore,it cannot provide carbon factor information beforehand.To address this issue,a prediction model based on the graph attention network is proposed.The model uses a graph structure that is suitable for the topology of the power grid and designs a supervised network using the loads of the grid nodes and the corresponding carbon factor data.The network extracts features and transmits information more suitable for the power system and can flexibly adjust the equivalent topology,thereby increasing the diversity of the structure.Its input and output data are simple,without the power grid parameters.We demonstrated its effect by testing IEEE-39 bus and IEEE-118 bus systems with average error rates of 2.46%and 2.51%.

Design and Evaluation Tool for Operations and Maintenance Logistics Concepts for Offshore Wind Power Plants

In this article, the authors give an overview of different logistics concepts for operation and maintenance of OWPP （offshore wind power plants）. These can be generally classified into onshore based and offshore based concepts. The operation of OWPPs can still be improved as research has shown that the availability of OWPPs is low compared to onshore wind power plants. There are a few tools to calculate operating costs and to evaluate the different concepts. However, most tools have a weak focus on logistics although logistics account for a big share of the costs. The tool the authors are introducing in this article focuses on the logistics processes. It is first explained and then tested with an OWPP scenarin

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Power Grid Construction Project Investment Ranking Based on the Prospect Theory Improved by Rewarding Good and Punishing Bad Linear Transformation

Using the improved prospect theory with the linear transformations of rewarding good and punishing bad(RGPBIT),a new investment ranking model for power grid construction projects(PGCPs)is proposed.Given the uncertainty of each index value under the market environment,fuzzy numbers are used to describe qualitative indicators and interval numbers are used to describe quantitative ones.Taking into account decision-maker’s subjective risk attitudes,a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)method based on improved prospect theory is proposed.First,the[−1,1]RGPBIT operator is proposed to normalize the original data,to obtain the best andworst schemes of PGCPs.Furthermore,the correlation coefficients between interval/fuzzy numbers and the best/worst schemes are defined and introduced to the prospect theory to improve its value function and loss function,and the positive and negative prospect value matrices of the project are obtained.Then,the optimization model with the maximum comprehensive prospect value is constructed,the optimal attribute weight is determined,and the PGCPs are ranked accordingly.Taking four PGCPs of the IEEERTS-79 node system as examples,an illustration of the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is provided.

Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids——An interview with Zhou Xiaoxin, chief scientist of "973 Program"

At the end of last year, the editors from Power and Electrical Engineers interviewed Zhou Xiaoxin on "Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids", a project of "973 Program". Mr. Zhou, the chief engineer of China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI) and an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the chief scientist in charge of this research project.

Large-Scale Distributed Photovoltaic Power Dispatching and Operation Management Review

Distributed photovoltaic power (PV) is the main development model of distributed generation. It is necessary to research on dispatching and operation management with large-scale distributed PV connected. This paper analyzes development status, technical requirement and dispatching and operation management situation of distributed PV in Germany and China. Then introduce the preparation of distributed PV dispatching and operation management criterion. Through summarizing the experiences and lessons of large-scale distributed PV development in Germany, it gives advice to the development of distributed PV dispatching and operation management in China.

Effects of Large-Scale Wind Energy Base on Power Grid Company

The first stage project of Jiuquan wind energy base with 5.5-GW installed capacity is about to be completed. However, there exist several technical issues such as power transfer capability, electricity accommodation, frequency control and peak load regulation as well as system stability. In addition, the high capital cost and operation cost of the supporting transmission project invested and constructed by the Gansu Provincial Power Company will definitely have significant impacts on the management and economic profit of the Company. Through analysis of the construction and operation cost changes resulting from the wind power collection and delivery project, the author carried out research into the effects of developing large-scale wind power base on the management and economic benefits of power grid enterprises and proposed corresponding suggestions to make the related policies perfect.

Taking the Way of “Going Out”——SGCC Got the Franchise for Operating Philippine Power Grid

For Chinese power enterprises,investing overseas and actively seeking international cooperation in energy resources for mutual benefit accords with not only the desires of themselves to become bigger and stronger,but also China's energy strategy. Having won the first overseas state-level power-grid operation right,the State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) took the lead in carrying out the strategy of "going out."

Multiple Dispatching Reactive Power and Voltage Coordinated Control Method

This paper studies the reactive power and voltage coordinated control scheme. According to the characteristics of Hunan power grid, the coordinated schemes about Hunan power grid with Central China Power Grid, as well as Changsha power grid are proposed. At the same time, this paper builds a two-way interactive and multiple dispatching reactive power and voltage coordinated control mode, and can be successfully applied in Hunan power grid. The operation results show that this control scheme fulfills the ability of large power grids in optimal allocating of resources, effectively integrates the reactive power resources of the entire grid, achieves the purpose of reducing power grid loss, improving voltage quality, reducing the operating numbers of the reactive power equipment.

Research on Security Assessment Index System for Operating Reserve in Large Interconnected Power Grid

Optimization and placement of spinning reserve is an important issue in power system planning and operation. Systematic way for security assessment of operating reserve needs to study. A security assessment index system for operating reserve in large interconnected power grids is presented in this paper. Firstly, classification and determination methods of operating reserve at home and abroad are investigated, and operating reserve is divided into transient state operating reserve and quasi-steady state operating reserve from the view of security assessment. Secondly, assessment indexes and optimization methods for transient state operating reserve are studied. Thirdly, optimization model, deterministic and probabilistic optimization methods for quasi-steady state operating reserve are explored. Finally, some principles for determination of operating reserve are suggested, and a security assessment index system is put forward. The proposed index system, considering both transient and quasi-steady state, both deterministic and probabilistic methods, provides a systematic way to assessment and arrangement of operating reserve.

基于柔直控制的南方电网异步联网频率同步运行控制器设计与应用

电网分区异步运行将成为未来南方电网发展趋势,针对分区异步电网间频率失去了同步性和一致性问题,开展分区异步电网频率同步运行控制策略研究,提出了分区异步电网频率同步运行控制器结构,优化确定运行关键控制参数并通过仿真验证其有效性。鲁西柔直工程作为试点实施分区异步电网频率同步运行,现场实施效果表明该控制能够有效保证分区异步运行电网间实际运行中频率的一致性和同步性,且与电网AGC策略具有良好的适配性,实施中未出现两侧电网功率振荡和频率振荡发散情况,有效改善分区电网频率稳定性和提升分区电网间功率的灵活性支援性能,同时也实现全网调频资源的实时、自动共享,推动构建全网统一的调频辅助服务市场。

基于增强现实技术的电力设备运维检修仿真方法

为解决电力设备运维检修中,运行状态监测不够全面的问题,提出基于增强现实技术的电力设备运维检修仿真方法。基于步行者航位推算技术与GPS技术设计无线定位平台,无线定位检修人员并记录行动轨迹;拍摄电力设备运维检修图像,基于增强现实技术,结合MEEM算法与ORB算法设计增强现实三维注册技术;以3dsMax软件构建电力设备运维检修三维模型。融合定位结果、三维注册结果与模型,实现仿真中的虚实融合、人机交互。测试结果表明,该方法能够实现带电区域检测的仿真以及电力设备识别、运维检修状态检测的仿真,证明该方法拥有良好的仿真性能。

基于动态掺氢策略的综合能源系统低碳经济调度

针对现有综合能源系统中传统碳捕集电厂灵活性较差,电负荷系数、管道长度和管道运维成本等因素对计及气网掺氢的综合能源系统调度的影响尚未明确等问题,提出了一种基于动态掺氢策略的综合能源系统低碳经济调度模型。首先,建立综合灵活碳捕集电厂模型,对二氧化碳的吸收与再生环节进行解耦;其次,建立基于动态掺氢的管道运维成本模型,实现掺氢比的动态调整,提高系统调度的灵活性;然后,引入阶梯式碳交易机制,构建考虑气网掺氢管道运维成本的综合能源系统低碳经济调度模型,利用McCormick松弛方法将非线性问题转化为线性问题,并进行求解。最后,算例仿真结果表明:气网各节点处管道运维成本系数与气体体积、输送距离等因素相关,应综合考虑上述因素对气体定价;在综合能源系统调度中综合考虑电负荷系数、气网管道长度等因素合理选择气网掺氢比上限、制定动态掺氢策略,系统的经济效益与环境效益分别提高了44.1%、47.8%。

面向电网调峰的盘管式冰蓄冷空调技术研究

储能是助力实现碳达峰碳中和战略目标的关键技术。当前电力供需关系的矛盾随着可再生能源高比例接入和电力需求快速增长日益尖锐,该问题在夏季用电高峰期间尤为突出。冰蓄冷空调系统在夜间利用谷电制冰储存冷量,在白天用电高峰时融冰供冷,有助于电网调峰和改善用能经济性。该文总结分析盘管式冰蓄冷空调关键技术的研究现状和发展方向。系统控制层面:对比分析冰蓄冷空调系统的各种优化控制策略;蓄冰融冰方式层面:详细阐述内融冰、外融冰和内外融冰结合3种方式特点,并对能量模型进行归纳;结构层面:分析典型强化传热方式对传热性能的影响关系。最后,归纳不同材质盘管的研究结果与应用前景。

复杂大电网非预设性运行工况下的继电保护动作适应性仿真分析

非预设性运行工况下的突发事件多,导致继电保护逻辑的适应性较差,不合理区域较多,为此,进行复杂大电网非预设性运行工况下继电保护动作适应性仿真分析。分析历史常规故障,标记故障点最常发生位置,构建零序、负序方向元件模型、距离元件模型、纵联电流差动元件模型,观察复杂大电网非预设性运行工况下的电网参数变化情况,第一时间掌握电网的耦合性,不断选择电网所需的继电保护动作逻辑,确认继电保护动作适应性。仿真实验表明,将故障点设置在保护区域内和区域外,继电保护动作能够根据故障选择不同保护模型进行故障母线切除或者保护不动作,适应性好。

面向光伏电站除尘作业的移动机械臂抗倾覆稳定性研究

对光伏电站移动机械臂倾覆稳定性的研究是其安全、高效作业的前提。采用重力法分析移动机械臂在水平路面和倾斜路面的静态稳定性,以倾覆力矩为标识对移动平台与机械臂耦合状态下的稳定性进行分析,并利用Matlab和Adams仿真验证移动机械臂的稳定性,结果表明移动机械臂在水平路面上进行作业运动时处于稳定状态;通过分析移动机械臂在倾斜路面上的稳定性,确定其可安全操作的最大路面倾斜角度。

Short Text Mining Framework with Specific Design for Operation and Maintenance of Power Equipment

In order to recover the value of short texts in the operation and maintenance of power equipment,a short text mining framework with specific design is proposed.First,the process of the short text mining framework is summarized,in which the functions of all the processing modules are introduced.Then,according to the characteristics of short texts in the operation and maintenance of power equipment,the specific design for each module is proposed,which adapts the short text mining framework to a practical application.Finally,based on the framework with the specific designed modules,two examples in terms of defect texts are given to illustrate the application of short text mining in the operation and maintenance of power equipment.The results of the examples show that the short text mining framework is suitable for operation and maintenance tasks for power equipment,and the specific design for each module is beneficial for the improvement of the application effect.

新型4-RRPS爬壁机器人及风电塔筒运行环境下的稳定性分析

在风电机组运维领域中的运维爬壁机器人大多属于特级高处作业,根据特级高处作业特点,爬壁机器人的作业安全性尤为重要,而稳定性是安全性的必要条件。以4-RRPS构型爬壁机器人吸附在塔筒壁面时为分析工况,以吸附力为分析切入点,展开其相关稳定性研究与分析工作。具体包括结构整体在极限倾覆和滑落工况下的最小吸附力分析、单腿抬举运动所需最小推力分析、结构整体的静态稳定裕度分析、携载平台三种工况运动稳定性分析,最终证明该爬壁机器人具备运动平稳性。

城市轨道交通供电设备智能运维管控系统开发与应用研究

本文就城市轨道交通供电设备智能运维管控系统的开发与应用进行了全面系统的探讨,旨在通过实证分析验证系统的应用效果和实际效益,以期为城市轨道交通供电系统的智能化管理提供理论依据和实践指导。

融合大模型与图神经网络的电力设备缺陷诊断

电力系统中不同装置设备的缺陷评级和分析处理常受运维人员主观性影响,导致同一缺陷文本描述出现不同的严重程度评级。专业知识的差异也导致诊断分析差异和诊断效率不同。为提升缺陷诊断的准确性和效率,提出一种基于图神经网络的缺陷文本评级分类方法和大模型智能诊断分析助手。构建专业词典,使用自然语言处理算法规范化文本描述。通过统计方法,优化缺陷文本的语义表示。集成图注意力神经网络和RoBERTa模型对缺陷文本进行精确评级分类。基于大语言模型Qwen1.5-14B-Chat进行低秩适配(LoRA)微调训练得到电力设备诊断大模型Qwen-ElecDiag,结合检索增强生成技术开发设备缺陷诊断助手。此外,整理提供微调电力设备诊断大模型的指令数据集。对比实验结果表明,提出的基于图神经网络的缺陷评级分类方法在准确性上较最优基准模型BERT提升近8个百分点;诊断助手的电力知识以及缺陷诊断能力得到提升。通过提高缺陷评级的准确率并提供全面专业化诊断建议,不仅提高电力设备运维的智能化水平,也为其他垂直领域的智能运维提供新的解决方案。

基于图表映射融合技术的大电网运行业务平台化人机交互设计

为更好满足大电网运行业务中高效感知电网状态的需求,开展了软件前后端数据组织和接口设计方面的研究。在融合海量人机交互技术关键要素的基础上,提出一种大电网分析模型图模一体化与多关系表数据映射与融合的平台化技术方案,并通过2669个厂站大电网案例验证方法的有效性。结果表明,所提方法在实现诸多功能需求基础上具备较高的模型检索效率与优秀的前端渲染性能,可为大电网运行业务人机交互设计提供参考。