Evolution of Air Traffic Management Concept of Operations and Its Impact on the System Architecture

The air traffic management system(ATM)has the task of ensuring safe,orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic.The ATM system architecture is very much dependent on the concept of operations(ConOps).Over the years the evolution in ConOps has resulted in changes in the ATM′s physical architecture,improving its physical infrastructure,increasing the levels of automation and making operational changes to improve air traffic flow,to cope with increasing demand for air travel.However,what is less clear is the impact of such changes in ConOps on the ATM′s functional architecture.This is vital for ensuring optimality in the implementation of the physical architecture components to support the ATM functions.This paper reviews the changes in the ConOps over the years,proposes a temporally invariant ATM functional model,and discusses some of the main key technologies expected to make significant improvements to the ATM system.

Market Operation of Energy Storage System in Smart Grid:A Review

As a flexible resource,energy storage plays an increasingly significant role in stabilizing and supporting the power system,while providing auxiliary services.Still,the current high demand for energy storage contrasts with the fuzzy lack of market-oriented mechanisms for energy storage,the principle of market-oriented operation has not been embodied,and there is no unified and systematic analytical framework for the business model.However,the dispatch management model of energy storage in actual power system operation is not clear.Still,the specific scheduling process and energy storage strategy on the source-load-network side could be more specific,and there needs to be a greater understanding of the collaborative scheduling process of the multilevel scheduling center.On this basis,this paper reviews the energy storage operation model and market-based incentive mechanism,For different functional types and installation locations of energy storage within the power system,the operational models and existing policies for energy storage participation in the market that are adapted to multiple operating states are summarized.From the point of view of the actual scheduling and operation management of energy storage in China,an energy storage regulation and operation management model based on“national,provincial,and local”multilevel coordination is proposed,as well as key technologies in the interactive scenarios of source-load,network and storage.

Operation and Management of Electrical Equipment in Iron and Steel Enterprises

How to ensure the reliable operation of the complex and huge electrical system composed of a large number of electrical equipment in iron and steel enterprises?Combined with working experience,the author introduces four main factors affecting the normal operation of equipment,analyzes five main problems existing in the operation and management of electrical equipment,and puts forward corresponding improvement measures,so as to improve the management level of electrical equipment in iron and steel enterprises.

Smart City Rail Transit Operation and Management Information Construction Strategy

Rail transit is considered one of the safest and most efficient modes of transportation.Ticketing,vehicle dispatching,and passenger flow control during rail transit operations in China have been improving over the years.Smart city construction and intelligent management models has also been increasingly emphasized with the rapid development of information and internet technology.Therefore,it is essential to conduct relevant research and discussions to improve the overall efficiency and quality of urban rail transit operation and management.This article provides an overview of smart city rail transit operation and management informatization,the principles of construction,and the functions of smart city rail transit operation and management informatization.Additionally,it discusses the strategies for the construction of smart city rail transit operation and management information and its development prospects.

Operational Problems and Countermeasures of Public Elective Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on the Perspective of Academic Affairs Management:Taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an Example

With the vigorous development of higher vocational education,public elective courses,as one of the core components of the higher vocational curriculum system,occupy a pivotal position.Based on the perspective of academic affairs management and taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an example,this paper meticulously analyzes the operational problems in the declaration,setting,teaching,and management of public elective courses through questionnaire surveys and other methods.It also puts forward a series of targeted solutions,with a view to continuously improving the teaching quality and management level of public elective courses.

Research on the Management System of Airline Dispatch in the Flight Operation

In the modem development,the aircraft has become one of the main tools for people's daily travel and the development of the social industry,which promotes the development of the civil aviation.In the composition of airlines,dispatch is one of the representatives of the important work,and we should establish an effective management system.Under the function of this system,to do a good job in the air dispatch is not only conducive to guaranteeing the normal operation of flights,but is also conducive to further promoting the development of the civil aviation industry.In this regard,this paper focuses on the discussion and study of the management system of the air dispatch in the flight operation.

Research and Design of IPv6 Network Management and Operations Support System

IPv6 is the foundation of the development of Next Generation Internet (NGI). An IPv6 network management and operations support system is necessary for real operable NGI. Presently there are no approved standards yet and relevant equipment interfaces are not perfect. A Network Management System (NMS) at the network layer helps implement the integrated management of a network with equipment from multiple vendors, including the network resources and topology, end-to-end network performance, network failures and customer Service Level Agreement (SLA) management. Though the NMS will finally realize pure IPv6 network management, it must be accommodated to the management of relevant IPv4 equipment. Therefore, modularized and layered structure is adopted for the NMS in order to implement its smooth transition.

Management System Activities of the Operation and Utilization of GHARR-1

The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.

Transformation of Operations Management through Information Technology and Information System in Suning

Information technology and information system today play major roles in companies who are competitive in the global market. In this paper, we will study how Suning Appliance Chain changes her operations by using information technology and information system. Suning's Strategy, operations structure, especially her logistics system are discussed firstly; how information technology and information system support her operation and logistics to gain competitive capabilities are further discussed. Finally, the operation system transformation through IT/IS in Suning is studied by the use of a stochastic inventory model.

Discrete optimization models and methods for management systems of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation

With the rapid development of highway construction and formation of the highway network in China,the man- agement of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation （MR） activities has become important.In this paper,four discrete optimization models are proposed for different parties involved in the management system： government,highway agent,con- tractor and the common users.These four optimal decision models are formulated as linear integer programming problems with binary decision variables.The objective function and constraints are based on the pavement performance and prediction model using the pavement condition index （PCI）.Numerical experiments are carried out with the data from a highway system in Sichuan Province which show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed models.

New Attempt for Building Rural Water Environment Management System Based on the Investigation and Analysis of Water Environment in Xianxia Town, Yudu County

Water environment is a part of ecological environment, and conservation of water environment has always been a focus of public attention in China, but water environment management in the vast countryside has been stuck in bottleneck. Based on the fi eld investigation in Xianxia Town, Yudu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, this paper explored the current situation of local water environment and the management diffi culties, then introduced the holistic view to integrate the linkage of government, market and society, proposed the universality of the individual case, and the new attempt centering on urban-rural integrated water environment management system with public participation mechanism, management subjects' benefit balance and coordination system, marketing operation mechanism and economic incentive mechanism as the extension.

Emergency department operations and management education in emergency medicine training

BACKGROUND:This study was undertaken to examine the current level of operations and management education within US-based Emergency Medicine Residency programs.METHODS:Residency program directors at all US-based Emergency Medicine Residency programs were anonymously surveyed via a web-based instrument.Participants indicated their levels of residency education dedicated to documentation,billing/coding,core measure/quality indicator compliance,and operations management.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for the ordinal data/Likert scales.RESULTS:One hundred and six(106)program directors completed the study instrument of one hundred and fifty-six(156)programs(70%).Of these,82.6%indicated emergency department(ED)operations and management education within the training curriculum.Dedicated documentation training was noted in all but 1 program(99%).Program educational offerings also included billing/coding(83%),core measure/quality indicators(78%)and operations management training(71%).In all areas,the most common means of educating came through didactic sessions and direct attending feedback or 69%-94%and 72%-98%respectively.Residency leadership was most confident with resident understanding of quality documentation(80%)and less so with core measures(72%),billing/coding/RVUs(58%),and operations management tools(23%).CONCLUSIONS:While most EM residency programs integrate basic operational education related to documentation and billing/coding,a smaller number provide focused education on the dayto-day management and operations of the ED.Residency leadership perceives graduating resident understanding of operational management tools to be limited.All respondents value further resident curriculum development of ED operations and management.

Vehicle Operating, Accident and User Time Costs in Pavement Management Systems： Approach for Portuguese Conditions

This paper presents a description and analysis of the most important models to predict each of the Road User Costs components （Vehicle Operating Costs, Accident Costs and Value of Time） and proposes a model for estimating RUC components suitable for the Portuguese road network. These results are part of a research which aimed to obtain a Road User Cost Model to be used as a tool in road management systems. This model is different from other models by the fact that it includes a simple formulation that allows calibration and calculation of cost parameters, for any year, in a simple and fast way, providing trustworthy results. The required data is already available in Portuguese institutions, allowing periodic revision of cost parameters to insure accuracy.

Operations Management Perspectives in the Air Transport Management

The area of operations management has had a substantial effect on the today’s air transportation management.Having moved with huge demand from management to obtain a competitive advantage in the market,the airlines are utilizing advanced optimization techniques to develop decision support systems for operations management and control.In order to provide a service with high quality and low cost,airlines spend a tremendous amount of resources and effort to generate profitable and cost-effective fare classes,flight schedules,fleet plans,aircraft routes,crew scheduling,gate assignment,etc.In this paper,the techniques and operations management applications that are used in the air transportation industry are reviewed including demand forecasting,fleet assignment,aircraft routing,crew scheduling,runway scheduling problem and gate assignment.

Controlling of crustacean zooplankton reproduction in biological activated carbon (BAC) filters by strengthen operation and management of conventional process

To counter the mass reproduction and penetration of crustacean zooplankton in Biological Activated Carbon(BAC)filters which may result in the presence of organisms in potable water and water pollution,this paper analyzed the factors affecting organisms' reproduction in BAC filters.A comparative study was performed on the density and composition of crustacean zooplankton of the concerned water treatment units of two advanced water plants(Plant A and B)which with the same raw water and the same treatment technique in southern China.The results obtained show that the crustaceans' density and composition was very different between the sand filtered water of Plant A and Plant B.which Harpacticoida bred sharply in the sediment tanks and penetrated sand filter into BAC filters was the primary reason of crustaceans reproduce in BAC filters of Plant A.For prevention of the organisms reproduction in BAC,some strengthen measures was taken including pre-chlorination,cleaning coagulation tanks and sediment tanks completely,increasing sludge disposal frequency to stop organisms enter BAC filters,and the finished water quality was improved and enhanced.

Application of Mobile Intelligent Inspection System in Substation Equipment Management

Intelligent inspection is more and more widely applied in all walks of life. This paper introduces the application of the intelligent inspection system in substation equipment management based on mobile phone terminal. It can make the power supply enterprise have more effective means to ensure the safe operation of equipment, improve equipment management level, and improve the economic benefits of power supply.

Risk Management Strategy for Agricultural Operation Subjects in Simple Scale Expansion Mode

Agricultural operation subject is a main body of the market economy. At present,the simple scale expansion mode is a major mode of agricultural operation in China. According to some hypothesis,scale expansion will inevitably bring high income,but such hypothesis has serious defects. The operation mechanism of the simple scale expansion mode includes farmer operation mechanism,professional farmer operation mechanism,and " company + farmers" operation mechanism. In the production and operation,they will be faced with different natural risks,technical risks,market risks and policy risks. Besides,their risk control ability is also varied. Therefore,it is required to take different agricultural risk management strategies. The " company + farmers" production and operation subjects have the highest ability of risk management. Other subjects should learn their experience.

Revenue Optimization of Pipelines Construction and Operation Management Based on Quantum Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing Algorithm

For the optimization of pipelines, most researchers are mainly concerned with designing the most reasonable section to meet the requirements of strength and stiffness, and at the same time reduce the cost as much as possible. It is undeniable that they do achieve this goal by using the lowest cost in design phase to achieve maximum benefits. However, for pipelines, the cost and incomes of operation management are far greater than those in design phase. Therefore, the novelty of this paper is to propose an optimization model that considers the costs and incomes of the construction and operation phases, and combines them into one model. By comparing three optimization algorithms (genetic algorithm, quantum genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm), the same optimization problem is solved. Then the most suitable algorithm is selected and the optimal solution is obtained, which provides reference for construction and operation management during the whole life cycle of pipelines.

Methodology of Fashion Merchandising by Modularization Operation Management

Based on the requirements of applying information technology to reform the traditional fashion industry,the method of fashion merchandising management in some medium-sized enterprises is discussed. By analyzing the actual domestic fashion industry environment, ideal model that could quickly respond to the market's changes is proposed which includes naming brand, target-market position, circumstances analysis and popularity anticipation, brand concept and style setting, fashion design, fashion category component, and sale strategy.